中国大型企业社会责任战略选择动因研究——一个新制度理论解释框架

运用战略管理理论中新制度理论,通过描述统计、多元回归分析等统计方法,构建与验证制度同构机制在中国企业社会责任战略选择过程的关键作用,以此揭示中国大型企业社会责任战略抉择时的制度根源。研究表明: 政府压力和资本市场等强制同构是影响中国企业社会责任战略的根本制度原因,国家政策和政府压力有力地塑造了中国上市公司企业社会责任战略和行为,国际资本市场利用其正式和市场权利推动和影响着中国大型上市公司采取积极主动的企业社会责任战略,支持了制度理论在中国企业社会责任战略研究领域中的应用。但没有发现以行业测量的模仿同构和以独立董事测量的公司治理对企业社会责任战略有显著影响。     

建设云南生态安全屏障的科技需求与对策研究

生态安全屏障问题已经成为我国新时期经济社会发展的重大主题之一,而科技对支撑生态安全建设起着举足轻重的作用。云南是我国“两屏三带一区多点”国家生态安全屏障体系中“黄土高原—川滇生态屏障”的重要组成部分,随着云南省桥头堡建设的推进和国家“一带一路”战略的提出,云南省生态安全屏障建设的科技需求进一步增强。云南生态安全屏障建设的科技需求主要体现在促进生态保护、加强生态治理、推进绿色生态发展三个方面。构建云南省生态安全屏障,应以建设生态科技工程为重要载体和主要抓手,从建设跨境生态雨林、跨境河流、沿边生态走廊、天然林、高原湖泊、节能环保、绿色生态庄园、健康照护基地等方面入手来开展工作。     

霍尔理论背景下汉英请求策略对比研究

人类学家霍尔提出的语境论认为中国文化属于高语境文化,而西方大多数英语国家属于低语境文化。文章在语境论的框架下,阐述了英汉请求策略特点及其差异的深层文化根源。英语请求语多样化的语句层面策略与汉语中语篇策略的广泛应用,体现了低语境文化多用明码信息,高语境文化惯用暗码信息的特点。同时,与处于低语境的英美文化相比,中国文化对请求策略影响因素人际距离、社会权力和强加度的认识与感知呈现两极化。     

扶贫移民适应期生计风险、扶持资源承接与政策优化

扶贫移民兼具扶贫和生态保护功能,有效破解区域生态可持续和社会经济发展矛盾的同时也会出现目标的“反功能”现象。基于适应期扶贫移民生计特征归纳,寻求可能遇到的丧失发展资源、失去公共服务、社会关系网络受损、边缘化等生计损失及致贫风险,针对扶贫移民适应期生计发展扶持政策实施过程中存在的“政策对接有落差、政策衔接有缝隙、政策承接有障碍”等资源承接问题,尝试提出提高移民发展可行能力、注重产业发展、整合发展扶持政策与资源、强化移民专业经济组织建设、健全农村要素市场、促进发展要素整合联动等建议,以促进扶贫移民安稳致富奔小康。     

Configuration of flexibility strategies under supply uncertainty

In this paper, we study a buyer׳s configuration of flexibility strategies under supply uncertainty. His main supplier׳s production process is uncertain, and he can either choose pricing flexibility (setting prices depending on the available supply) or operational flexibility (requesting a contingent order from a backup supplier). As the buyer may or may not find a suitable contingent supplier ex post, we study two scenarios that the backup supplier׳s supply is infinite, and that this supply is random. We also include the factor that the main supplier may determine the wholesale price. We demonstrate that the adoption of flexibility strategies is controlled by threshold policies in different scenarios whether the main supplier determines the wholesale price or not. We also investigate how the buyer׳s attribute (finding a suitable contingent supplier) affects the configuration of flexibility strategies.     

基于标准化的旅行社竞争策略探讨

标准化是提高生产效率和保证产品质量的有效工具和手段,在工农业发展过程中发挥着巨大作用。现在,标准化也被引入旅游业中,日益受到政府、企业、学者的重视。旅游企业开展标准化的竞争策略,建立自身系统的标准体系,不仅可以提高旅游产品质量和服务水平,最重要的是占据市场竞争中的有利地位,成为市场的引领者和规则的制定者,获取可观的经济利益。分析现阶段旅行社经营管理中存在的问题,结合其行业特点,论述标准化在经营管理中的重要作用,以及标准化竞争策略的具体措施、方法与步骤,很有必要。     

The food insecurity―obesity paradox as a vicious cycle for women: inequalities and health

Poverty and income inequality undermine women's health in a myriad of ways. This article discusses findings from the Full Plate Project, which addressed women's experience of food security, obesity, and chronic disease in Atlantic Canada. Through first-hand accounts, it identifies a vicious cycle surrounding the food insecurity–obesity paradox. The cycle's core elements included experiences of poverty, food insecurity and nutritional deprivation, weight gain leading to obesity, stress, and experiences of chronic illness. These mainly qualitative findings provide a vivid and multi-layered analysis of the effects of inequalities on health. A majority of Full Plate participants were lone mothers and unattached women, and existing outside of a two-adult member household framework. The vicious cycles experienced are intertwined and cannot be addressed by compartmentalising elements of health or social services. Evidence indicates that policies must respond fully to the social determinants of health and multiple inequalities related to poverty, gender, age, mobility, disability, location, culture, coping skills, and other dynamics.     

Gender,poverty, and inequality: a brief history of feminist contributions in the field of international development

This paper provides a brief history of feminist contributions to the analysis of gender, poverty, and inequality in the field of international development. It draws out the continuous threads running through these contributions over the years, as the focus has moved from micro-level analysis to a concern with macro-level forces. It concludes with a brief note on some of the confusions and conflations that continue to bedevil attempts to explore the relationship between gender, poverty, and inequality.     

Empowering Homeless Youth: Building Capacity through the Development of Mobile Technology

Information-communication technologies, like computers and cell phones, are popular among young people. This article details a youth-centered participatory action study in which 12 homeless youth designed and developed a mobile application for other homeless youth. We frame our analysis through a theory of critical youth empowerment and discuss the steps taken to develop the application, as informed by the method of spiral technology action research. Developing the application allowed these young people to express their opinions and frustrations, while also providing an opportunity for them to make the lives of their peers better through improved access to supports and services.     

基于竞争战略类型的银行战略能力对绩效的影响机制研究

本研究基于Treacy和Wiersema的竞争战略分类框架,建立了银行内部聚焦的成本和效率导向竞争战略与银行外部聚焦的顾客满意导向的竞争战略两种银行竞争战略类型。通过问卷调查的方法获得107家中国银行的样本,以资源基础观和战略匹配为理论基础,从战略执行的视角,实证分析了银行的竞争战略类型与其战略能力的匹配对绩效的影响。结果显示,选择成本和效率导向的竞争战略的银行,其运营能力、技术能力和风险控制能力对绩效有显著正向的影响;而选择顾客满意导向竞争战略的银行,其营销能力和风险控制能力对绩效有显著正向的影响,最后我们根据实证结果提出针对中国银行业的管理建议。