Sourcing with Deferred Payment and Inspection under Supplier Product Adulteration Risk

We study the deferred payment and inspection mechanisms for mitigating supplier product adulteration, with endogenous procurement decision and general defect discovery process. We first derive the optimal deferred payment contract, which reveals that either entire or partial deferral can arise, depending on the moral hazard severity and the information accumulation rate. Because of the supplier's incentive to adulterate, the optimal procurement quantity under deferred payment generally is smaller than the first‐best quantity. We then investigate the inspection mechanism and characterize the equilibrium. We find that under the inspection mechanism, the optimal procurement quantity is no less than the first best. A comparison between these two mechanisms shows that the deferred payment mechanism generally can outperform the inspection mechanism when either the market size is small or the profit margin is low. However, we find that these two mechanisms can also be complementary, for which we characterize a necessary condition.     

工伤保险赔偿责任研究 ——以劳务派遣用工为切入点

劳务派遣作为一种灵活的用工形式,受到我国各类用人单位的青睐和广泛运用。2013年《劳动合同法》修订弥补了我国劳务派遣制度上的不足,但由于起步时间较晚,加上制度的复杂性,存在工伤赔偿制度的责任划分不清晰、工伤保险待遇先行支付具体操作存在困难、异地劳务派遣工伤保险制度执行不明确等方面的问题。我国需要从确立《劳动合同法》中派遣单位与用工单位的具体责任分担制度、完善劳务派遣工伤待遇先行支付规定、明确异地保险制度相关规定等方面入手,进一步完善工伤保险制度在劳务派遣用工中的适用,有效保护被派遣劳动者的合法权益。     

Payment by results in international development: Evidence from the first decade

Payment by results is a relatively new way of giving development aid, where a recipient's performance against pre‐agreed measures determines the amount of aid they receive. Advocates for the mechanism argue it provides donors with both a ready justification for maintaining aid budgets and better results through innovation and autonomy. It has proved popular, with most bilateral aid donors having at least experimented with the mechanism and the variety of measures stretching from individual health workers being paid for each procedure, to national governments being paid for students' test scores. However, there has not been a robust assessment of whether Payment By Results (PbR) achieves its aims for greater effectiveness. I synthesize the evidence from eight projects fully or partially funded by DFID, the recognized world leader on PbR. This represents the best evidence currently available, and is critically analysed using the leading theoretical framework that breaks each agreement into its constituent parts. I find no evidence that PbR leads to fundamentally more innovation or autonomy, with the overall range of success and failure broadly similar to other aid projects. This may partly be due to the current use of Payment by Results, with no readily identifiable examples of projects that truly meet the idealized PbR designs. Advocates of PbR may thus conclude the idea is yet to be tested. I argue PbR does not deal with the fundamental constraints that donors face, and so it is unsurprising that PbR is subject to the normal pressures that affect all aid spending.     

农村人均消费的影响因素分析——基于2000—2009年数据的实证检验

我国经济发展面临着较大的结构转型压力,如何实现经济增长由主要依靠投资、出口拉动向依靠消费、投资、出口转变,国内的消费需求尤其是农村居民消费需求是关键。因此,探讨影响我国农村居民消费的相关因素对刺激我国消费的增长具有重要意义。采用计量模型对2000—2009年影响我国农村人均消费的相关因素进行回归分析认为,影响农村人均消费的主要因素为农村人均纯收入、政府对农村的人均转移支付、利率和货币供给。政府和农村居民都应积极采取措施促进农村人均消费。     

并购企业支付方式选择与内部控制、资本结构——基于logistic回归模型的实证研究

以2008—2010年间沪市上市公司的922起并购案例为研究样本,通过logistic回归方法,实证分析了内部控制水平、资本结构对并购支付方式选择产生的影响。研究发现：与现金支付相比,资产负债率越低,股权支付的可能性越大;内部控制水平越低,股权支付的可能性越小。内部控制水平与资本结构对资产支付及其他支付方式（以混合支付为主）影响不显著。     

评我国的分税制改革

本文对试行了两年的分税制财政管理体制作了充分的肯定,认为分税制改革是财政体制积极适应市场经济体制的一种内在的改革,具有深远的意义,同时指出现行分税制是由财政包干制转向分税制的过渡性体制,尚不是规范的、严格意义上的分税制。最后提出完善分税制应当在转变政府职能并界定政府职能和职责范围的基础上,调整中央政府与地方政府的事权与财权,建立规范化、制度化的转移支付制度。     

所有权保留制度若干问题探讨--以分期付款买卖为视角?

我国现行民法所有权保留制度只是确立了一个原则,在实际应用中需要具体问题具体分析。首先,就不动产分期付款买卖而言,并不会存在所谓的所有权保留,出卖人为担保自身价款债权的实现,不能直接就所有权的移转附加条件,仅能就出卖人（协助）登记义务的履行附加条件。其次,在我国不承认物权行为独立性的立法背景下,所有权保留条款并不是一个附条件的法律行为,而是买卖合同当中关于移转标的物所有权的相关条款附有条件,保留所有权本身就是法律行为的一部分。最后,在我国物权法规定的不动产物权变动模式下,不动产不存在适用所有权保留的可能性。     

我国义务教育经费投入的规模与结构分析

因政府间财力分配与教育事权划分的不对称,我国教育财力在三级教育间的支出结构严重失调,义务教育经费短缺的矛盾十分突出。同时,在区域经济差距不断扩大的背景下,随着基础教育管理体制分权化改革的推进,义务教育经费投入的区域差异呈明显扩大趋势。因此,应通过提升义务教育公共投资主体的重心,强化中央和省级财政对义务教育发展的事权职责,实施义务教育财政转移支付等途径,促进义务教育的优先与协调发展。     

公共财政服务中的城乡一体化建设

农村公共财政作为我国农村公共服务体系建设中的重要组成部分,对于推进城乡一体化建设有重要作用。＂十一五＂以来,我国城乡公共服务均等化取得了一定的成效,但是在财权与事权的匹配、财政转移支付制度、地方财政支出结构及乡镇政府自身主动服务的职能等方面仍尚待完善。     

农村居民大病保险基金运行的可持续性研究

基于江苏省五市的实地调研数据,先从基金筹集和补偿支付两个方面对农村居民大病保险基金的运行状况进行了分析和评价,而后分别从静态角度考察了农村居民大病保险基金运行对新农合制度的影响和从动态角度测算了农村居民大病保险制度可持续运行的资金需求。研究发现:未来五年内样本地区新农合基金将相继发生当期结余和累计结余赤字,继续利用新农合基金购买大病保险的办法是不可持续的,因此也无法实现大病保险制度的可持续运行。基于此,研究从拓宽农村居民大病保险基金筹集渠道和优化补偿政策两个方面对农村居民大病保险基金的可持续发展提出了针对性对策建议。