关于考试管理与人格培养的思考

随着社会制度的不断进步,考试已成为一种不可或缺的检控工具;通过考试对受试者所做出的评价,已成为社会对各种不同人群进行分类、对各种技能学习水平进行评定、甚至成为关乎众多人群生存方式与职业机会的一种重要指标。考试在整个教育中的科学性、严谨性、系统性建设会直接影响到社会意识、社会风气、素质标准的走向。文章分析了考试对人格培养所带来的各种影响,对人群各种素质提高所起的利弊作用,以及提出了如何从制度和管理上进行改善的思考。     

近代转型时期西欧市民的人格建构

在近代转型时期,西欧市民的人格力量对于欧洲社会发展方向和文化的价值取向起到了决定性的作用。本文认为欧洲近代转型时期市民人格的建设,不仅是近代新经济、新文化发展的结果,同时,欧洲社会几千年历史沉淀的人文主义思想、普世的宗教观,为近代理性主义精神提供了浓厚的文化与社会基础。     

实施高校素质教育之我见

搞好高校改革关键在于实施素质教育,首先要塑造学生健康的人格,注重培养学生敏锐的观察力、丰富的想像力、极强的综合思维能力和精湛的实验技巧;同时,合理有效地安排课程结构,建立一支具有强烈社会责任感、高尚职业道德、丰富专业知识的教师队伍也是搞好高校教改的关键。     

日本近代“道德”、“伦理”概念的变迁

道德、伦理是伦理学中的核心概念,但在思想史上,东西方关于道德、伦理的规定存在显著差异。近代西学东渐后,东方民族在道德、伦理概念的理解上经历了拒斥、接受、修正、融合的曲折过程。日本近代思想界对道德、伦理概念进行了一系列的适应性改造,使其最终融合了东方文化传统和西方现代思想。     

从“上善若水”看老子的理想人格

以水为喻是先秦思想家的一个共同思维特点。相比先秦时期的其他思想家,老子对水的认识是比较深刻的。他不是简单地用水这个喻体来比附其理想人格,而是从水的特性中寻找出其内在规律和逻辑关系,以水为脉建构起了自己的理想人格。     

大学生阶段性成长在人格结构学说层面上的思考和对策

文章将大学生在校时期的成长划分为三阶段,并根据三阶段的特点,分别从本我、自我、超我三个哲学层面来思考大学生成长的阶段性需求,呼吁从心理个性发展的轨迹出发,促进大学生顺利完成从大学生存阶段到理想认定阶段的成长。     

Borderline Personality Disorder Across the Life Span

SUMMARY

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by affective dysregulation, intense, unstable interpersonal relationships, impulsivity and unstable identity. It overlaps considerably with both PTSD and bipolar spectrum disorders. Research on true late-life BPD is limited, but suggests that some of the core features of BPD including interpersonal difficulties, unstable affect and anger remain relatively unchanged, while impulsivity and identity disturbance decline or change their mode of expression in late life. Diagnosis of BPD in late life requires flexible application of the standard diagnostic criteria as well as a thorough longitudinal history. The etiology of BPD is best explained as a combination of genetic, neurobiological vulnerability combined with childhood trauma, abuse or neglect that leads to dysregulated emotions, distorted cognitions, social skills deficits, and few adaptive coping strategies. Treatment options include pharmacotherapy (especially mood stabilizers, SSRIs and atypical antipsychotics) and psychotherapeutic interventions that focus on distress tolerance, affective regulation, changing distorted beliefs, and introducing new social and relationship problem-solving skills (especially Dialectical Behavior Therapy and Schema Focused Cognitive Therapy). In late-life care environments, such as nursing homes and other residential facilities, staff need to be empowered to set appropriate limits on problematic behavior while maintaining empathy and validating the painful affect patients often experience.     

Interpersonal Dependency Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse in Therapy

ABSTRACT

This study investigated dependency in survivors of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). The Interpersonal Dependency Inventory (IDI) was administered at intake to 24 men and 85 women seen in therapy at a university-based community mental health clinic. In contrast to findings from earlier studies, no significant gender differences were obtained for IDI whole-scale or subscale scores. Analyses comparing CSA IDI scores with the IDI scores of previously studied groups indicated that among women, CSA survivors obtained higher dependency scores than non-CSA psychiatric patients, community adults, and college students. Findings for men were less consistent. Follow-up analyses revealed that commonly investigated CSA characteristics were unrelated to survivors' dependency scores. Implications of these findings for future research and clinical practice are explored.     

俄汉词汇文化伴随意义的差异探析

俄汉两个古老民族的语言以其丰富的文化底蕴,成为世界语言中的宝贵一员。比较俄汉两种语言中词汇文化伴随意义的差异,有助于加深对俄汉两种语言的认识,更深刻体会俄汉两个民族所具有的文化个性,克服跨文化交际障碍,从而获得交际能力的提高。