Understanding work enjoyment among older workers: The significance of flexible work options and age discrimination in the workplace

Although the number of older workers in the U.S. is increasing, there is a gap in knowledge on whether or not they actually enjoy working. This study, based on a conceptual framework focusing on job resources and demands, explored likely workplace determinants of work enjoyment among older workers aged 50 or over. Using the 2012 wave of the Health and Retirement Study, a partial proportional odds model was used to detect determinants of work enjoyment. Results showed that higher levels of work enjoyment were significantly and negatively associated with the level of perceived retirement pressure and promotion preference for younger workers, and positively associated with moving to less demanding positions. Self-employment showed a noticeable enhancement of work enjoyment. This study highlights the significance of flexible work options and age discrimination in the workplace in understanding work enjoyment later in life.     

基层公务员工作压力与领导方式交互效应研究

随着服务型政府建设工作的日益推进,基层公务员的工作内容和范畴发生了深刻变化,压力问题日益凸显,这些变化对公务员工作满意度产生了一系列影响。同时,逐渐趋于年轻化的基层公务员群体受领导者行为风格影响颇深,领导风格的介入是否会改变工作压力与工作满意度间的传统关系值得深思与探讨。通过访谈、实地考察和问卷调研的方式,以安徽省217名基层公务员为样本,选取植根于中国本土文化家长式领导中的仁慈领导与威权领导两个维度,探讨双元工作压力与二维领导方式及其交互效应对基层公务员工作满意度的影响。研究发现,挑战性工作压力与威权领导间的交互效应和与仁慈领导间的交互效应分别对基层公务员工作满意度具有显著的负向和正向影响;阻碍性工作压力与威权领导间的交互效应和与仁慈领导间的交互效应对基层公务员工作满意度分别具有显著的正向和负向影响。     

我国副省级城市人口压力评价与比较研究——基于2010年第六次人口普查的数据分析

人口增长率的下降和人口老龄化等多种人口因素变化将给城市经济发展带来一定的人口压力。2010年第六次人口普查数据表明,我国城市经济发展的人口压力普遍加大。通过定性与定量相结合对15个副省级城市的人口压力进行评价与对比,找出各城市形成人口压力的主要原因,以供参考。     

微型动静压轴承FLUENT仿真研究

采用动静压轴承的工作特点,分析和建立了微型动静压轴承工作时油膜数学模型。通过计算流体力学软件Fluent对螺旋油腔在低黏度介质中的仿真研究,得到出口截面的温度数据,并且分析了该轴承在静态和动态时的温度场和压力场分布情况。     

多层气藏井分层产量贡献计算方法及影响因素

分析了无层间窜流多层气藏渗流机理，建立了考虑井筒储集和各层不同表皮情况下的层间无窜流圆形封闭边界气藏渗流数学模型，求得了多层合采气井分层产量贡献和井底无因次压力在拉普拉斯空间的解析解，利用Stehfest反演算法获得了分层产量贡献和井底无因次压力在实空间的解。研究表明：（1） 不考虑表皮效应影响时，在压力波传播到边界之前，分层产量贡献近似等于β_j；当压力波传播到边界形成拟稳态流时，分层产量贡献近似等于ω_j；（2） 表皮系数S_j的存在使得分层产量贡献不再近似等于β_j或ω_j，一般而言，表皮系数越大的层其产量贡献将降低，表皮系数越小的层其产量贡献将增大。研究结果有助于现场工艺措施的选择和气井的合理配产。     

组织压力视野下自我效能信念的启动

自我效能信念是一种生成能力，可以产生积极思维的力量，启动个体动因感。探索组织压力产生的原因及造成的结果，确定自我效能信念的积极作用，启动自我效能信念，将组织压力有效转化为组织发展动力和创造力，是本文核心所在。     

平行分度凸轮机构的压力角分析与计算

本文用复数矢量法导出了平行分度凸轮机构计算压力角的通用公式，并分析了在整个分度过程中最大压力角的可能发生位置，指出已有文献中的一些不足之处．本文最后有实例分析     

侦查讯问压力策略浅论

犯罪嫌疑人在讯问过程中抗拒审讯的心理基础是其构造的心理平衡。要取得讯问的圆满成功，就必须通过各种手段施加持续压力和心理刺激，打破犯罪嫌疑人的心理平衡。讯问中打破犯罪嫌疑人心理平衡的策略主要有使用证据策略、情感沟通策略、影响心理策略。     

The association between blood pressure and work stress: The importance of measuring isolated systolic hypertension

The objective was to study whether the relationships between elevated blood pressure and (a) work stress as related to the stressor overtime, and (b) unwinding after work, depend on what kind of criteria are used for the diagnosis of hypertension. A total of 126 healthy men (aged 20-66 years) employed in white-collar jobs were tested over 24 hours by means of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on a regular working day. Four groups were defined according to their blood pressure status: normotensives (NT), hypertensives (HT), isolated systolic hypertensives (ISH), and isolated diastolic hypertensives (IDH). No differences of age, body mass index, overtime work, and disturbed unwinding were found between the normotensives and the hypertensives. ISH was found to be related to working overtime and to disturbed unwinding but not to biological risk factors; IDH, however, was related exclusively to the biological risk factor high body mass index. Thus, significant differences associated with overtime were found between ISH and both NT and IDH, with the isolated systolic hypertensives carrying out more than twice as much overtime as the normotensives or isolated diastolic hypertensives. More men with a disturbed ability to relax and vital exhaustion were found in the ISH group than in the NT group. It seems that, in addition to the usual diagnosis of hypertension, the classification of ISH and IDH adds new information about the relationship between blood pressure elevation and both work stress and disturbed unwinding.     

急诊周围静脉压监测代替中心静脉压监测的可行性研究

目的探索一种简便实用的,在不具备中心静脉压(CVP)监测的急诊情况下,通过测量周围静脉压(PVP),间接实时监测全身血容量和心功能变化。方法18例休克或心力衰竭患者,行CVP监测。同时选择大静脉建立输液通道。利用普通输液器代替测压管进行PVP监测。比较所测得PVP与CVP的相关性。尝试利用急诊PVP监测指导静脉补液和抗心衰治疗。结果利用普通输液器可以方便快速的测量出患者PVP。PVP与CVP具有显著正相关(r=0.48,P<0.05)。利用急诊PVP监测指导抗休克和抗心衰治疗疗效满意。结论PVP监测可以准确、迅速反映全身血容量和心功能变化,同时简便易行,在急诊中可代替CVP监测。