地方政府审计职能软化问题研究

政府审计是对权力的监督和制约,现阶段,我国地方政府审计面临的发展困境主要是审计职能软化问题,针对地方政府审计存在的主要问题,剖析原因,从多角度提出解决审计职能软化的对策。     

Gendered Egos: Attitude Functions and Gender as Predictors of Homonegativity

This study used a correlational design with a sample of university students to clarify the relationships between attitude functions and homonegativity with respect to gender. Classic work on attitude functions posits that attitudes serve psychological needs for the attitude holder. Herek (1986b) adapted this theory to explain attitudes toward homosexuality. Herek (1987) identified four functions: ego-defensive (defense of threats to the self), value-expressive (expression of key values), social-expressive (expression of important social norms), and experiential (based on past experiences). Results suggested that men were more likely to attribute their attitudes to the ego-defensive function. Men and women were equally likely to attribute their attitudes to the experiential function. The ego-defensive function was the best predictor of homonegativity for men and women, whether they held generally positive or generally negative attitudes toward homosexuality. The experiential function did not predict homonegativity. Participants tended to be neither very homonegative nor very ego-defensive.     

A qualitative study on participants’ perceptions of child development accounts in Korea

ABSTRACT

In 2007, Korea implemented Child Development Accounts (CDAs) for institutionalised children in child welfare systems. Since then, the target group and a matching cap of CDAs in Korea have evolved. The target group expanded to include poor children receiving welfare, whereas the matching cap increased from KRW 30,000 (US$26.53) to KRW 40,000 (US$35.38), which is matched at a 1:1 rate. Despite the expansion, there is little empirical evidence examining the extent to which CDAs have influenced the life of participants. Using a content analysis method with a sample (N = 22), this study examines how CDAs have changed children’s mindsets, saving habits, education, future planning and sponsorship. The findings suggest that CDAs have multiple positive influences on children. This study concludes with policy implications for the inclusive and progressive development of CDAs in Korea.     

Attention and Executive Functions as Mediators of Attachment and Behavior Problems

The purpose of this study was to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the relation between early parent‐child interactions and subsequent behavior problems and how certain cognitive processes mediate this relation. Specifically, this study investigated whether attention, inhibition, and planning skills mediate the relation between attachment security and behavior problems. Data were collected as part of the National Institute of Child Health and Development‐Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development when children (N = 1004) were between 36 months and the third grade. Results from structural equation models indicated that sustained attention mediated the relation between disorganized attachment and social problems. Planning mediated the relation between disorganized attachment and subsequent thought problems, attention problems, and delinquent behavior. Avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized attachment directly predicted several behavior problems. Implications for theory and future research are discussed.     

A procedure for testing the equality of k dependent correlation coefficients

A procedure is proposed for testing the equality of k dependent correlation coefficients. The procedure is simulated utilizing Monte Carlo techniques; and, a method for post hoc probing is also suggested.     

Double shrinkage estimators for large sparse covariance matrices

Covariance matrices play an important role in many multivariate techniques and hence a good covariance estimation is crucial in this kind of analysis. In many applications a sparse covariance matrix is expected due to the nature of the data or for simple interpretation. Hard thresholding, soft thresholding, and generalized thresholding were therefore developed to this end. However, these estimators do not always yield well-conditioned covariance estimates. To have sparse and well-conditioned estimates, we propose doubly shrinkage estimators: shrinking small covariances towards zero and then shrinking covariance matrix towards a diagonal matrix. Additionally, a richness index is defined to evaluate how rich a covariance matrix is. According to our simulations, the richness index serves as a good indicator to choose relevant covariance estimator.     

基于长沙市T区社区管理模式现状的思考

以长沙市T区为分析案例,通过对T区进行调查研究,寻找当前长沙市社区管理模式存在的一些问题:管理体制的行政化,政府职能的错位与缺位,居民与社区中介组织参与社区管理程度低,社区工作任务繁重,等等。要解决当前社区管理存在的一系列问题,必须重新考析政府、社区、社区中介组织以及居民之间的关系,理顺社区管理体制,明确政府职能,大力培育社区中介组织,培养居民的参与意识,构建长沙市功能型社区管理模式。     

积极心理学视域下的环境美德伦理探究

环境伦理学自诞生以来,一直以构建客观的自然价值和自然权利为主要任务,忽略了作为道德行为主体的人。面对这种人未到场的环境伦理学现状,学者们开始从美德视角研究环境伦理学。积极心理学是一种研究人类的积极力量和美德的心理学思潮,对伦理学研究产生了重要影响。通过借鉴积极心理学的最新研究成果,环境美德伦理强调发挥环境保护中的积极因素,特别是积极的人格品质,从而鼓励和影响人对环境的友好行为。     

积极心理学在大学生思想政治教育应用中的思考

积极心理学致力于研究人的积极品质和积极力量,与大学生思想政治教育在培养“人”的积极品质;追求个人的自我价 值和社会价值的统一;预防大学生思想意识淡薄;激发个体积极力量等方面有着契合点。这为大学生思想政治教育借鉴和批 判性吸收积极心理学成果提供了可能,但应寻求科学合理有效的方式和方法,将其研究成果应用到大学生思想政治教育中。