我国商业银行金融产品创新不足的原因

与西方银行金融产品创新蓬勃发展相比,我国商业银行金融产品创新则明显不足,这其中的原因不在于我国分业的经营制度,金融市场不发达等外部因素,而主要是在于银行业过去发展的模式已经不再适用于新的形式。旧的发展模式在金融不断深化、银行业的开放程度不断增强的今天,日益显现出其内在的局限性,严重地影响了银行业的经营效益和整体竞争能力的提高。所以,应该尽快强化我国银行机构的市场主体地位,健全内部治理结构。     

Folk theorems for the observable implications of repeated games

The fact that infinitely repeated games have many different equilibrium outcomes is known as the Folk Theorem. Previous versions of the Folk Theorem have characterized only the payoffs of the game. This paper shows that over a finite portion of an infinitely repeated game, the concept of perfect equilibrium imposes virtually no restrictions on observable behavior. The Prisoner's Dilemma is presented as an example and discussed in detail.I would like to thank an anonymous referee, Sushil Bikhchandani, David Hirshleifer, David Levine, Thomas Voss, and participants in the UCLA Game Theory Seminar for helpful comments.     

转型期媒体人职业存在感的建构策略与困境——基于2016年记者节媒体人言论表达的分析

传统大众传播渠道日渐衰落,媒体人的存在感遭受严重冲击。关注记者节媒体人的言论表达文本,对于了解他们的价值构建策略意义较大。媒体人一方面感知到价值"失序"对身份认同的冲击,另一方面企图通过倡导"理想""信念"和"公正"3种理念,以"专业""理想"以及"神话"3种话语进行"区隔",以与普通民众相区别。然时易势迁,专业主义的"理想情怀"、文人论政的"文化基因"所成就的新闻理想虽能区隔,但被认同的空间愈益狭窄。在当前媒介市场完全竞争以及传播内容碎片化的情形之下,验证并整合信息与观点是媒体人专业性的体现,也是其获得存在感的重要支点。     

利益相关者对话实践与远程医疗的伦理困境之解决

远程医疗伦理困境及其产生的原因主要是传统伦理评价中的理性缺陷,以及远程医疗利益相关者之间沟通的不确定性、异质性与对话普遍诉求难题。解决这一伦理困境需要运用对话伦理学的对话理性优势以克服传统伦理评价缺陷,以对话不断解决对话认识的开放性与异质性问题,并付诸远程医疗利益相关者之间不断进行的对话实践,最终达成伦理上的完善,由此建构一种不断在对话中进行且未来可行的动态多元远程医疗评价体系。     

中国公共文化服务社会化:现实困境与破解路径

近年来,党中央国务院多次出台政策法规,鼓励社会力量参与公共文化服务建设,将社会化运营作为提升公共文化服务水平的创新路径。随着中国文化体制改革的不断深入,政府支持力度的加大,中国城市公共文化服务主体规模不断扩大、建设模式日趋多元化、示范性项目不断涌现。但公共文化服务建设中也出现了运营质量不高、实操政策缺位、主体职能定位模糊、可持续能力较低等问题。针对诸类问题,政府部门可从以下几方面破解现存困境,优化公共文化服务机制:充分发挥多元社会力量优势,提高专业化运营水平;完善配套政策,明确制度标准;厘清政府部门职责,优化监督管理机制;拓宽融资渠道,强化激励机制。     

县域幼儿教师培训的困境及对策分析

工学矛盾突出、补偿性学习需求强烈、专业支持服务较弱、外部专业力量介入不足都是当前县域幼儿教师培训工作中普遍存在的难题。县域幼儿教师培训困境的症结就在于：对学前教育正确理念的漠视与偏失、基层研修队伍的匮乏与失衡、培训软硬件资源的不足与浪费以及基层培训体制的刚性与僵化。县域学前教育事业的健康发展,需要重视对幼儿教师培训的顶层设计与分类指导,重视基层研修网络及团队建设,重视多方面培训力量的汇聚,全面推进幼儿教师培训模式的改革与创新。     

奥尔森困境、农民专业合作经济组织与中国农民收入增长

20世纪90年代以来,中国城乡居民收入差距处于不断扩大的趋势,其中的一个重要原因在于城乡二元体制。一种解释认为中国城乡二元体制的根源在于＂奥尔森困境＂,但从中国的实践可以看出,随着我国农民数量的不断减少,并未出现所谓的＂奥尔森困境＂。事实上,中国长期农民权利的弱化,制度成因在于农民弱势的社会等级制度,而隐藏在其背后的真正原因是由于农民利益集团的缺失,因而要大力发展农民专业合作经济组织,提高农民的组织化程度,打破目前城乡分割的二元体制,以促进农民收入增长。     

Applying the matching law as micro-foundation of social phenomena

Social phenomena are suggested to be explained by the matching law - an empirical regularity of individual behaviour. While a considerable amount of psychological research on this law exists, only a few sociological applications can be found. This paper points to the problems that come with its usage as micro-foundation of social behaviour and provides solutions. In particular, a model of melioration learning enables the derivation of social phenomena from the matching law. The proposed approach is illustrated by the application of the learning model to the volunteer's dilemma. In contrast to game-theoretical solutions, the matching law leads to more intuitive results in case of the asymmetric dilemma. The relationship between the matching law and utility maximisation is discussed by its integration into economic consumer theory.     

中小微企业的生存困境与对策

中小微企业是国民经济运行的基础,但我国目前中小微企业生存困境重重,数量虽然庞大,但平均寿命只有三五年,既有外在的原因也有其内在的不足。中小微企业要发展壮大,必须摒弃急功近利思想,以诚信为本,加强自主创新,注重产品差异化,同时要优化企业股权结构,实现现代企业管理。     

Decision interactions of the monetary and fiscal authorities in the choice of policy mix

Abstract

This article presents an analysis of the states of equilibrium and Pareto optimality of the solutions in the monetary-fiscal games between the fiscal and monetary authorities each having either two or three qualitatively different strategies: expansive, neutral and restrictive. Two sets of assumptions about the influence, exerted by the instruments of the monetary policy (real interest rate) and by those of the fiscal policy (budgetary deficit related to the GDP), on the state of economy (rate of economic growth and inflation) are considered. The results obtained indicate that, along with the case of the prisoner's dilemma, to which the discussion in the major publications on the subject is limited, other situations may also occur, where the independent decisions of the central bank and the government do not necessarily lead to the choice of a Pareto non-optimal solution.