基于柯氏培训模型的全科医生转岗培训学员满意度调查研究

目的:了解和评估徐州市全科医生转岗培训学员对培训的反应和满意度。方法:根据柯式培训评估模型,调查全科医生转岗培训的学员对培训内容、师资、方式、管理过程等的直观评价,并对相关因素进行分析。结果:满意程度较高的是培训师资和培训管理,培训内容和培训方式的评价满意度相对较低。结论:学员工作年限与培训管理、师资满意度呈正相关,学员职称与培训内容、管理满意度呈正相关。今后培训工作可根据工作年限和职称适当调整科室轮转安排,适当增加急诊科轮转时间,同时进一步加强临床教学案例和全科医学理念培训。     

Adding value to organizations: An examination of the role of senior public relations practitioners in Singapore

A key characteristic of public relations excellence in organizations is ensuring that the senior public relations practitioner – the head of the communication function – has the competencies to enact the strategic role of a manager. It is only when the top communicator possesses strategic management knowledge and engages in managerial work with support from colleagues who are technically skilled in traditional craft work can public relations work be considered to be value-generating.This paper presents the findings of the examination of the role of senior public relations practitioners in organizations in Singapore. It also explores the importance of core communication activities to the role of top in-house communicators, examines the time they allocate to managerial and technical work, and assesses if the managerial role which the practitioners play adds value to organizations. Data collected from both in-depth interviews and self-reported log of daily activities showed that although top communicators in Singapore enjoy strategic reporting and unhindered access to senior management, it also revealed, paradoxically, senior management's mixed worldviews of public relations; and that Singapore's top in-house practitioners lack the strategic knowledge to enact the managerial role as they are too focused on technical work.The paper concludes with recommendations on how the level of public relations professionalism can be raised in Singapore, starting with the practitioners themselves having to be fully equipped with the relevant academic knowledge of what makes communication excellent.     

新时期公共关系人员素质略论

21世纪以来,公共关系呈现出国际化、战略化、高科技化等新的发展特点和趋势,这些都对公共关系人员提出了新的要求和挑战。新时期公共关系人员应具备开放的心态、多维的公关意识以及复合型知识技能等素质要求。可通过严把专业人才出口关和入口关,加强现有人员的继续教育及培训交流等方法和途径来提高公共关系人员的素质。     

北京市民公共行为文明指数研究的主导观念 ———兼说民族性建设

文章就北京市民公共行为指标体系构建问题,着重分析市民公共文明的层级性及其理论依据;一年后的跟踪调查结果数据表明,这个指标体系构成有利于了解市民公共行为的薄弱环节和社会态度,有利于社会动员。文章的写作意图在于对民族性建设的思考。文中提出了两个主导观念:公共空间的表层与底层预设,公共文明的层级性预设。这种主导观念下的问卷结果经分析较好地揭示出,中国民族性变迁在实际地发生着;这个变迁经常是从“身边”开始;“身边文明”与“身边不文明”同时存在着;“身边不文明”更值得重视;公共文明的层级性构成隐含了民族性变迁的部分内容、有利于这种变迁的文化质素与不利质素都存在。在一个人口众多、社会资源配置不太合理的大国里,要求人人事事都没有“身边不文明”表现,是不可能的,但是,有一条尊重自己、尊重他人、尊重不同国度生活规则的“尊严线”是必须恪守的;公共参与是公共文明水平提高的综合性要素,是应当着力倡导的人性呼唤。     

中越边境广西金龙布傣族群的“天”与天琴

立足田野调查,从起源、仪式、诗经、"巫"身份等方面,系统剖析了中越边境广西龙州县金龙镇布傣族群的"天"信仰、"做天"仪式、"天琴"法师及法事操持者等内容,为深化相关研究提供了基本参考。     

国内外促进分级诊疗的实践经验及启示

目的：了解国际上分级诊疗的实践经验,为我国各地的分级诊疗制度建设提供借鉴。方法：通过文献研究,梳理国内外为实现分级诊疗所采取的政策、措施。结果：国内为实现分级诊疗所采取的措施主要有以慢性病或部分病种作为突破口,构建医联体促进优质医疗资源下沉,建立家庭医生健康守门人制度;国内推进分级诊疗存在基层医疗服务能力和意愿薄弱、居民社区首诊的依从性差、大医院缺乏转诊动力的阻力等问题;国外分级诊疗的经验主要有合理的区域卫生规划、对医患双方转诊行为的强制性约束、强大的基层卫生服务能力、全科医师掌握医保资金和专科资源、门诊和住院“双轨制”。结论： 结合国内实施现状和国外的实施经验,我国实现分级诊疗可以采取建立有效的全科医师培养制度、增强医保的杠杆作用、合理控制大医院的诊疗量和住院床日数等措施。     

A framework for understanding how nonprofits shape our physical environment: Identifying allies in making spaces

Research exists on the role of nonprofits directly shaping open spaces and preserving elements of the built environment, but the larger landscape of nonprofits that directly and indirectly shape the larger physical environment is less well understood. Although legislation exists to help protect and preserve natural spaces, nonprofits play a crucial role in carrying out work to protect and shape the natural and built components of the physical environment. Furthermore, nonprofit work that shapes public spaces is, by default, an attempt to reshape social environments and values through interventions in the physical environment. This is particularly important as the relationship between the physical environment and societal outcomes related to public health, human behavior, and sustainability is clear. Using past research by the authors, a review of related literature, and a localized case study, we refine a theoretical framework to better describe and understand the breadth of nonprofits that are shaping the physical environment. In doing so, we create a tool to help nonprofit managers identify and better engage allied stakeholders.     

Creating and Sustaining a Practice-Based Research Group in an Urban Adolescent Mental Health Program

Summary

This article describes the initiation, implementation, and accomplishments of a practice-based research group within a mental health program serving inner-city adolescents. Begun in 1995 and co-led by a program manager and a clinical social work practitioner, the group fosters and supports practitioner-driven research projects as part of a “reflective” organizational development strategy.     

Data-Mining Client Concerns in Adolescent Mental Health Services

Summary

Via a practice-based research collaboration, clinicians, supervisors, and managers in an urban adolescent mental health program studied previously collected intake information concerning adolescent risk exposures, behaviors, worries, and self-assessed coping. In addition, desire to talk with a mental health counselor about specific risks and worries was systematically analyzed with the aim of generating practice insights into the clinical challenge of engaging urban adolescents in mental health services. Though provided with research consultation, practitioners were full participants in all aspects of the researchprocess. This organizational development process placed strains on the participants and organization, but many benefits were derived from it. One significant benefit was that mining the expressed concerns of clients gave participants a powerful vehicle for reshaping services. The organization came to see its clients as more than mere service recipients, resulting in a recommitment to Youth Development principles and a renewed effort to increase direct client participation in organizational life.     

服食异物:以葛洪为例看修行者与自然的关系

通过彰显葛洪对自然的复杂态度,作者认为不管是自然环境,还是社会环境,葛洪及其信徒都不可能超越这个世界,最多是短时间摆脱尘世。相反,在向其目标迈进的每一步,都要感谢这个世界。所有超越这个世界的道路都只能在这个世界找到;通向彼岸的路始于此岸。由此,我们解除生态危机的最大希望是在政治行为的指导下,谨慎、周密地使用技术,从而折回到把我们带入这场危机的道路上去。