自主性游戏中教师回应行为调查研究

教师恰当的回应行为能够促进幼儿自主性游戏水平的逐步提高。本次研究旨在对自主性游戏中幼儿教师的回应行为现状进行质化与量化相结合的研究,通过笔者的非参与性观察和对幼儿教师的问卷及访谈,收集资料,并对数据进行统计,从回应行为的次数及回应方式、回应类型多角度进行分析。结果表明：自主性游戏中缺乏教师回应行为;幼儿教师的消极回应占据主要比重;回应行为模式化,教师无法正确把握回应的时机与方式。在此基础上,笔者提出了相关建议,以期帮助幼儿教师进一步提高在自主性游戏中的回应能力,从而提高幼儿的自主性游戏水平。     

基于三阶段DEA模型的嘉兴海洋产业效率

运用三阶段DEA（数据包络分析）模型对嘉兴市2006-2010年海洋产业效率进行研究表明:嘉兴市海洋产业发展处于规模报酬递减阶段;市场占有率提高有利于提高嘉兴市海洋产业效率;国有制形式是嘉兴市海洋产业效率的不利因素;企业资本结构对海洋产业效率的影响具有不确定性。     

浅谈城市民族问题

城市大多是一个地方或地区的政治、经济、文化的中心 ,人口流动性大 ,社会影响力强。加之现在流动到城市的少数民族越来越多 ,城市民族问题与其他社会问题掺杂在一起 ,具有敏感性、辐射性、连锁反应性等特点。城市民族关系已经成为反映我国民族关系好坏的晴雨表。因此 ,研究城市民族问题意义十分重大。本文将从城市少数民族的特点 ,城市民族问题及其主要内容、特点 ,城市民族问题与城市民族工作等五方面分析、论述城市民族问题。     

Lower bounds and a tabu search algorithm for the minimum deficiency problem

An edge coloring of a graph G=(V,E) is a function c:E→ℕ that assigns a color c(e) to each edge e∈E such that c(e)≠c(e′) whenever e and e′ have a common endpoint. Denoting S _v (G,c) the set of colors assigned to the edges incident to a vertex v∈V, and D _v (G,c) the minimum number of integers which must be added to S _v (G,c) to form an interval, the deficiency D(G,c) of an edge coloring c is defined as the sum ∑ _v∈V D _v (G,c), and the span of c is the number of colors used in c. The problem of finding, for a given graph, an edge coloring with a minimum deficiency is NP-hard. We give new lower bounds on the minimum deficiency of an edge coloring and on the span of edge colorings with minimum deficiency. We also propose a tabu search algorithm to solve the minimum deficiency problem and report experiments on various graph instances, some of them having a known optimal deficiency.     

A successive approximation algorithm for the multiple knapsack problem

It is well-known that the multiple knapsack problem is NP-hard, and does not admit an FPTAS even for the case of two identical knapsacks. Whereas the 0-1 knapsack problem with only one knapsack has been intensively studied, and some effective exact or approximation algorithms exist. A natural approach for the multiple knapsack problem is to pack the knapsacks successively by using an effective algorithm for the 0-1 knapsack problem. This paper considers such an approximation algorithm that packs the knapsacks in the nondecreasing order of their capacities. We analyze this algorithm for 2 and 3 knapsack problems by the worst-case analysis method and give all their error bounds.     

An improved approximation algorithm for uncapacitated facility location problem with penalties

In this paper, we consider an interesting variant of the classical facility location problem called uncapacitated facility location problem with penalties (UFLWP for short) in which each client is either assigned to an opened facility or rejected by paying a penalty. The UFLWP problem has been effectively used to model the facility location problem with outliers. Three constant approximation algorithms have been obtained (Charikar et al. in Proceedings of the Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 642–651, 2001; Jain et al. in J. ACM 50(6):795–824, 2003; Xu and Xu in Inf. Process. Lett. 94(3):119–123, 2005), and the best known performance ratio is 2. The only known hardness result is a 1.463-inapproximability result inherited from the uncapacitated facility location problem (Guha and Khuller in J. Algorithms 31(1):228–248, 1999). In this paper, We present a 1.8526-approximation algorithm for the UFLWP problem. Our algorithm significantly reduces the gap between known performance ratio and the inapproximability result. Our algorithm first enhances the primal-dual method for the UFLWP problem (Charikar et al. in Proceedings of the Symposium on Discrete Algorithms, pp. 642–651, 2001) so that outliers can be recognized more efficiently, and then applies a local search heuristic (Charikar and Guha in Proceedings of the 39th IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pp. 378–388, 1999) to further reduce the cost for serving those non-rejected clients. Our algorithm is simple and can be easily implemented. The research of this work was supported in part by NSF through CAREER award CCF-0546509 and grant IIS-0713489. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the 11th Annual International Computing and Combinatorics Conference (COCOON’05).     

Indoor Tanning and Problem Behavior

Objective: The authors examined factors predicting college students' use of tanning beds. Participants and Methods: Undergraduate students (N = 745) at a large Northeastern university participated in the study by answering a survey measuring tanning behavior and other psychosocial variables, including sensation seeking, self-esteem, tanning image beliefs, and friends' tanning bed use. Results: All 3 systems from problem behavior theory predicted past tanning bed use and intention to use tanning beds. The authors observed a positive association between sensation seeking and intention to use tanning beds. Tanning image beliefs were positively associated with both past tanning behavior and intention to use tanning beds. Conclusions: Interventions focusing on friend and acquaintance social network influences may be more effective than health-risk campaigns in reducing tanning bed use.     

Motherless Subjects and Mothered Selves: The Implications of Jacques Lacan’s and Donald Winnicott’s Writings on the Formation of the ‘I’ for American Studies

ABSTRACT

This article contrasts the theories of ego formation put forward in Jacques Lacan’s ‘The Mirror Stage’ and Donald Winnicott’s ‘The Mirror Role of the Mother,’ and discusses their methodological implications for the field of American studies. While Lacan theorises subjectivity as irreparably split and (self-)alienated, Winnicott offers an optimistic version of a self which is sustained in its going-on-being by a nourishing maternal presence. These disparate conceptualisations of the human being produce two powerful frames through which to approach culture. Yet, while Lacan is widely recognised in the American studies scholarship, Winnicott remains virtually unknown. This article aims to enhance the visibility of the British author by outlining the productivity of his ideas for any cultural or literary analysis. By stressing the foundational significance of the primary bond Winnicott’s theory intervenes in the recent critiques of neoliberal capitalism which remain halted in a Lacanian-like melancholic mode, masked by a cultural command of perpetual enjoyment. The Winnicottian perspective challenges Lacan’s fixation on the unattainable objects of desire, reiterated by the neoliberal myth of self-perfection through consumption, and offers an alternative pattern of human sociality, based on relational, self-reflexive moderation.     

高校党风廉政建设的问题与对策——基于巡视监督的理性思考

加强巡视监督,在改变高校"一把手"弱监状况、改变"高校体制内"监督状况、改变高校"被动型"监督状况、改变高校"滞后性"监督状况、助力高校"自主性"监督状况中具有不可替代性。巡视视角下高校党风廉政建设存在的突出问题表现在四个方面:在基建和采购方面的腐败易高发,在招生用人方面的腐败难规避,在资金运营方面的问题较严重,在各种评比中存在的腐败最痛心。高校巡视工作对于高校党风廉政建设和各项事业的科学发展有积极作用,但高校党风廉政建设还必须倚重于其自廉的意识和能力。