质量标准及评价体系的构建——以独立学院学生成绩管理为例

从独立学院自身特点出发,分析了独立学院建立成绩质量标准及评价体系的特殊性、重要性和可行性,结合现代教务管理理念,提出了由成绩结构质量、更改质量、管理质量、信息公开质量四部分构成的质量标准及评价体系,便于从学生成绩的视角实时监控和掌握当前的教学状态。     

Advancing scientific knowledge through participatory action research

This paper aims to demonstrate the value of participatory action research (PAR) for advancing scientific knowledge as well as for solving practical problems. The article supports the argument through brief summaries of three PAR cases in industry: Norwegian shipping, Xerox Corporation, and the FAGOR group of the Mondragón cooperatives. While noting the practical gains achieved through PAR, the author concentrates particularly on the advances in substantive knowledge and theory that would have been unlikely to emerge out of more orthodox sociological research. The author suggests finally that wider use of participatory action research can have a stimulating effect upon the future development of sociology.     

关于建国初期留苏教育的历史考察

建国初期我国先后向苏联派出了12018名留学生,他们分布在苏联220多所大学的40多个专业学习。在强调严格政治、业务标准和管理的同时,留苏教育还体现了根据需要确定专业、多渠道派遣的特点。由于历史条件的局限,派遣工作也存在着派出国单一、过分强调政治标准的弊端。     

黑色石英晶体光泽度标准板的研制

本文成功地研制出大块优质掺杂石英晶体;经γ射线幅照赋色并经色心转型,获得全黑色心石英晶体;经高精度光学加工后制成大块新型光泽度标准板。性能考核表明,其物化性质明显优于国际采用的黑色光学玻璃一级光泽度标准板。     

Role of the Standard Deviation in the Estimation of Benchmark Doses with Continuous Data

For continuous data, risk is defined here as the proportion of animals with values above a large percentile, e.g., the 99th percentile or below the 1st percentile, for the distribution of values among control animals. It is known that reducing the standard deviation of measurements through improved experimental techniques will result in less stringent (higher) doses for the lower confidence limit on the benchmark dose that is estimated to produce a specified risk of animals with abnormal levels for a biological effect. Thus, a somewhat larger (less stringent) lower confidence limit is obtained that may be used as a point of departure for low-dose risk assessment. It is shown in this article that it is important for the benchmark dose to be based primarily on the standard deviation among animals, s(a), apart from the standard deviation of measurement errors, s(m), within animals. If the benchmark dose is incorrectly based on the overall standard deviation among average values for animals, which includes measurement error variation, the benchmark dose will be overestimated and the risk will be underestimated. The bias increases as s(m) increases relative to s(a). The bias is relatively small if s(m) is less than one-third of s(a), a condition achieved in most experimental designs.     

FT－时间频率标准装置的误差来源及其测量

本文主要分析了自行研制的ＦＴ－时间频率标准装置各组成部分的误差来源以及这些误差的测量．     

知识体系与高等教育质量评价

高等教育质量的提出 ,与中国社会主义市场经济的发展相关 ,与教育体系的新范式、新模式的出现相关 ,与受教育者对教育投资发展绩效的追求相关 ,与各自高校发展的经济利益可否持续发展、竞争力可否提升相关 ,而所有这一切的需求评价 ,导致教育质量评价及评价体系的创新性新建构成为一个时代的焦点 ,而这个焦点的一切问题的解决都应以知识体系的结构评价为主体。     

苯甲酸甲基衍生物气相标准生成焓的估算

苯甲酸甲基衍生物的气相标准生成焓与取代基的初级效应、次级效应和障碍点有关.本文确立了估算苯甲酸甲基衍生物的气相标准生成焓的新模型.计算值与实验值相吻合,相关系数 r≥0.990.     

学术规范与人才培养

在当今学术界,学术失范是一种不容忽视的现象,这对高校人才培养是十分不利的.遵守学术规范,维护学术道德,纯化学术环境,方能培养出栋梁之才.为此,要切实加强职业道德与事业责任感教育,按照规范要求对学生进行严格训练,同时相应改革高校学术评估体系与相关体制.     

四川民族教育的需求和支付能力分析

四川民族教育供给还远不能满足需求.从规模上讲,不能满足普及九年义务教育的需要;从质量上讲,无论是硬件还是软件,均不能满足教育需求;从结构上看,教育结构单一,职业教育、成人教育起点低、规模小、基础差,举步维艰,发展相对滞后.民族教育的发展,要在规模、质量和结构上满足民族地区发展的需要,就必须加大教育投入.