管制刑制度的改造构想

“以缓代管”现象在我国刑事司法实践中颇为常见,其根源在于管制与缓刑这两类刑罚未能清晰区分和有序衔接,并在刑罚执行中多一概施以社区矫正等措施为更科学地运用管制刑罚,有必要对其在适用条件、适用范围等要素构造,以及数罪并罚情形下的适用方法作制度改进。在管制与缓刑的执行制度衔接中,人格调查与评估情况可引入梯度化的社区服务（公益劳动）,在矫正时形成轻重有别的不同层次,从而有助于教育、引导和鞭策反社会性较轻的犯罪分子,并促进其复归社会。     

社区矫正本土化若干问题的思考

社区矫正引入中国应当考虑中国的国情,非监禁刑的大规模适用是社区矫正制度本土化的必然要求,而中国非监禁刑比例极低,应当在立法以及司法层面作出改革:第一,将劳动教养轻罪化,基本纳入社区矫正的范围;第二,在刑事司法中引入审前释放和暂缓起诉制度.文章还对当前社区矫正试点中志愿者的角色进行了探讨.     

唐代御史台的里行官

本文着重讨论唐代御史台里行官的设置、任用性质和意义,认为:里行官是唐代御史台监察御史的特殊任用形式,其性质是试摄官。唐代后期,诸使府参佐和三司巡院官带御史者也多有里行的任职形式,其性质近于假借官。     

Penal and welfare conditionality: Discipline or degradation?

This paper aims to complement analyses of welfare conditionality by examining what can be learned from studies of conditional punishment in the criminal justice system. Drawing on a range of recent studies, I explore lived experiences of the conditionality attendant on penal forms of supervision; penal forms that have expanded rapidly in recent decades. I argue that, to paraphrase Stan Cohen, such supervision is as much about the dispersal of degradation as it is about the dispersal of discipline. Indeed, in contemporary western societies, both in punishment and in welfare systems, I suggest that conditionality functions less to discipline poor and marginalised people and more to disqualify them from the entitlements of ordinary citizenship. In so doing, conditionality constructs them as denizens, thus serving to limit the liabilities for the state that arise from social inequalities. Extending Delroy Fletcher and Sharon Wright's metaphor, the abusive slaps now meted out in concert by both hands of the penal state are as much about degrading and denying the entitlements of “needy” denizens as they are about influencing their conduct. But crucially, even within the increasingly restrictive context created by these developments, penal practitioners can and do provide care and assistance.     

两次教育见习之间的内在联系与区别

高等师范院校两次见习的内在联系是以角色转换为目的 ,以课堂教学为载体 ,以掌握中学教材为归宿。其区别是 ,第一次见习为宏观见习 ,第二次见习为微观见习。所谓宏观见习是指从整体上把握中学教学的各个环节 ,熟悉中学教材、中学教师和中学生 ,所谓微观见习是与教育实习紧密结合 ,通过听课学会教材分析、编写教案、设计板书     

完善我国缓刑制度的几点思考

我国刑法关于缓刑的立法设置仍然存在着有待进一步完善的地方:立法应当设定一个统一的适用标准来判断何谓缓刑的实质条件———不致再危害社会;公安机关仍然应当是最适宜的缓刑考察机关,不过公安机关和群众监督要相互依存、相互制约;建议增加行业人士介入到缓刑考察的过程中;对因为犯新罪而被撤销缓刑的,新罪在犯罪性质或刑罚种类上可作一些必要的限制;刑法应当肯定缓刑也能减刑。     

对我国未成年人非刑罚处置的思考

非刑罚化运动是与非犯罪化并驾齐驱的当代刑法改革的两大主题之一,是刑法谦抑思想指导下,要求严格收缩法定刑罚圈,广泛适用刑罚的替代措施。在非刑罚化运动的影响下,各国未成年人司法制度非刑罚化已成为主流。我国未成年人司法制度顺应这一潮流,进行了与我国有关的方针和政策相吻合的一系列如社会服务令、监管令等突破传统司法模式的制度探索。目前有必要以此为契机,建立符合“双向保护”原则指导下的保护观察制度,并坚持制度尝试,完善各种非刑罚处置措施的推行制度。     

The Meanings of Family in Substance Users’ Change Talk During Motivational Interviewing: A Qualitative Study

Only a very small number of studies have examined the meaning of significant others in motivational interviewing (MI) sessions. The aim of this qualitative study is to provide insights into substance users’ experience of the meaning of family in the change process and to expand current understanding about the significance of family relationships in change talk during MI. The analyses are based on videotaped data consisting of 98 MI sessions in the Finnish Probation Service. The results show that family relationships are important and diverse factors that promote or hinder motivation to change in substance users’ change talk.     

从非法占用农用地罪看罚金刑的适用——以2019年内蒙古非法占用林地案件为例

《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(9)》对罚金刑进行大规模的修改之后,无限额罚金制的适用更加广泛,罚金数额如何确定也引起了不小的争论。基于对2019年内蒙古348个非法占用林地案件的研究分析表明,占用林地案件普遍存在适用缓刑较多、判处罚金数额波动幅度大、法官自由裁量权较大、量刑标准各异等问题。针对量刑标准缺失、法官自由裁量时倾向不同的司法现状,提出可通过司法解释和指导性案例的方式来分位阶细化无限额罚金刑量刑标准,结合辅助性措施来合理适用缓刑。     

论教育见习的目标取向与目标研制

我国学界近30年来对教育见习的研究不仅数量严重不足,而且有效性特别差,普遍缺乏目标责任意识。通过教育部示范项目“基于职业胜任取向的整合式师范生教育见习实习模式”的实施探索和文献研究,对于如何研制教育见习目标这一问题,提出了职业胜任取向,讨论了影响见习目标研制的八个因素,形成了基于职业胜任取向的教育见习目标样例,以期全面提高见习目标的针对性和实效性。