人际功能与汉语三身代词的"转指"用法

汉语中经常出现三身代词变换指称对象的情形.以前学者对这种现象做过一些研究.本文在前人研究的基础上,试图用Halliday人际功能理论对这种现象加以解释.     

个人健康医疗信息和隐私权保护

个人健康医疗信息是个人信息的组成部分,是可以用于识别主体的符号,个人健康医疗信息的控制权为生成者所拥有。个人健康医疗信息的综合性使其价值高于单一的个人信息。个人健康医疗信息控制权丧失后,具有不可回复性。个人健康医疗信息的控制权、管理权、使用权可适当分离。隐私权是一项独立的人格权。为了维护公共利益,个人隐私权应当适度克减;同时,政府具有保护个人健康医疗信息的义务。     

Direct Inference, Probability, and a Conceptual Gulf in Risk Communication

Differences in the conceptual frameworks of scientists and nonscientists may create barriers to risk communication. This article examines two such conceptual problems. First, the logic of "direct inference" from group statistics to probabilities about specific individuals suggests that individuals might be acting rationally in refusing to apply to themselves the conclusions of regulatory risk assessments. Second, while regulators and risk assessment scientists often use an "objectivist" or "relative frequency" interpretation of probability statements, members of the public are more likely to adopt a "subjectivist" or "degree of confidence" interpretation when estimating their personal risks, and either misunderstand or significantly discount the relevance of risk assessment conclusions. If these analyses of inference and probability are correct, there may be a conceptual gulf at the center of risk communication that cannot be bridged by additional data about the magnitude of group risk. Suggestions are made for empirical studies that might help regulators deal with this conceptual gulf.     

论自然人属人法及其历史发展趋势

文章认为 ,自然人属人法就是与一个自然人有密切关系的、持久地决定该人的法律关系的那个国家的法律 ,它具有三个基本特征即时间上对自然人的持久决定性、空间 (即法域 )上的密切关联性、内容上的直接的人身关联性 ;当代属人法呈现出两个明显的历史发展趋势 ,即本国法原则大为弱化 ,住所地法原则得到加强的趋势和传统的属人法领域受最密切联系原则影响越来越广泛和深入的趋势。这两种发展趋势事实上深深影响了我国国际私法中的自然人属人法制度     

Intergroup Behaviour and Ethnicity: A Social Psychological Perspective

Humans exist not only as unique individuals, but also as members of social groups that are formed on the basis of ethnicity, gender, age and so forth. Reflecting this duality are interpersonal and intergroup modes of behaviour, respectively. Thus, humans can act in terms of their personal self and treat others as individuals (interpersonal behaviour); they can also act in terms of group membership and relate to others as members of this or that group (intergroup behaviour). In a mixed marriage, for example, the couple's behaviour toward each other is ‘normally’ interpersonal, but can become intergroup when war breaks out between their respective ethnic groups. Contrary to common sense, factors more minimal than a war are often sufficient to trigger intergroup behaviour. Indeed, seemingly interpersonal encounters are in fact intergroup. How does behaviour shift from interpersonal to intergroup, and with what consequences? To address these questions, I outline a social psychological perspective based on social identity theory and conclude with a discussion on the enigmas of ethnicity.     

信托受益权:物权?债权?抑或新权利?

信托受益权性质一直存在争议,归纳起来有债权说、复合权利说、新权利说等不同观点。上述学说虽然有一定的合理性,但都存在可商榷之处。从实然层面和应然层面分析,信托受益权应定位于物权。信托受益权标的物的不特定性与受益人给付请求权存在的事实不能作为否认信托受益权为物权的当然理由,而且作为一种特殊物权,信托受益权并不违反物权法定原则和一物一权主义。     

个人信息的民法保护

随着人们对个人信息价值的认识不断深化,传统条件下的立法主要针对隐私利益给以保护的模式越来越不能满足人们对个人信息利益保护的要求,个人信息财产属性的彰显使得人们需要法律对个人信息积极利用的权利加以保护。计算机技术的快速发展使得人们越来越难以控制自己的信息。因而迫切需要从原有的对隐私利益的消极被动的保护模式过渡到全面积极的个人信息保护模式。     

汉英社交指示语的语用对比分析

首先概述了社交指示语的概念、国内外研究概况,接着陈述了汉英礼貌原则并以此为理论依据,从人称指示、称呼语、敬语谦词三个方面分析了汉英社交指示语的异同。指出了跨文化交际中应当重视社交指示语的用法差异,以使交际顺畅进行。     

刑法解释体制探微

成文法系传统导致刑法解释权仅仅由国家机关垄断,解释者被限定在有限的范围内。一元解释体制是对解释的误读,不仅造成司法解释与事实认定之间的巨大鸿沟,也使刑法适用结果与公众期许相悖,导致法律解释成为文本的附庸。中国的刑事司法适用只有将法官的个人因素与公众情感纳入考量范围,通过合理的路径,才能实现刑法解释的真正合理化。     

礼貌原则视域下人称指示偏离的语用意义——化妆品广告语篇解读

以人称语法层面与交际活动中对象指称层面的关系为基点,通过化妆品广告语篇这一载体,探讨隐于人称偏离背后的种种语用目的与意义,发现人称偏离对品牌商家产品广告语篇的解读具有特殊的意义,无论是彰显发话人权威还是拉近读者心理距离等,都是为了实现礼貌意义和化妆品广告的功能语旨,说服潜在消费者产生购买的意愿并付诸行动.