Maternal Autonomy- and Connectedness-oriented Parenting Behaviors as Predictors of Children's Social Behaviors in China

The purpose of the study was to examine the contributions of maternal encouragement of autonomy and maternal encouragement of connectedness to the prediction of children's social behaviors. A sample of children (N  =  94), initially aged two years, and their mothers in China participated in the two-year longitudinal study. Child autonomy and connectedness and maternal goal-oriented behaviors were assessed at two years of age through the observation of mother–child interactions. Data on children's social participation, prosocial behavior, aggression, and organization/leadership in peer interactions were collected in a follow-up study when the children were four years of age. It was found that maternal encouragement of connectedness significantly predicted children's sociability and organization/leadership behavior, especially for children who were relatively high on autonomy. The results indicated the developmental significance of socialization goal-oriented behaviors in cultural context.     

积极开发生态童装 提升中国制造童装国际竞争力

随着人们健康意识及环保意识的不断增强,健康、安全的生态童装日益受到关注。为避免出口童装被通报召回等贸易摩擦事件的发生,我国童装生产企业应结合相关国际童装安全标准,对童装进行科学设计并选用绿色环保的面料及辅料,以促进生态童装的研发以及提升中国制造的童装在国际市场的竞争力。     

幼儿社会性发展研究述评

作为构成幼儿个体发展的三大主题之一的社会性发展,是幼儿身心和谐发展的重要方面。从幼儿社会性发展的内涵与价值、发展水平、影响因素及培养策略等方面进行梳理,其中幼儿社会性发展的影响因素及培养策略研究主要集中于家庭、幼儿园和同伴三个方面。发现已有研究尚存在不足,有待于进一步深化和拓展。     

社会退缩幼儿的社会性发展特点及教育建议

社会性发展是儿童全面发展的重要组成部分,良好的社会性发展水平不仅有利于个体的社会适应,也有利于个体间人际关系的和谐。社会退缩幼儿在人际交往中被动甚至回避,使其失去发展社会能力的机会,教师在教育教学活动中以提高退缩幼儿的人际交往能力和社会适应能力为目标来改善退缩幼儿社会性发展不良状况。     

农村幼儿早期阅读现状及解决对策

早期阅读是学前时期幼儿通过绘画、文字、色彩、倾听等多种方式认知、探索世界的重要学习方式之一。通过阅读幼儿能够了解、认知世界,开阔幼儿的视野,对幼儿口头表达能力、记忆力、观察力、思维力有很大的提高。同时,为幼儿社会生活适应能力打下一定的基础。在与农村幼儿园教师、家长的长期接触中发现：家、园对于阅读并不是太过注重,只是作为一些环节补充,可有可无,这种不利局面应该得到关注及改善。本文对农村幼儿早期阅读现状进行了解,分析出幼儿早期阅读易出现的误区表现为：阅读方式的不合理、阅读过程的不科学、阅读内容的不全面等问题。应营造阅读氛围、引起阅读兴趣、培养幼儿阅读技能、养成良好阅读习惯、贴近生活,注重延伸及时鼓励表扬幼儿等是解决对策。     

如何对区域活动中的幼儿进行评价

幼儿园区域活动是幼儿获取知识技能、体验生活的一种幼儿教育形式,它通过为幼儿提供熟悉的活动环境和材料,促进幼儿主动参与活动、自主选择、合作交流和勇于探索,达到个人素质逐步提高的目的。区域活动中孩子以小组或个人的形式自由观察、探索、操作、摆弄,以获得自身的快乐和小成就为目的。区域活动中幼儿的行为,能表现出幼儿在活动中的情绪、操作技能、认知基础、社会性发展等多方面的状态。幼儿的活动离不开教师的有效观察和适时介入,只有教师能正确看待幼儿的活动行为,客观评价幼儿活动状态,才能真正支持幼儿发展。     

A Comparison of Topography-based and Selection-based Verbal Behavior in Typically Developed Children and Developmentally Disabled Persons with Autism

This study is a replication of Sundberg and Sundberg (1990) that compared topography-based verbal behavior with selection-based verbal behavior in terms of acquisition, accuracy, and testing for the emergence of a new verbal relation. Participants were three typical children and three developmentally disabled persons with autism. The study sought to determine which paradigm (topography-based or selection-based) resulted in more rapid acquisition of tacts and intraverbals, which was associated with the fewest errors, and which paradigm resulted in the emergence of the highest number of new verbal relations. The results of the study showed that the six participants performed quite differently from one another. Most importantly, the results from the person with autism contradicted previous findings favoring selection-based verbal behavior over topography-based approaches for teaching verbal behavior to low-functioning individuals.     

孤残儿童的机构照顾与社会融合

机构照顾是我国目前孤残儿童福利服务的主要模式,对孤残儿童的衣、食、住、行、医有了较全面的保障,并为这些特殊儿童提供了安全、健康的集体环境。但随着我国改革开放的不断深入,儿童福利照顾的理念和照顾模式也在发生新的变革,跟很多发达国家的发展经历相似,在照顾模式中,改革、变化的趋势是:从大机构到小机构的转变,从机构照顾到家庭寄养和家庭收养模式的转变。本文重点探讨国外孤残儿童机构照顾的实践及其反思,以及我国孤残儿童机构照顾模式存在的问题,特别在社会融合方面存在的缺陷。试图分析孤残儿童走向社会融合的可能途径,并以上海市儿童福利院为例,从现实操作层面来看这些途径的有效性。     

研究儿童特性 提高训练质量

面临我国目前独生子女多的国情,为使我国足球事业后继有人,足球教练面临的课题是如何深入研究儿童生理、心理特点,合理安排训练方式、内容,以提高训练质量。