Willingness to Pay for Risk Reduction and Risk Aversion without the Expected Utility Assumption

By means of minimal assumptions on the individual preferences, I show that the Willingness To Pay (WTP) for both a FSD and SSD reduction of risk is the sum of a mean effect, a pure risk effect and a wealth effect. As a result, the WTP of a risk-averse decision maker may be lower than the WTP of a risk-neutral one, for a large class of individual preferences’ representation and a large class of risks.     

名校学历: 求职敲门砖还是升职踏脚石?———基于中国公募基金行业的实证研究

名校学历到底有多重要? 为了克服过往“名校效应”相关研究中任务异质性和业绩难衡量的难题,考察名校和非名校基金经理职业经历和业绩的区别,结果发现: 名校毕业生首份工作是基金行业的概率较高,从进入职场到首次成为基金经理花费较短的时间,以及首次当基金经理时所管理的基金规模较大,收取的管理费较多,所在基金公司资产管理规模排名前 10 的概率较高． 名校基金经理在平均业绩上没有表现得较好,但他们的早期职场仍更加顺利,这更可能是信号效应的结果． 在职场后期,是否毕业于名校对基金经理升职降职或加薪减薪均没有显著影响,业绩和能力才是决定基金经理后期职业发展的因素． 这些发现表明名校学历只是入职的敲门砖,而它本身并不足以成为升职加薪的决定因素． 研究丰富了基金研究中关于基金经理职业发展的文献,对于客观理性看待“名校热”这一现象,具有重要的现实意义．     

The credibility premiums based on estimated moment-generating function

Traditionally, experience ratemaking is in principle based on the idea of Bühlmann’s credibility theory that, except for net premiums, was rarely applied to other premium calculation principles. This article uses Bühlmann’s credibility procedure to estimate moment-generating functions (MGFs) of risks and then deduces estimates of moments of those risks. For the premium calculation principles that can be expressed as functions of certain moments or more directly of the MGFs, this article develops a new type of experience ratemaking methods by means of the estimated MGFs and discusses their consistency and asymptotic normality. Numerical simulation shows that, under the Esscher and exponential premium principles, the new credibility estimates are better than existing credibilityestimates in the literature.     

How beauty works. Theoretical mechanisms and two empirical applications on students' evaluation of teaching

Plenty of studies show that the physical appearance of a person affects a variety of outcomes in everyday life. However, due to an incomplete theoretical explication and empirical problems in disentangling different beauty effects, it is unclear which mechanisms are at work. To clarify how beauty works we present explanations from evolutionary theory and expectation states theory and show where both perspectives differ and where interlinkage appears promising. Using students' evaluations of teaching we find observational and experimental evidence for the different causal pathways of physical attractiveness. First, independent raters strongly agree over the physical attractiveness of a person. Second, attractive instructors receive better student ratings. Third, students attend classes of attractive instructors more frequently – even after controlling for teaching quality. Fourth, we find no evidence that attractiveness effects become stronger if rater and ratee are of the opposite sex. Finally, the beauty premium turns into a penalty if an attractive instructor falls short of students' expectations.     

上海证券市场股票收益和流动性研究

选取2004年10月1日至2005年3月1日上证50成份股数据，采用Wind资讯金融终端日交易数据构造的非流动性代理变量与北京色诺芬CCER高频分笔交易数据得出的代理变量这两种方法，度量股票市场的非流动性。研究结果表明，股票收益是非流动性代理变量的增函数，且第二种方法得出的结果更明确。实证结果还发现，股票市场不存在流动性波动风险溢价。     

所有权性质、政治关联与股权转让溢价

本文以2004—2006年间发生的我国上市公司股权协议转让事件为样本,研究所有权性质、政治关联对股权转让溢价的影响。研究发现,国有股权的协议转让溢价显著高于民营企业股权的转让溢价。这说明,由于各级政府和监管部门对国有股权监管力度较大,以及国有股权受关注较多,使得国有股权在协议转让过程中会出现较明显的溢价。研究还发现,无论国有股权还是民营企业股权,协议转让溢价与公司的政治关联均负相关,这表明政治关联的存在,不仅会影响公司国有股权的运作,还可能影响民营股权的价值。     

基于不可观测宏观经济变量估计风险溢价

宏观经济因素,特别是不可观测的宏观经济因素,如消费指数预期偏差和预期增长等是影响投资者期望收益的重要变量.文章在应用卡尔曼滤波方法估计消费指数预期偏差和消费指数预期增长的基础上,通过包含有可观测变量、不可观测变量宏观经济变量的APT模型,估算影响投资者期望收益各宏观经济因素的风险溢价.结果表明,消费指数预期的偏差和消费指数预期的增长这两个不可观测宏观经济因素对有价证券超额收益的贡献最显著.     

Shareholders' Wealth‐Maximizing Operating Decisions and Risk Management Practices in a Mixed Contracts Economy

This paper establishes a critically important positive role for operations management practices and financial hedging. We show that operations management decisions and financial hedging are intertwined, and we advance a framework that can identify their combined effects on investors' wealth. We show that: (a) firms (publicly traded corporations) will optimally hold adequate riskless working capital (e.g., cash) to minimize the cost of obtaining non‐financial inputs, and the magnitude of this cash holding depends on operating details, and (b) operations management and financial hedging can lower firms' cash requirements, and boost productivity, defined as the wealth created in the firm per dollar of invested capital. Productivity‐enhancing practices—by “freeing up” some of the firm's cash—can maximize the investors' wealth. We show that these results obtain because firms' contracts with many of the providers of non‐financial inputs are not traded, and because investors can invest not just in public corporations but also in businesses “outside the markets” (e.g., proprietorships, partnerships, and private equity).     

人民币汇率风险溢价波动的状态转换研究

基于马尔科夫状态转换方法的自回归条件方差模型,对人民币汇率风险溢价在2002年1 月至2010年10月间的波动行为进行研究后发现,偏离非抛补利率平价的人民币兑美元汇率风险溢价波 动存在明显的状态转换行为。在全球金融危机期间的2007年9月至2008年8月以及2010年7 - 10月, 汇率风险溢价处于高波动状态,其余时间段处于低波动状态。进一步比较宏观经济变量在高、低两种波 动状态下的波动性后发现,汇率、利率、物价水平等货币性因素的波动性在两种状态下存在显著差异,而 生产和消费等非货币因素的波动性并不存在显著差异,而且资本管制和汇率稳定政策能够降低人民币汇 率风险溢价的波动性。     

差异化的中国“美貌溢价”

通过匹配CFPS2018年数据库中的受访者外貌评分,选取颜值指标并将其与微观数据匹配,利用Stata工具实证研究颜值对个人收入的影响。研究结果表明,颜值对个人收入具有显著的正向影响,且颜值对女性的影响程度大于男性,但是颜值对于具有大学教育背景的受访者而言,作用并未增强。利用工具变量解决内生性偏误后,颜值对个人收入具有显著正向影响的结论依然稳健。机制分析表明,颜值可以通过增强社会信任和提高互联网使用频率促进个人收入增长。