20世纪90年代土家族文化研究回眸

90年代的土家族研究无论从形式上,还是从内容上都进入了一个崭新的阶段,形成了土家族研究的初步繁荣期。这一时期是土家族文化研究的一个承前启后的重要阶段,她承接了80年代土家族文化研究的复兴,又启开了土家族文化研究的新局面,既有丰硕的成果,又有学术理论的创新,并培养了一批高素质的研究人才,还提出了构建土家族学科理论体系,为21世纪的土家族研究奠定了坚实的基础。     

《文赋》文学创作心理学探讨

<文赋>是陆机探讨文学理论的专著.在<文赋>中,陆机第一次提出了为文"用心"的问题."用心"问题即文学创作心理问题.中国文学批评史上谈"心"者不少,但直接阐述文学创作心理问题,并将其作为文学理论与批评研究对象,陆机是第一人.陆机的<文赋>具体阐述了应感问题、想象问题、语言问题和灵感问题等诸多文学创作心理问题.<文赋>直接而具体地探讨文学创作心理问题与我国古代哲学"以心为主"的理论探讨模式有着密切的理论渊源关系.     

邓小平理论“三进”必须把握的几个关键

邓小平理论"三进"工作的核心是进头脑,要实现进头脑,针对学生实际,必须把握好几个关键,即必须让学生弄清邓小平理论与马列主义、毛泽东思想的继承和发展的关系;必须让学生正确认识邓小平理论的科学体系;必须让学生充分认识邓小平理论的实践功效,用改革开放以来我国发生的巨大变化,经济建设的巨大成就,人民生活巨大改善的事实说话.要明确"三进"工作的新要求,把邓小平理论"三进"与"三个代表"重要思想的"三进"紧密地结合起来,把"三进"工作和学习、贯彻科学的发展观有机地统一起来.适应新形势,总结新经验,努力探索,与时俱进,使"三进"工作取得新的更大的成效.     

An integrated approach for water resources decision making under interactive and compound uncertainties

In recent years, the issue of water allocation among competing users has been of great concern for many countries due to increasing water demand from population growth and economic development. In water management systems, the inherent uncertainties and their potential interactions pose a significant challenge for water managers to identify optimal water-allocation schemes in a complex and uncertain environment. This paper thus proposes a methodology that incorporates optimization techniques and statistical experimental designs within a general framework to address the issues of uncertainty and risk as well as their correlations in a systematic manner. A water resources management problem is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed methodology. The results indicate that interval solutions can be generated for the objective function and decision variables, and a number of decision alternatives can be obtained under different policy scenarios. The solutions with different risk levels of constraint violation can help quantify the relationship between the economic objective and the system risk, which is meaningful for supporting risk management. The experimental data obtained from the Taguchi's orthogonal array design are useful for identifying the significant factors affecting the means of total net benefits. Then the findings from the mixed-level factorial experiment can help reveal the latent interactions between those significant factors at different levels and their effects on the modeling response.     

The Transport System and Society’s Metabolism in the UK

This paper analyses the interrelation between the transport system and measures of resource consumption such as material and energy consumption over a 60-year period (1937–1997) in the UK. Non-motorized transport and time consumption for mobility are estimated in addition to conventional measures of transport. During the period analyzed, the UK population grew by 20% while transport of goods and persons increased more than threefold and material and energy consumption almost doubled. The transport intensity of domestic material input (DMI) doubled to 300 ton-kilometers (tkm) per ton of DMI while the transport intensity of domestic energy consumption (DEC) doubled to 20 tkm per gigajoule (GJ) of DEC. Thus, while the material and energy intensity of GDP declined significantly, a well-established trend in many advanced countries, the transport intensity of materials and energy consumption rose. These findings suggest a close link between transport, economic development, and long-term structural transformations. In the case of personal transport, a rebound effect was also observed: whereas the average speed of transport has greatly increased, the average number of hours per day devoted to personal transport has not declined.     

关于当代资本主义生产力与生产关系问题的思考

21世纪中国特色社会主义发展需要强劲的动力,社会主要矛盾的变化是新动力,改革是直接动力,创新是引领经济发展的第一动力,共同富裕是人民的热切追求,也是21世纪中国特色社会主义发展的人民主体动力,中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦是民族主体动力,坚定共产主义远大理想是共产党人的精神动力,这六种动力构成了一个有机的动力体系,共同推动21世纪中国特色社会主义不断向前发展。     

The Savvy Caregiver Program: Impact of an Evidence-Based Intervention on the Well-Being of Ethnically Diverse Caregivers

This article reports on the impact of the Savvy Caregiver Program (SCP) on English-speaking caregivers of Hispanic, Black/African American, and Asian/Pacific Islander descent. Caregivers completed a questionnaire prior to study enrollment, at 6 and 12 months postenrollment. Caregivers in all 3 ethnic groups showed more caregiver competence, reduced depression, greater tolerance for care recipients’ memory problems, better management of their overall situation, and improved perception of that situation 6 months and 12 months post-enrollment. The study demonstrates that in the sample studied the SCP was as effective in helping ethnically diverse caregivers as it has shown to be with Caucasian caregivers.     

论朱自清性格及政治心态的转向

朱自清一向被研究者称为"狷者",然而纵观其一生,这个概括显然是不全面的。除了"狷者"这一性格特征,在不同时期朱自清也有"狂者"、"中庸者"的表现,这从朱自清一生的创作和革命实践中可观察出来。尤其值得关注的是,朱自清后期政治心态发生了很大程度的转变,这可以作为中国现代知识分子在变革年代中人生道路选择的典型代表。这一转变的背后,既蕴藏着个人性格方面的因素,也流露出时代、社会等外部环境所施加的影响。     

Association between sexually explicit messages and sleep health among French sexual minority men

It has been demonstrated that sexual minority men (SMM) participate in sexting. While research has shown that engagement in the exchange of sexually explicit media is associated with poor health outcomes, no previous research has investigated its association with sleep health outcomes. This study sought to examine the association between sexually explicit media and sleep health among SMM, a population that suffers from poor sleep health. A popular geosocial networking application was used to recruit SMM individuals (N?=?580) in the Paris, France, metropolitan area. Multivariate analyses, adjusting for sociodemographics, were used to test the association between the frequency of sexually explicit messaging and three dimensions of sleep health: (1) sleep quality, (2) sleep duration, and (3) two aspects of sleep problems. In multivariate analyses, those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging more were more likely to report getting less than seven?hours of sleep (aRR = 1.24; 95% CI = 1.08, 1.43) compared with those who reported engaging in sexually explicit messaging less. No significant associations were found between sexting and sleep quality or reporting sleep problems. Sexually explicit messaging was associated with shorter sleep duration. Intervention targeted at individuals who sext could potentially improve sleep health outcomes.