A single-session positive cognitive intervention on first-year students’ mental health: Short-term effectiveness and the mediating role of strengths knowledge

Abstract

Objective: To better understand the effectiveness of a single-session positive cognitive intervention and uncover the possible mechanisms. Participants: Participants were 79 first-year students (aged 17–21) who volunteered for the intervention during the 2016 fall semester. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned into the intervention group and the control group. All participants completed pretest, post-test, 1 week, and 3-month follow-up tests. Thriving, negative emotional states, strengths knowledge were assessed. Results: Results showed significant increases of thriving in the intervention group at post-test and after 1 week, and significant decreases of negative emotions at the post-test and after 1 week and 3 months. Strengths knowledge fully mediated the intervention effect on thriving at post-test. Conclusions: The single-session positive cognitive intervention could be a responsive and effective approach to promote first-year students mental health. More attention should be paid to mechanisms of the single-session positive cognitive intervention so as to optimize the effects of the single-session positive cognitive intervention.     

高校学报青年编辑职业困惑的认知调适

认知改变是重要的心理调节办法之一。青年编辑应调整职业认知偏差,正确看待高校学报编辑职业：编辑为他人做“嫁衣”的同时也可为自己做“嫁衣”,学报编辑工作过程是参与研究的过程,高校学报编辑部是青年编辑成长的极佳平台。青年编辑应克服消极职业心理,追求个人理想与社会理想的统一。     

论PBL教学模式与“认知心理具身”关照下的口语教学

PBL教学模式是一个信息的获取以及使用操作时的认知过程,也是学习者主动的认知心理过程。在实际的口语教学中应充分考虑到学生的认知心理问题。＂认知心理具身＂是一种抽象的空间关系的表征,实际上包含着认知技能和＂心理具身＂两个层面。有效的口语教学需要教师和口语学习者通过空间联系、行为意识和诊断效度3个要素加强认知技能和＂心理具身＂的有效结合。因此在实际的口语教学过程中,只有加强这些要素的有机结合,才能更有效地促进学生口语能力的提高。     

“电视相亲热”现象的社会心理分析

随着《非诚勿扰》等节目的持续热播,一种新的相亲形式——电视相亲,出现在人们的生活中。电视相亲热的原因是多方面的,主要有迫于压力,不得不去相亲;摆脱心理不适,自愿相亲;电视相亲是手段之一等。根据电视相亲热的现状和原因,可以从调整心态,心理健康;拓宽交际,增加机会;理性看待,变更标准;对于现状,平常心看待等方面,理性地看待电视相亲热。     

大学生健康心理的培养

大学生的心理健康问题已成为社会与高校非常关注的焦点。本文分析了当代大学生心理健康的评价标准,提出了提高大学生心理健康水平的建议与措施,对大学生的心理健康培养有一定指导意义。     

生态心理学视阈下的马斯洛需要层次理论探微

作为人本主义心理学的理论观点之一,由美国心理学家马斯洛以健康人的人格发展为研究内容提出的需要层次理论,自诞生之日起,便为多门学科广泛应用。生态心理学是运用生态学的视角与方法,通过揭示人和环境的交互关系来研究、解释和预测现实生活中的行为和心理现象的一种应用心理学研究新取向。将生态心理学的理论逻辑应用到马斯洛需要层次理论中,从社会一有机体一生态的新视角诠释这一需要层次理论,以促进该理论对社会生态文明的新贡献。     

浅谈心理学与人文关怀在临床肿瘤学教学中的意义

随着肿瘤发病率的逐渐升高和诊治水平的提高,临床肿瘤学的教育显得越发重要,本人就肿瘤学的教学现状,结合目前肿瘤疾病诊治过程中的特点,浅谈心理学与人文学在临床肿瘤教学过程中的重要性.     

Event frequency,excitement and desire to gamble,among pathological gamblers

In this study we compared gambling behaviour of 15 pathological gamblers (PG) and 15 non-problem gamblers (NPG) on two conditions of a commercially available slot machine. One condition used a commercially available two-second event frequency (games per minute), while the other condition used an experimental three-second event frequency. The payback percentage (wins relative to losses) and reward frequency (wins over number of games played) varied randomly across conditions. The results showed that PG had significantly higher measures than NPG on time spent gambling, excitement level and desire to play again in the two-second condition. In the three-second condition there were no differences in excitement level and desire to play again. The number of PG playing the maximum time (60 minutes) was reduced in the three-second version, and reward frequency contributed to reduction in time spent gambling. The results may have implications for understanding behavioural mechanisms of pathological gambling among slot machine players.     

Developmentalism and the Rhetoric of Best Interests of the Child

Abstract

The foster care system in Australia has recently recognised the importance of encouraging lesbians and gay men to become foster carers. Whilst this may be seen as an important step towards overcoming social stereotypes that position lesbians and gay men as unfit parents, I propose that foster care public policy in Australia is shaped by a number of key assumptions that effectively exclude lesbian and gay foster parents. In particular, I focus on how the logic of developmentalism [where children are assumed to follow a (hetero)normative developmental pathway] and the rhetoric of best interests of the child (within which a particular moral framework is employed to judge who can and who cannot protect children) work to recenter a normative understanding of families and parenting that encourages lesbians and gay parents to adopt a heterosexual model of parenting.