超越现代主义与后现代主义:走向释义学的心理学

当代西方心理学中存在着现代主义和后现代主义的对立.二者在对科学的地位、心理现象的实在性和知识的建构性等方面的认识上存在着完全对立的观点.释义学的心理学为超越这两种倾向的对立提供了一种可能.在科学观、方法论方面,释义学既不同于传统的科学主义,也不同于后现代主义的社会建构论,它为心理学指出了一个新的发展方向.     

论中国检察文化的特色——中西检察文化的比较

运用比较研究的方法,分析中西方检察文化,结果表明:检察文化既包括检察规范、检察制度、检察组织机构和设施等表层结构,又包括检察心理、检察意识和检察思想体系等深层结构.尽管中国的检察制度受西方检察制度的影响颇深,但还是具有着中国自身的文化特征.     

Land Loss Among the Hispanos of Northern New Mexico

Abstract

There has been little exploration of the psychological impact of land loss and displacement on American minority populations. What little there is, is evident in research on Native Americans. Virtually absent from the mental health literature is research on the psychological processes of land loss and the coping strategies employed by the Hispanos of Northern New Mexico. Hispanos received land grants by the Spanish and Mexican governments beginning in the 17th century. Living in Northern New Mexico for many years, this author observed negative emotions regarding land loss within the Hispano community. Such observations were reinforced by the continued appearance of local and national newspaper articles on land grant activism and litigation in Northern New Mexico and annual commemoration of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, a document drafted at the end of the Mexican American War in 1848, upholding the rights of Hispanos to the possession of land grants. Such observations led this writer to initiate a pilot survey that would capture current Hispano feelings regarding land loss. The hypothesis guiding this investigation was that Hispanos in Northern New Mexico would express negative emotions when discussing land loss. Six Hispanos were purposefully recruited. Some claimed fifth or sixth generation of Hispano Northern New Mexican ancestry. A survey questionnaire in English was generated by the researcher and normed with a local Hispano. It included demographic items and open ended questions on acculturation, language, land grants, and land loss. Overall findings described sadness, anger, loss, resentment of outsiders, and dishonor. Responses also elicited feelings of injustice, loyalty to the land and domination by the Euroamerican culture. Collapsed responses revealed two concepts, encroachment by the Euroamerican culture and the Federal government, and class conflict within the Hispano community. Implications for such findings include various coping behaviors needing more investigation and future research that will generate relevant clinical theory and motivate public policy in the interest of Hispanos.     

论语文审美素质的养成

审美素质的养成的前提条件是审美心理建构,主要体现在审美心理形式和内容的建构。语文教学和审美教育有着十分紧密的关系,要在语文教学中把握审美因素,发现其中的美。审美素质的养成应该通过审美人生教育的实践来实现。     

论心理学中人际关系建立和发展的影响因素

人际关系的发生和变化取决于双方社会需要满足的程度,有其特定的发生、发展及变化的过程,也存在影响其建立、发展的因素及条件。掌握这些心理学提供的影响因素和内外部条件对建立良好的人际关系、正常发展友谊具有非常重要的现实意义。     

是从情感研究视角看积极心理学思潮

积极心理学是当代较有影响的心理学思潮，它的出现一定程度上暗合了人本主义的理念。积极是积极心理学的价值核心。从情感研究的视角看，积极心理学以更多地探究如何产生积极的情绪体验为研究导向，因此，主观幸福感成为积极心理学研究的重要内容。凡是能够对情绪情感产生影响的因素，都可以归入内驱力系统、主体自身的特质、客体的特质三个维度中，也都可能对主观幸福感产生影响。     

生态知觉理论在景观设计中的应用

通过对生态知觉理论的剖析,从环境的提供、人的先天本能两个角度来阐述人和环境的互动关系,并把这种生态知觉理论应用于景观设计中,提出如何作为环境的提供者和如何满足和限制人的先天本能。     

从谚语看凹型日本文化的语言心理*

谚语古今流传，寓意深刻，往往会被人们认为是思维的依据和行为的准则，同时也生动地体现了该民族的文化。将日本人熟知的“伊吕波纸牌”中出现的谚语加以归纳分析，从内向、忍耐、注重现实意义、注重集体主义四个方面分析了凹型日本民族文化的语言心理。     

从颠覆到重建--《西游降魔篇》对《大话西游》的反转见证对核心价值的诉求

《大话西游》、《西游降魔篇》可以分别被视为20世纪90年代和21世纪初中国社会意识形态和大众心理的镜像。作为20世纪90年代最引人注目的文化现象之一,《大话西游》引发了一场从语言表达方式到价值取向上的话语革命。它的影响渗透到大众的日常生活,改变了一代人的思维方式、心灵结构、生活态度。而20年后出现的《西游降魔篇》,则是一场在《大话西游》解构后的废墟上试图重建社会道德、理想、信念、信仰的努力,原先在《大话西游》中被拆解的价值,在此片中又被重新确认其意义。从《西游降魔篇》到《大话西游》在价值取向上的这种反转,极富象征性地体现出近20年来中国社会心态由解构到建构,由颠覆到重建,由价值虚无到价值期待的变化。     

Synergists and Qualities Salient to Low-Income Parents' Positive Assessment of Marital Health

Researchers sought low-income couples who considered their marriages to be “good or very good” to inform the process of how individuals and their partners establish and maintain a healthy marriage under significant financial limitations. Twenty married parents participated in semistructured interviews that sought their insights into backgrounds and antecedents that impacted their own and their partners' development and current positive marital assessment. Analysis using grounded theory methods generated a model that posits synergists enhancing the development of qualities that contributed to spouses' positive assessments. The four synergists were sensitizing experiences, a partner-as-rescuer mind-set, acute parental influences, and religious influences. The four requisite high-priority qualities associated with these synergists were love, commitment, appreciation, and child-centeredness.