Daily Soil Ingestion Estimates for Children at a Superfund Site

Ingestion of contaminated soil by children may result in significant exposure to toxic substances at contaminated sites. Estimates of such exposure are based on extrapolation of short-term-exposure estimates to longer time periods. This article provides daily estimates of soil ingestion on 64 children between the ages of 1 and 4 residing at a Superfund site; these values are employed to estimate the distribution of 7-day average soil ingestion exposures (mean, 31 mg/day; median, 17 mg/day) at a contaminated site over different time periods. Best linear unbiased predictors of the 95th-percentile of soil ingestion over 7 days, 30 days, 90 days, and 365 days are 133 mg/day, 112 mg/day, 108 mg/day and 106 mg/day, respectively. Variance components estimates (excluding titanium and outliers, based on Tukey's far-out criteria) are given for soil ingestion between subjects (59 mg/day)2, between days on a subject (95 mg/day)2, and for uncertainty on a subject-day (132 mg/day)2. These results expand knowledge of potential exposure to contaminants among young children from soil ingestion at contaminated sites. They also provide basic distributions that serve as a starting point for use in Monte Carlo risk assessments.     

韩城古寨堡的起因、选址、分布、构造及功能

韩城古寨堡特色独具。由于当时严重的兵灾和匪患、独特的地形以及当地的文化氛围和经济实力,韩城村民在地势险峻且易守难攻、距离村落较近、便宜长期驻守的地方修建了众多的寨堡。这些寨堡,从时间上来看,分别在明以前、明、清初至道光、同治及其以后修建的,从形态上来讲,北部和西部山区主要是崖上型和孤岛型寨堡,城北区和城南区以及中部地区主要是崖上型和崖缘型寨堡。古寨堡在构造上由两部分组成:防御构造物和生活构造物。历史上,这些古寨堡有效地发挥了村民避难和防御敌人的作用。     

核态沸腾中汽化核心处温度时间序列的非线性分析

对典型核态沸腾传热实验中不同热流密度下汽化核心处的温度时间序列,进行了非线性研究.重建了这些温度时间序列对应的三维吸引子,从三维吸引子中求出了关联维数,并从不同热流密度下的温度时间序列中计算了其相应的最大李亚普诺夫指数.计算结果表明,汽化核心处的温度时间序列具有混沌的特征.     

WCDMA系统中业务负荷的动态分配算法

基于基站的总接收功率反映了该小区和周围小区上行链路的业务负载情况的原理,提出了宽带码分多址系统中的一种业务负荷动态分配算法。中心小区基站根据上行链路的总接收功率周期性地调整导频信号的发射功率,使得移动台在中心小区和周围小区平滑切换,从而实现业务负荷的动态分配。仿真结果证明,该算法获得了较好的效果,有效地改善了上、下行链路的呼叫阻塞率和中断掉话率。     

网络时代的翻译教育与实践

计算机的普及,因特网的发展以及网络技术的开发有力的促动了翻译实践,翻译理论教学和研究,极大地丰富了翻译学的发展空间。本文探讨翻译工作者和翻译理论研究人员如何在互联网时代掌握现代化的翻译工具,充分利用因特网的翻译资源,加快翻译网站的建设,推动翻译活动和翻译学研究的现代化进程。     

论景点翻译中的文化意象处理

绍兴旅游景点的介绍,通常富含文化意象,而译文中该如何处理这些意象又众说纷纭。此文借用“翻译目的论”,从直接保留意象、保留意象加注解、转换意象、省略意象四个角度阐述文化意象在绍兴个别景点语篇中的翻译,目的是让外国游客更直观、更好地了解绍兴的历史、人文和景观。     

从金沙"太阳神鸟"看金沙遗址文化

成都金沙遗址出土的“四鸟绕日金箔”,被学术界命名为“太阳神鸟”,它具有多重象征意义:既有自然崇拜、图腾崇拜等原始宗教寓意和神话色彩,也反映出金沙遗址文化中和谐、辨证的哲学思想和审美意识,更具有科技、历法等丰富的科学内涵。金沙“太阳神鸟”体现了金沙遗址文化的精髓和核心,也是三星堆文化的继承和发展。     

Promoting online media relations: Public relations departments’ use of Internet in the UAE

This paper discusses the use of Internet by public relations departments in the United Arab Emirates, to reach their key publics online and to gather information and monitor data to perform their tasks and to promote and develop their relations with the news media. Findings of the study show that all 24 organizations have a homepage, but only two thirds of them are posting their publications on the net, and only one third are using electronic newspapers to monitor their coverage in the media and to gather news, data and information of importance for the various tasks they perform. Only three organizations out of 24 have an online newsroom, and only two have a virtual tour about the organization. None of the surveyed organizations’ Web site has a film or videos. Organizations in the United Arab Emirates still have a lot to do to take advantage fully and rationally of what interactive communication, Internet and online publications are offering for a better performance and more effective public relations.     

自由贸易试验区、制度创新与地区经济高质量增长

自由贸易试验区对深化以制度创新为核心的经济体制改革和促进地区经济高质量增长具有重要意义。文章运用渐进式双重差分模型,实证检验了自由贸易试验区设立、制度创新和地区经济高质量增长三者之间的关系。研究发现:设立自由贸易试验区可以直接促进地区经济高质量增长,且该经济高质量增长效应与自由贸易试验区设立时间正相关;设立自由贸易试验区可以激励制度创新,从而间接促进地区经济高质量增长;沿海型自由贸易试验区对地区经济高质量增长的促进作用更显著,其制度创新效果主要表现为提高了产品市场发育水平,而内陆型自由贸易试验区的制度创新效果主要表现为提高了要素市场发育水平。     

长株潭两型社会建设试验区的服务外包业

面对全球服务外包业转移大潮,长株潭国家两型社会建设综合配套改革试验区(以下简称长株潭两型社会建设试验区)应当把握机遇,将发展服务外包与建设两型社会有机结合,通过大力发展服务外包加快两型社会建设和促进中部崛起。文章通过对长株潭两型社会建设试验区发展服务外包的优势与劣势的分析,提出了建立长株潭两型社会建设试验区服务外包业协会,打造长株潭服务外包品牌和完善地区服务外包统计及评价体系等政策建议。