自尊、情感与创造力的关系

选取自尊与情感两个个体内部心理特征,探讨二者与创造力之间的关系。自尊由外显自尊与内隐自尊两类独立的自尊结构组成,外显自尊用问卷来测量,内隐自尊用内隐联想测验来考察;情感包括积极情感与消极情感,用问卷法来考察;创造力也用问卷测量。结果发现外显自尊是情感的有效预测变量,它也是创造力水平的有效预测变量,而积极情感是创造力水平的有效预测变量。研究探讨了自尊与情感对创造力的影响机制,为创造力的培养与科学管理奠定了理论基础。     

积极心理学视野下幼儿教师日常评价行为探析

积极心理学作为当代心理学研究的最新进展,其研究内容主要涉及三个方面：主观水平上积极情绪体验,个人水平上积极人格品质以及群体水平上积极社会组织系统。在积极心理学视野下探析幼儿教师日常评价行为,能够得到这样一些启示：积极转变观念,树立科学的儿童评价观;将积极心理学理念渗透到教师日常评价行为中,给予儿童积极情绪体验;帮助儿童形成积极的自我评价,培养积极人格;建立积极社会组织系统,创设积极的环境氛围,共同促进幼儿身心和谐发展。     

《诗经》"四始"说辩正

《诗经》"四始"说源自于《毛诗大序》,《史记·孔子世家》"四始"说与《诗大序》"四始"说具有相同的含义.《诗经》"四始"的概念,既不是指"风"、"小雅"、"大雅"、"颂"四部分,也不是指《关雎》《鹿鸣》《文王》《清庙》四首诗,而是指《诗经》中作为最早的《诗》文本的"正风"、"正小雅"、"正大雅"、"周颂"四部分内容."四始"说和"正变"说有紧密的联系,"正诗"就是指"四始"."四始"概念的提出,在编《诗》者那里有重要的意义和作用.     

论假释制度的重构

我国假释适用条件严苛,致使实践中假释率极低,很大程度阻碍了假释再社会化功能的发挥。根据刑罚综合刑论指引,在我国现有假释制度基础之上,扩大假释适用范围,降低无再犯罪危险认定,以及区分减刑、假释适用条件,重构适于我国司法实践的“积极假释”与“消极假释”的双轨制假释制度。从而提高假释适用率,创新罪犯出狱模式,有利于实现罪犯再社会化。而所谓积极假释则主要仍是考察罪犯刑罚期间的积极表现;消极假释则是要求罪犯执行一定刑期后强制假释。     

家庭心理需求及其对家庭幸福的影响——基于1 139个家庭的研究证据

为考察中国家庭的心理需求,对1 139个家庭的样本进行了问卷调查。结果发现:中国家庭的心理需求具有明显的层次差异,从低级到高级的顺序分别是存续、安康、和睦、荣耀和兴旺。此外,主导需求层次处于低端的家庭,低级需求的满足对家庭幸福感具有显著影响;主导需求层次位于高端的家庭,高级需求的满足对家庭幸福感具有显著影响。这种基于中国文化背景下的家庭需求层次理论对建设中国幸福家庭具有独特的意义。基于这一理论,中国的幸福型家庭建设应围绕多个方面展开:在各级政府的评价体系中引入民众幸福;倡导基于责任的婚恋关系;大中小学尝试开展幸福课程计划等。     

A Test of the False Positive Bias Hypothesis

An evaluation of the hypothesis that adolescent gamblers are biased toward the production of false positive responses proposed by Derevensky et al. was tested. The results of secondary analysis of available data supported the hypothesis for items on the South Oaks Gambling Screen and items from the DSM-IV screening instrument. The conclusions were presented as tentative in view of the modest sizes of the observed effects. A number of limitations to the analysis are also described.     

TRANSLATING MELANCHOLIA

This paper is about the (im)possibility of ‘the Black community’. Specifically it is about how the process of translating melancholia in talk on life stories makes ‘the Black community’ (im)possible. Its (im)possibility arises because translating melancholia leads to critical agency (Khanna, 2003 Khanna, R. 2003. Dark continents: Psychoanalysis and colonialism, London: Duke University Press. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]) in Black women's and men's talk on identity, belonging and community. I deal centrally, therefore, with ‘the Black community’ and affect. As affect, melancholia's ‘object of emotions can be ideals [such as “the Black community”] and bodies, including bodies of [communities which] can take shape through how they approximate such “ideals”’ (Ahmed, 2004 Ahmed, S. 2004. The cultural politics of emotion, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.  [Google Scholar], p. 16). To this extent then translating melancholia is performative, as Black community takes shape in talk. I use talk on life stories to show that there is an ideal in the form of a dominant discourse on ‘the Black community’ which is constantly disturbed and re-made by melancholic translations at the level of the everyday. This disturbance constitutes what I call a poetics of Black interstitial community. By poetics I mean how community means, not just what it means to its members. I am then not talking about physical boundaries when I say ‘the Black community’, but those of affect. These boundaries are circumscribed by a politics of ‘race’ which underlie inclusion in the Black collective and are continually re-negotiated through talk on belonging. Here, the significance of essentialist notions of ‘race’ for inclusion within the Black community can be no longer taken for granted. Last, I consider what this means for the continuation of Black anti-racist politics.     

论我国政府干预型农业保险的可行性

文章立足于我国农业保险的现状,结合我国的特色国情,从理论、政府财力、WTO规则、农村面貌、政策和经营技术等方面,论证了在我国建立政府干预型农业保险制度的可行性,并进一步阐述了具体方法和途径。     

主观幸福感的理解与提升

在综合了主观幸福感研究进展的基础上,对其概念和组成成分的新界定进行了描述,并通过对其影响因素如人口学变量、人格变量、文化变量的分析,提出了提升主观幸福感的一些措施与方法:培养积极情绪;正向思维的训练;做出积极归因,拥有乐观精神;良好的人际支持系统。     

Impacts of media on sexual behaviour and relationships among youth in foster care

Youth in foster care (YFC) are at high risk of negative reproductive and other health outcomes and may be especially vulnerable to negative impacts of media due to early adversity and a lack of stable caregiver relationships. The aim of this project was to explore how access and exposure to media impacts YFC in order to inform future research in this realm and promote resilience in this understudied population. We conducted semistructured interviews with YFC ages 15–21 (n = 22) and focus groups with foster caregivers (n = 86). We used thematic analysis to analyse data for themes related to media. Youth and caregivers described four main themes: (a) impacts of media on youth norms and attitudes, (b) impacts of media on youth behaviour, (c) impacts of youth exposure to pornography, and (d) caregiver monitoring and mediation of media. Data from this study indicate that media has unique, important effects on YFC norms and behaviours, including sexual behaviours. Foster caregivers encounter multiple barriers to monitoring and mediating media use for YFC. Further research is needed to explore differential effects of media on YFC versus non‐YFC in order to develop effective interventions and mitigate potential negative effects of media.