诗意的“外化”与“内化”——传统文化对犯人人格改造的价值

文化改造将会取代劳动改造，成为犯人改造的主流方法。依照文化解释的手法去“教育”犯人，重塑犯人文化人格，将对其教育改造开辟新的有效路径。一是用“外化”“入世”的理想人格确立其积极进取的人生价值取向；二是用“内化”“出世”的人格精神使其淡泊名利、顺其自然并懂得接纳与珍惜，以净化心灵；三是用诗歌小说戏剧的美学人格打造诗意的人格理想。如此，犯人的灵魂改造可以获得更大的成功     

马克思主义哲学中的中西方文化互动

20世纪20年代前后,现代中国对马克思主义的接受是有其深刻的文化背景的.改变旧世界缔造新世界的时代要求与马克思主义所蕴含的斗争精神相呼应,马克思主义唯物论与辩证法与中国智慧不谋而合,马克思主义所勾画的人类未来与中国人的社会理想相近似,正是植根于文化深层的相互尊重、理解、宽容与共存,马克思主义逐步走进中国人的精神深处.马克思主义与中国文化的互渗、融合,必将随着人类社会历史的发展而发展.     

大学生思想政治教育与公民人格塑造研究

公民人格塑造是社会主义民主政治发展的本质要求。思想政治教育在塑造大学生公民人格方面发挥着重要的作用,它能够帮助大学生提高公民意识,培育公民潜意识和塑造公民行为模式。要充分发挥思想政治教育这一功能就必须在研究公民人格结构的基础上形成系统的灌输指导、陶冶领悟、组织参与的公民人格塑造模式。     

论《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫？》的遗弃意识

被抛弃的恐惧和害怕孤独是心理学中边缘性人格障碍的特点之一。《谁害怕弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫？》中的玛莎就是这样一个害怕被抛弃而经常通过各种刺激性行为和物质滥用来排遣空虚孤独感的人物。这里从玛莎被父母抛弃、被俄狄浦斯化的儿子——乔治抛弃以及被幻想出来的儿子——吉姆抛弃三方面着手进行剖析,用以揭露剧中玛莎的被遗弃感。     

岛崎藤村《家》中“种”的人物形象解读

岛崎藤村是日本自然主义代表作家,《家》是其自然主义作品之一。主人公"种"身为木曾马笼旧驿站老板小泉家的长女,嫁与门当户对的福岛镇药材批发店的桥本达雄为妻。"种"性格刚烈,年轻时为爱不顾一切;出嫁后遵从家父训诫,恪守妇道,勤俭持家,虽痛斥丈夫的不忠却愚忠旧家、夫君;信奉封建门第观念;行使代理家长的权力;反对危及传统家业的行径,是一位典型的以家长身份自居的封建伦理道德的忠实维护者。     

Heavy Episodic Drinking in College Students: Associations With Features of Psychopathy and Antisocial Personality Disorder

Abstract

Objective: This study extends the college heavy episodic drinking literature by examining the associations between features of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), on the one hand, and heavy episodic drinking and associated problem behaviors, on the other. Participants: Participants were 159 (85 male, 74 female) undergraduates from a private university. Methods: Participants completed self-report measures assessing alcohol use, frequency, and consequences of heavy episodic drinking, and personality pathology. Results: It was found that psychopathy, independent of ASPD, was related to the prediction of heavy episodic drinking frequency and problems associated with alcohol use. It was also found that the relation between traits of psychopathy and heavy episodic drinking are limited largely to the impulsive and antisocial aspects of this condition. Conclusion: These findings point to the need for further investigation of the association between psychopathy and ASPD traits and heavy episodic drinking behaviors in college students.     

Peer Substance Use Associated With the Co-occurrence of Borderline Personality Disorder Features and Drug Use Problems in College Students

Abstract

Objective: To determine if the substance use patterns of one's close friends and romantic partners would be a significant contributor to the co-occurrence of borderline personality disorder (BPD) features and drug use problems above and beyond impulsivity and negative emotionality. Participants: Participants were 2,202 undergraduates who attended a large southeastern university between 2003 and 2006. Methods: All subjects completed measures assessing the presence of BPD symptoms, drug use problems, general personality traits, and the proportion of their friends and partners who had used illicit drugs within the past 12 months. Results: The illicit drug use patterns of one's friends and romantic partners was a significant contributor to the co-occurrence of BPD features and drug use problems even when controlling for levels of impulsivity and negative emotionality. Conclusions: These findings suggest possible additional avenues for treatment focusing on helping students with BPD and drug use problems modify their social group.     

Risk Factors for Suicide in Taiwanese College Students

Objective: The authors investigated the personality characteristics, psychopathology, parenting style, and family function among Taiwanese college students with high, moderate, and low suicidal risks. Participants: The sample included 2,919 first-year college students (1,414 men, 1,505 women) from a university in Taipei, Taiwan. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire assessed domains covering demographics, personality, psychopathology, frequency of substance use, parenting style, family functioning, and suicidal behaviors. The authors used mixed models for data analysis. Results: The authors observed a positive linear trend between increased suicidal tendency and levels of neuroticism, harm avoidance, novelty seeking, psychopathology, and parenting styles of low affection, overprotection, and authoritarian controlling. Use of tobacco and alcohol and impaired family adaptation and cohesion were associated with high and moderate suicidal risks. Conclusions: Personality, psychopathology, substance use, and familial factors are important correlates of suicidal risks among college students in Taiwan. Optimal suicide prevention strategies in the college setting should incorporate the multiple facets of suicidal risks.     

人格判断的不对称：领域、解释及启示

人格判断的不对称反映了知觉者在人格判断准确性方面的个体差异,不同知觉者在同一特质内判断的准确性不对称,同一知觉者在不同特质间的判断同样不对称.由于自我知觉与他人知觉有不同的优势,加之受特质特性及判断者与判断目标关系质量的影响,人格判断的不对称具有普遍性和复杂性.研究者分别从影响判断准确性的过程、知觉者的信息性和动机性差异以及对判断目标整体评估的角度解释了不对称的成因.人格判断的不对称对于人格测量与评估、人才招聘与选拔以及处理人际冲突等方面有重要启示意义.     

Exploring the abortion problem in Canada

A scale designed to measure attraction to sexual aggression is described, based on earlier work assessing self‐reported likelihood of committing rape. This scale's associations with measures of theoretically relevant attitudes, perceptions, and behavioral inclinations are examined in comparison with briefer measures, and with a number of other scales measuring attraction to various types of sexual interactions. These include conventional sex (e.g., heterosexual intercourse), homosexuality, bondage, unconventional sex (e.g., group sex), and deviant sex (e.g., pedophilia). Data supporting the longer and shorter versions of the attraction to sexual aggression scale are presented, showing internal consistency, test‐retest reliability, and discriminant and construct validity. As well, a number of issues raised by critiques of research in this area are addressed empirically.