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101.
王虎 《重庆邮电大学学报(社会科学版)》2015,27(3):115-118
对当代文学尤其是新时期文学的评价,已成为中国新文学评价中的热点与焦点问题。仅从传播方式而言,对中国新时期文学的海外传播做出最大贡献的是以第五代导演为代表的新时期电影。张艺谋认为第五代导演的成功与新时期的文学繁荣分不开,正是中国新时期文学成就了新时期电影。实质上,中国新时期文学经历文学现代化洗礼后已逐渐进入成熟期,取得了较高的文学成就。然而,从传统向现代转型的中国社会,长期处于价值取向的茫然与混乱中,导致无法建立起公正的文学与电影评价系统和体系。只有冷静分析中国新时期电影和文学,才能真正发现新时期电影和文学的价值所在。 相似文献
102.
Joris Van Damme Anne Hublet Bart De Clercq Emmanuel Kuntsche Lea Maes Els Clays 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2017,65(8):558-566
Objective: Drinking alcohol during the exams can affect academic performance and future career options, but is rarely investigated. Drinking motives, sociodemographics and personality characteristics are investigated in nonabstainers and weekly drinkers during the exams. Participants: 7,181 Belgian university students who anonymously responded to an email invitation to an online survey. Methods: Logistic regressions and mixed design analysis of variance on cross-sectional data. Results: One-third of the students continued drinking during the exams, with 40% drinking weekly. Nonabstainers were mainly men, elder, internally motivated when drinking, and housed with parents or independently. Weekly drinkers were similar, except mainly housed in student apartments or independently. Personality characteristics were nonsignificant. All drinking motives were less pronounced during the exams, with smaller differences for internal motives. Conclusions: Mainly linked to internal drinking motives, drinking during the exams in higher education is underestimated. The characteristics and motives of students doing so can be used in future interventions. 相似文献
103.
Adriana Amorim Francisco Sonia Maria Junqueira Vasconcellos De Oliveira Mary Steen Moacyr Roberto Cuce Nobre Eder Viana De Souza 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(5):e334-e340
Background
Ice-pack is widely used for alleviating postpartum perineal pain sustained after birth related perineal trauma. However, it lacks robust evidence on timing and frequency of applications, to ensure the effective and safe use of this therapy.Aims
To evaluate if a 10 min ice-pack application relieved postpartum perineal pain and if the analgesic effect was maintained for up to 2 h.Methods
A randomised controlled trial conducted from December 2012 to February 2013 with 69 primiparous women ≥18 years old, 6–24 h postpartum, with perineal pain ≥3, who had not received anti-inflammatory medication or analgesics after childbirth, who were randomised to a single ice-pack application on the perineum for 10 min or standard care. The primary and secondary outcomes were a reduction ≥30% in perineal pain intensity, immediately after the application and the maintenance of the analgesic effect for up to 2 h, respectively.Findings
Immediately post-intervention, the proportion of women whose perineal pain decreased ≥30% was significantly higher in the experimental group. Within 2 h, there was no significant difference in the pain levels in both groups. Within 2 h, for 61.9% and 89.3% of women in the experimental and control group, respectively, the perineal pain levels remained unchanged. For the remaining participants, perineal pain was increasing after an average time of 1 h 45 min and 1 h 56 min for the experimental and control groups, respectively.Conclusion
By applying an ice-pack for 10 min to the perineum, effective pain relief is achieved, that is maintained for between 1 h 45 min and 2 h. 相似文献104.
Nuria Infante-Torres Milagros Molina-Alarcón Ana Rubio-Álvarez Julián Rodríguez-Almagro Antonio Hernández-Martínez 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2018,31(5):e318-e324
Aim
To assess the relationship between the duration of the second stage of labour and postpartum anaemia during vaginal birth.Methods
An observational, analytical retrospective cohort study was performed at the “Mancha-Centro Hospital” (Spain) during the 2013–2016 period. Data were collected from 3437 women who had a vaginal birth. Postpartum anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin level below 11 g/dL at 24 h postpartum. A univariate analysis was used for potential risk factors and a multivariate analysis with binary logistic regression to control for possible confounding factors.Findings
The incidence of postpartum anaemia was 42.0%. The risk of postpartum anaemia did not increase in nulliparous women whose duration of the second stage of labour exceeded 4 h. Compared with multiparous women who delivered between 0 and 3 h, multiparous women with a duration of the second stage of labour beyond 3 h were at higher risk of postpartum anaemia (OR = 2.43 [1.30–4.52]).Conclusion
The duration of the second stage of labour beyond 4 h is safe for postpartum anaemia in nulliparous women. However in multiparous women, monitoring should increase if the second stage of labour exceeds 3 h given the increased risk of postpartum anaemia. 相似文献105.
Melissa Buultjens Gregory Murphy Priscilla Robinson Jeannette Milgrom Melissa Monfries 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2017,30(5):406-414
Background
While the provision of maternity education across the perinatal period can increase the confidence and self-efficacy in childbearing women, there is still thought to be a lack of effective educational resources for parenthood. This study, conducted in Victoria, Australia, investigated women’s experiences of, and attitudes to education communicated in maternity service provision.Methods
189 women were recruited from a variety of settings to participate in a mixed-methods survey about their experiences of perinatal health service education.Findings
Of the sample of childbearing women, 153 (81%) reported attending antenatal classes. Women perceived their antenatal education as beneficial, though many women still felt unprepared beyond labour and birth. With respect to the hospital postnatal stay, findings suggested a variation among the content imparted to women across different Victorian maternity services, (e.g. rural women tended to be more dissatisfied with information received in relation to maternal emotional and physical health). Overall, women wished they had been more informed about breastfeeding and settling techniques, while a lack of information relating to social support initiatives for the postnatal period was also indicated. Women reported that they were missing educational and practical reinforcement of mothercraft skills.Conclusions
There is a need for a reorientation of perinatal health service education. A health promotion approach is suggested as it extends beyond the physical recovery from birth to encompass psychosocial factors; including perinatal morbidities that can disrupt the quality and experience of the transition to parenthood. 相似文献106.
新疆特殊的自然地理环境,尤其是其独特的绿洲生态系统对新疆城市的影响显著.绿洲和绿洲城市成为新疆城市区别于中国其他区域城市的一个十分重要的特点.农牧业时代新疆绿洲城市的特点主要表现为两个方面,一是绿洲城市与绿洲具有一致性特点--不平衡性、分散性和封闭性;二是新疆绿洲城市数量少、规模小,长期发展缓慢.进入工业时代,新疆绿洲城市的发展出现新的特点,一是城市数量增多,城市规模扩大,初步形成绿洲城市区域体系;二是绿洲城市从封闭走向开放;三是经济城市从单一功能向综合性多功能发展,城市功能不断强化;四是绿洲城市出现可持续发展的新趋势.在国家实施"一带一路"战略的背景下,新疆绿洲城市迎来了新的发展机遇. 相似文献
107.
20世纪90年代以来,中国社会进入全面转型期。在精神领域,大众文艺的发展不断地消解社会的精英文化情结,这导致了知识分子话语的失落和知识分子角色的边缘化,甚至使知识精英成为市场经济时代的"多余人"。1990年代以来大众文艺中的知识分子形象大都以世俗化、平民化的面目出现,其生活方式、行为方式、情感趣味、思想趣味日趋向大众看齐,曾经以"化大众"为己任的知识分子精英成为生活中的孤独者或沉沦者。世纪转型期大众文艺中的知识分子形象已处于深刻的危机之中,他们精神上营养不良,人格萎缩困顿,趣味世俗粗劣,已然丧失了对个人、人类和世界的存在意义的把握,知识精英群体集体陷入沉默状态。这在一定程度上折射出当下现实境遇中知识分子角色的尴尬处境。这种状况值得我们深入关注。 相似文献
108.
《支那语学》创刊于1907年6月,是当时世界范围内推广北京官话、传播中国文化最为重要的学术月刊之一。该杂志栏目设置很有创意:从教学角度安排北京官话语言基本知识学习内容;从培养语言学习能力角度安排汉日译解、翻译、写作、阅读基本能力训练内容;强调中国文化导入,加深读者对北京官话的整体性理解;以月刊为手段,迅捷传播中国信息,引发读者兴趣;内容选择强调趣味性、生动性、口语性、通俗性、学术性;版式设计新颖灵活,不拘一格,在对日北京官话教育史、汉语史、清末中日两国关系、文化交流等方面具有较高研究价值。《支那语学》应用现代传媒手段,拓展了北京官话的教学空间,标志着实体学校之外期刊杂志取得了传播北京官话的话语权;学校教学和杂志教学有机结合,直接把北京官话教学延伸到了社会,开放性强;实现了日本"国家语言政策"的目标;对后来北京官话教学期刊发展影响至深,对今天中国"国别"对外汉语教学机构和期刊结合教学、国家推广汉语战略政策的制订都具有较强的启发意义。 相似文献
109.
在男权社会中,女性身体美学也是由男性的历史之手制造并且是符合其男权中心主义需要的,这种男性的美学表现出对病弱女体的偏爱。新时期女性作家重构了女性身体的美学范式。这一美学重构是通过女性身体的健美与男性身体的丑弱对比．以新的眼光设置女性身体描写的空间来实现的。当代女性作家通过对女性身体形象的重塑,传达出女性建构新的自我的努力。 相似文献
110.
朱元璋的诗歌创作可以登基为界,分为前期和后期两个阶段。前期诗作,粗豪霸气,威风凛凛,直有干云之势;后期诗作,雍容雅致,功利实用,几无风格可言。在朱元璋看来,大明诗歌应该成为与大明开国气象相契合的粉饰太平的工具。为达到这一目的,朱元璋身体力行、垂范作则,大量雍雅、实用之作在朱元璋的后期诗作中接踵涌现。这些诗作,不仅直接左右和控制了明初及明朝前期诗坛,也影响乃至笼罩了整个明朝诗坛。 相似文献