域外植物的输入与中古社会

大量域外植物入华是汉武帝时代丝路开通后的结果,外来的植物引种在魏晋南北朝时得到推广。域外传入的植物用途主要有观赏、食用和用作香料、医药等方面,域外植物的引进改变了中国人的膳食结构,丰富了饮食文化,提高了人们的生活水平,对于中国中古社会的农业生产、饮食文化、医学医药、民间信仰和文学艺术产生了积极影响。有关种植技术的记载出现在魏晋南北朝时期的著述中,反映了这些外来植物在这一时期广泛种植并积累了丰富经验的实际情况。域外植物的种植推动了商品经济的发展。     

郑州绿博园园林景观美学探析

郑州绿博园以"巧于因借,精在体宜"为原则,在环境美学、生态美学的指导下,充分利用多种造景手法,集中了南北园林之经典,是园林创意与工程技艺的融合,具有天然的美学品格,彰显出园林艺术的独特魅力。     

著名园艺学家毛宗良先生研究

毛宗良（1897～1970）,浙江省黄岩县人,著名园艺学家、造园学家和园艺教育家。1897年9月23日生于浙江省黄岩县,1927年毕业于南京东南大学农科园艺系。1928年赴法国留学并获博士学位。1933年归国后,曾任中央大学、四川大学、复旦大学、沈阳农学院教授。长期从事园林园艺教育工作,并对园艺植物分类和解剖有深入研究,在十字花科蔬菜、苋菜的分类以及茭白、荸荠与鸡骨常山解剖等方面做出重大贡献。曾主持前民国政府的大礼堂、考试院、外交部和交通部等庭园的园林设计与建设,参与创办中国第一本园艺刊物《园艺月刊》,促进中国园艺科学的交流和发展。1949年他与章守玉教授首次在复旦大学开办园林专业,正式为国家培养高等园林专门人才,在园林园艺科学方面声名享誉中外。     

Why does onlyAthalia Japonica enter summer diapause among three sympatricAthalia sawflies feeding on crucifers?

Summary This report assesses the primary factor for the evolution of summer diapause of the three species of sawfly,Athalia japonica, A. rosae andA. infumata that feed on cruciferous plants and coexist in the same area.A. japonica has two discrete spring and autumn generations, butA. rosae andA. infumata 5–6 generations. OnlyA. japonica enters summer diapause in response to the long daylengths in spring. Although these three sawflies usually feed on the same cultivated crucifers, they differ markedly in the utilization of wild crucifers. They oviposit only on young leaves.A. japonica mainly usesCardamine plants which sprout in spring and autumn.A. rosae andA. infumata primarily use hosts with new leaves all the year round, i.e. cultivated crucifers andRorippa indica, respectively. The thermal threshold for development is lower inA. japonica than in the other two species. The low heat tolerance ofA. japonica is adapted only to cool shady habitats whereCardamine grows. Presumably, summer diapause ofA. japonica is adaptation to the deterioration of the primary host plants rather than unfavorable climatic conditions. This interpretation is supported by the movement patterns of the threeAthalia sawflies, alternative means to escape from deteriorated habitat conditions.     

《山居录》——我国现存最早的种药专著

《居家必用事类全集》收录唐人王旻的《山居录》,是一部主要记载药物栽培的古农书,也可以称作现存最早的种药专著。从书中涉及的人物、地名等史实,特别是所记李含光的谈话,可证其书编撰于唐玄宗天宝后期(748—755)。但书中正文有些后世窜入的内容,注文所引别本则异文纷歧,都有待于作认真的整理。     

论家居绿化与人类健康的关系

采用绿化装饰是当前家居装饰设计的一个重要方向。认为家居绿化装饰具有美化居室、清新空气、消除污染和调节心理等作用 ,提出通过合理选择植物品种 ,趋利避害 ,形成功能互补效应 ,同时充分考虑美学和心理学要求 ,按室内功能特点进行绿化安排的设计理念。     

Crucial factors determining the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of threeAthalia sawflies feeding on common cruciferous plants

Summary ThreeAthalia sawflies,A. japonica, A. rosae andA. infumata, feeding on cruciferous plants, coexist in Japan. However, it is not known what ecological strategies they use and what environmental factors are crucial to such strategies. I attempted to explain these questions by examining the relationship between the spatio-temporal distribution patterns of threeAthalia sawflies and their habitats in three districts (Lowland, Intermediate and Mountain). The three sawflies have different spatio-temporal distribution patterns, though they usually used common cruciferous plants.A. japonica was abundant in spring and autumn but disappeared during summer in all the districts. In the Lowland, populations ofA. rosae andA. infumata, like that ofA. japonica, crashed in summer. HoweverA. rosae occurred mainly in summer in the Intermediate and Mountain. AlthoughA. infumata occurred in the same seasons asA. rosae in all districts, population levels ofA. infumata were always lower than those ofA. rosae. The crucial factors controlling their population patterns were the availability of host plants and temperature. Population crashes ofA. rosae andA. infumata were due to food depletion, and those ofA. japonica were due to heat stress. On the other hand, their population patterns may be interpreted as phenological synchronization with their original host plants, though they all existed on common cruciferous plants. The three sawflies may have evolved different strategies to escape from unfavorable habitat conditions. Such strategies are speculated to be summer diapause inA. japonica, long distance migration inA. rosae, and local dispersal inA. infumata.     

基于SEM-AHP方法的核电厂定量人为因素评价研究

文章基于人为因素分析与分类系统,分析了115起核电厂执照运行事件报告(Licensed Operation Event Report, LOER),并对影响核电厂事件发生的人为因素进行分类,采用结构方程模型方法得出各影响因素的路径系数,两两比较得到层次分析模型的判断矩阵,进而确定各因素的权重。同时对核电厂人为因素的重要性做排序分析,找到核电厂运行过程中的安全管理薄弱环节,从而促进核电厂系统平稳运行。     

浅谈园林植物配置的艺术手法

随着城市的发展,园林植物在景观上的作用越来越重要,文章主要分析园林植物外在的线条、外形、质地、色彩的特性,并归纳了一些处理植物配置与色彩、质地、距离、光影、地形等之间关系的艺术手法。     

长白山顶野生花卉资源引种驯化研究初报

在《长白山野生观赏植物调查、引种、选育技术研究》的基础上,根据供试野生花卉及筛选结果表,从中挑选十种山顶野生花卉,将其放在长春大学环境生态与工程学院的苗圃地进行引种驯化,试图为丰富园林花卉品种找出切入点,从而加大城市绿化的力度,满足园林绿化建设的需要。