对改革当代中国学术期刊的思考

我国学术期刊存在的主要问题是审稿选文缺乏健全的制度保证;办刊主体的行政化：编排规范不当导致以人取文,也导致读者看人读文;因科研评价机制不科学所致的学术腐败使学术期刊深受污染;经费缺乏明确政策规定等。要改变这种状况,实现学术期刊宗旨,必须进行全方位的配套改革：（1）加强审稿选文的制度建设;（2）实行实职主编制,扩大主编与责编的自主权;（3）改革编排规范：增加编者按（重点论文导读）与作者自述的“课题价值”与“创新点”,取消“作者单位”与“作者简介”;（4）改革科研成果评价机制,加强学术腐败惩治力度;（5）创办多家学术批评专刊,改革学术期刊评价方式;（6）明确学术期刊性质和经费来源及额度,确保经费足额到位。     

基于模糊综合评价的高校贫困生认定方法研究

当前,针对贫困生认定问题,我国尚未给出明确的认定办法和标准,各高校所采用的认定办法也存在着诸多缺点和不足。模糊综合评价法应用于高校贫困生认定,综合考虑影响学生困难程度的各方面因素,建立定性与定量相结合的贫困生认定指标体系,进行三层逐级模糊综合评判,减弱人为因素的影响,明确判定贫困生的困难等级,提高了认定结果的科学性和准确性。     

高等教育资源微观配置效率评价的理论与方法研究

提出高等教育资源微观配置及配置效率的概念,分析影响高等教育资源微观配置效率的因素,构建高等教育资源微观配置效率的评价指标体系,创建特色背景效率评价法．对DEA之CCR模型、BCC模型进行改进,得到包含质量与数量双重内涵的效率指数,并对高等教育资源微观配置效率评价提供一种新的方法。     

绿色建筑发展和推广的国外经验借鉴

国外绿色建筑发展的实践表明,以可持续发展原则为指导的立法是实现建筑可持续发展的保障,政府采取的经济激励措施调动了投资者和消费者的积极性,而在制定和完善绿色建筑评估认证体系中,相关的行业组织则发挥了重要作用,同时,绿色建筑的教育和培训计划畅通了信息交流的渠道,扩大了市场需求。     

服务型政府建设中的绩效评估

政府绩效评估对于服务型政府建设具有重要的意义,它有助于落实服务型政府服务责任、有助于贯彻和落实科学发展观和有助于满足不同民众的服务需求。服务型政府绩效评估主体应多元化,尤其要突出公民作为最重要的评估主体性质,同时还要重视独立、客观的民间评估组织的参与,绩效评估指标的设计要遵循与时俱进的、客观的、合理的和可行性原则,应着重从经济调节、市场监管、社会管理、公共服务和社会经济发展协调五个维度来设计具体的绩效评估指标。     

不完全信息下的一种信用分类方法

本文详细分析了一类典型的不完全信息的信用评价问题,即存在信用参考信息不完全或样本数据较少,以及某些指标数据为区间数等。文章首先考虑具有不完全信用参考信息的情况,在分析这类问题特性的基础上,基于数据包络分析理论(DEA),提出一种以拒绝案例集构造参考单元集的方法,并给出了相应的DEA模型。然后,进一步考虑带有较为复杂区间指标数据这类具有不完全指标信息的信用评价问题,并给出了相应的信用分析方法,最后采用算例说明本文提出方法的合理性。由于所提方法能有效地处理信用信息不完全和指标数据不完全的情况,故其具有较为广泛的实用性。     

Evaluating community-based treatment programmes for men who sexually abuse children

The currently dominant multi-factorial explanations of sex offending have been reflected in the widespread adoption of cognitive-behavioural groupwork methods where treatment foci are those attitudes, beliefs, cognitions and behaviours believed to contribute towards the maintenance of sexually abusive practices. Community-based programmes have mushroomed during this decade, with 97% of regional probation services now having provision for sex offender treatment. However, these relatively recent and dramatic developments of practice have to a large extent occurred outside of a framework of rigorous planning and evaluation. This article begins by outlining a rationale for both the treatment of sex offenders and evaluating programmes. This is followed by a framework for evaluation within which treatment providers can consider the issues involved (including the methodological difficulties) in setting up research designed to evaluate treatment effectiveness. It is suggested that, while small-scale (in-house) research may tell us something about the success or otherwise of individual programmes, it is the larger-scale projects carried out by independent researchers that will inform us as to the impact of cognitive-behavioural group work on recidivism and offence-related psychological variables. Such research has the potential to assist policy-makers and to aid managers and practitioners in the development of effective treatment programmes. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

社会工作质性评估研究的回顾(1990-2003)对中国社会工作的启示

在社会科学的历史中,定量和定性研究的争论持续了差不多半个世纪。随着研究者对实证主义的质疑,质性研究的数目逐渐增加。根据布瑞曼(Bryman,1988)的看法,质性研究有以下特点:(1)透过被访者的眼睛看世界;(2)描述日常生活情境的细节;(3)了解在不同社会范畴的背景中的行为及意义;(4)强调过程;(5)倾向采用文字及结构灵活的研究设计;(6)尽量避免在研究初期确立理论和观念。邓泽和林肯(Denzin & Lincoln,1998)也指出,质性研究有以下元素:(1)采用多元的研究手法;(2)涉及自然和诠译的角度;(3)在自然的情况下作出研究;(4)尝试理解和分析不同现象的…     

Screening children with a history of maltreatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in frontline social care organizations: A process evaluation

The use of standardized screening tools to identify trauma exposure and associated symptoms is commonly recommended as a key component in the development of trauma informed services and is seen as integral to facilitating access to evidence-based therapies. However, there is limited evidence in the UK about the factors influencing the adoption of such tools into routine practice in children's social care. This paper presents the findings from a process evaluation of how practitioners implemented a screening tool for post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression into their day-to-say practice and what worked or did not work during the process. The findings from this study highlight the potential benefits for both young people and practitioners, alongside some of the challenges involved. In particular, practitioners need to see the direct benefit for young people of being assessed. Additionally, practitioners value regular mentoring as they become more proficient in using standardized screening tools.