Cluster-based multivariate outlier identification and re-weighted regression in linear models

A cluster methodology, motivated by a robust similarity matrix is proposed for identifying likely multivariate outlier structure and to estimate weighted least-square (WLS) regression parameters in linear models. The proposed method is an agglomeration of procedures that begins from clustering the n-observations through a test of ‘no-outlier hypothesis’ (TONH) to a weighted least-square regression estimation. The cluster phase partition the n-observations into h-set called main cluster and a minor cluster of size n?h. A robust distance emerge from the main cluster upon which a test of no outlier hypothesis’ is conducted. An initial WLS regression estimation is computed from the robust distance obtained from the main cluster. Until convergence, a re-weighted least-squares (RLS) regression estimate is updated with weights based on the normalized residuals. The proposed procedure blends an agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis of a complete linkage through the TONH to the Re-weighted regression estimation phase. Hence, we propose to call it cluster-based re-weighted regression (CBRR). The CBRR is compared with three existing procedures using two data sets known to exhibit masking and swamping. The performance of CBRR is further examined through simulation experiment. The results obtained from the data set illustration and the Monte Carlo study shows that the CBRR is effective in detecting multivariate outliers where other methods are susceptible to it. The CBRR does not require enormous computation and is substantially not susceptible to masking and swamping.     

Change Point Estimation of Multivariate Linear Profiles Under Linear Drift

In this paper, maximum likelihood estimators (MLE) for both step and linear drift changes in the regression parameters of multivariate linear profiles are developed. Performance of the proposed estimators is compared under linear drift changes in the regression parameters when a combined MEWMA and Chi-square control charts method signals an out-of-control condition. The effect of smoothing parameter of MEWMA control charts, missing data, and multiple drift changes on the performance of the both estimators is also evaluated. The application of the proposed estimators is also investigated thorough a numerical example resulted from a real case.     

中国特色社会主义的历史起点和历史前提

区分中国特色社会主义的历史起点和历史前提,对于正确理解和科学评价中国特色社会主义非常必要。这种区分绝不是割断历史、制造改革开放前后两个历史时期的相互否定,而是为了在相对客观认识和评价改革开放前后两个历史时期的基础上,完整准确地把握中国特色社会主义。而只有完整准确地把握中国特色社会主义,才能既彰显中国特色社会主义的创新性,又阐明中国特色社会主义的历史继承性;既彰显中国特色社会主义的基本内涵和特征,又为其社会主义属性正名。     

孟子的民本思想和平等倾向在晚清的凸显与局限

孟子突出的民本思想和平等倾向在晚清受到了一定程度的重视和发扬。这主要表现在：（一）宋代《孟子》在人经过程中一度出现的尊孟疑孟的争论在晚清有复活的迹象。（二）孟子的民本思想和平等倾向在清禾时常被发挥成为西方近代的民主理念和代议制度。尽管如此,孟学依附于孔教之下的地位没有变化,《孟子》作为儒家经典的地位也没有变化。可见在儒家经典中《孟子》的确以其突出的民本和平等精神存在一定程度的游离倾向,但是孟子的思想总体上是与封建等级社会相适应的,而与近代的民主精神有实质差别,《孟子》无法真正作为从西方输入的民主思想和制度的本土性经典支持。我们应以子学精神而非传注精神来对待传统和经典。     

论语言变化的影响因素

本文旨辨析语言变化的不同观点和语言变化的影响因素。包括以时间纵轴对语言在历史上的整个变化;在同一时代范围内,由于社会阶层的需求、强势文化的冲击、地域差异以及新技术的使用对群体语言变化的影响;以及微观的个体语言的变化,如个人年龄、性别、性格、教养、受教育程度、使用语言的环境和背景等。     

A J‐function for Inhomogeneous Spatio‐temporal Point Processes

We propose a new summary statistic for inhomogeneous intensity‐reweighted moment stationarity spatio‐temporal point processes. The statistic is defined in terms of the n‐point correlation functions of the point process, and it generalizes the J‐function when stationarity is assumed. We show that our statistic can be represented in terms of the generating functional and that it is related to the spatio‐temporal K‐function. We further discuss its explicit form under some specific model assumptions and derive ratio‐unbiased estimators. We finally illustrate the use of our statistic in practice. © 2014 Board of the Foundation of the Scandinavian Journal of Statistics     

劳动力供求变化与我国区域经济转变——基于中部省份与沿海省份的对比分析

文章选取中部的湖北省与东南沿海的浙江、广东两省作为比较研究的对象,解析了我国当前区域经济不平衡发展的威廉姆斯(Williamson)拐点与二元经济社会发展的刘易斯(Lewis)拐点客观存在之现实,揭示了两者在市场主导下相互竞合且互为因果的内在逻辑联系,并对我国当前和今后一段时间区域经济的均衡发展提出了参考意见。     

建筑作品内在结构的可解释性

从创作与接受的相互关系和作用考察建筑作品的内在结构，指出建筑作品应具有接受能动性，其结构应是开放和可生长的，建筑师应从积极的态度看待作品中由上述特性产生的可解释性.     

校企合作模式探析

校企合作是时代的召唤,是双方共赢的选择,建立校企间良好有效的合作机制,既是产业发展的需要,也是破解我国高校教学弊端的一剂良方。如何因地制宜地探索校企合作模式成了我们亟待解决的课题。     

挑战与发展：冲突规范连结点直面网络环境

连结点的选择和确立是国际私法立法的首要问题和中心任务。互联网法律主体的复杂性对连结点的选择带来了前所未有的挑战，传统连结点将继续适用但其含义呈多样化趋势，对主观性连结点的限制逐渐减少，连结点弹性化倾向将更加明显。网址、网页等新的连结因素对于网络案件连结点的确定将起越来越重要的作用。“一致性”和“本土化”的有机结合应是网络环境下新连结点构建的价值取向。