特殊情况下弱势群体住房问题的法律救失与出入机制

特殊情况是弱势群体的特殊情况,弱势群体是特殊情况的弱势群体,这两个概念之间往往难解难分,"结伴"而行。住房问题既是弱势群体非常现实而重要的问题,也是构建社会主义和谐社会的题中应有之意。鉴于此,本文在对弱势群体的住房问题成因分析的基础上,拟从法律救失,尤其是出入机制及其相关法律法规和政策的建立与完善的方面予以探讨。     

弱势群体偏差行为社会矫正的制度分析

社会转型期,我国出现了大量的弱势群体,由于政治、经济、文化等各方面的原因,导致弱势群体出现了严重的偏差行为,影响了我国的经济建设和社会稳定。本文从制度分析入手,从社会学、政治学的多学科视角分析我国弱势群体偏差行为的形成机制,借助于行为偏差理论,研究弱势群体偏差行为的成因及社会矫正的若干对策,从而探讨弱势群体调整行为目标,优化社会结构的可能性与重要性。社会矫正是纠正弱势群体偏差行为的较好出路,所以不仅要加强制度的整合和创新,同时应提高政府制度实施机制的效率,发挥社区网络支持的作用,从而有效地矫正弱势群体的偏差行为。     

国有控股公司党组织参与决策初探

阐释了国有控股公司治理出现的新变化以及给企业党组织带来的新情况,重点分析了国有控股公司党组织参与决策不仅是必要的而且是可行的,同时指出公司党组织参与决策的不适应之处还需要进一步探索研究。     

论弱势群体的社会法保护

弱势群体的大量存在引发一系列的社会问题,成为构建和谐社会的一大障碍。社会法作为兼具公法与私法双重属性的第三法域,可以为弱势群体提供最佳的保护。我国保护弱势群体的法律制度还不健全,对弱势群体的保护仍存在不足,应进一步完善社会法,向弱势群体倾斜,保障和促进弱势群体享有劳动权、社会保障权、结社权等各项基本人权。     

预设推理与语篇情景组合模式

预设推理是一种以读者经验争认知结构为基础的认知活动.对语篇语义的理解,既需要读者解读语言因素又需要读者的非语言因素的参与,即与语篇相关的预设推理.语篇情景组合就是作者利用先前存入的知识以及认知能力并与文本中的符号产生联系,以互明的认知情境为栽体,在话语之间建构最佳关联,以取得最大语境效果,创设情景的心理认知过程.文章拟从读者在解读语篇时所采用的预设推理方法以及作者在建构语篇时所采用的语篇情景组合模式两方面来探讨含义推导的心理认知过程.     

Research approaches to networked employment services: A systematic review

Research on networked services aimed at the (re)employment of groups marginalised from the labour market has gained momentum in different scholarly traditions (e.g., public administration, healthcare and social policy), but the topic remains somewhat fragmented. In this paper, we systematise and synthesise this research with the aim of outlining distinct research approaches, facilitating increased cross-disciplinary understandings and promoting interdisciplinary research. Based on a systematic review of the literature (1990–2018, n = 273), we highlight four dominant research approaches: rehabilitation, disability, welfare and governance. We show that these research approaches involve distinct conceptualisations of labour market inclusion, networked services and the target groups. Nevertheless, the research approaches also apply similar terms and concepts (e.g., partnership, collaboration) but with different (more or less implicit) connotations, which lead to fragmentation. We do not suggest that there be a unified use of concepts across traditions; however, we argue for the necessity of increased awareness of the similarities and differences between these research traditions in order to increase understanding of the networked employment services available to marginalised groups.     

Quantile estimation and comparing two independent groups with an approach based on percentile bootstrap

Although the most common approach for comparing two independent groups is on the basis of some measure of location, determination of the differences in the tails of the groups is often of interest. In this study, Harrell–Davis estimator, Sfakianakis–Verginis estimators and default quantile estimator of R are used in conjunction with a percentile bootstrap method with the aim of comparing two independent groups via the quantiles, and the relative efficiencies of Harrell–Davis and Sfakianakis–Verginis estimators are compared. General performance of Sfakianakis–Verginis estimators was much better than Harrell–Davis estimator in terms of both saving actual type I error and relative efficiency.     

参照群体、相对位置与微观分配公平感:都市户籍移民与流动人口的比较分析

本文详细考察和比较了都市户籍移民和流动人口分配公平感形塑过程中参照群体选择及相对位置效应的内在逻辑，揭示了社会比较机制的具体作用机理。研究发现，在报告分配公平感时，户籍身份成为都市移民选择参照对象的制度性基础，拥有都市户口者方可成为户籍移民的参照对象，而流动人口的参照群体更为开放和多元，倾向于与所有都市常住居民进行比较。与此同时，即便考虑到社会网络结构、迁移时长、迁移世代等因素，结论仍具稳健性，来源地居民均不会被二者视为参照群体。另一方面，实证结果显示，相对位置距离对分配公平感的形塑作用之于户籍移民和流动人口并无显著差异，同时呈现非对称性特征：参照优势地位者体现了“平等主义”心态，参照劣势地位者则表现出“损失厌恶”的特征；相对位置距离的拉大给参照劣势者因损失带来的厌恶情绪大于参照优势者因获益而产生的满足感知。     

大学生问题人群工作的实践与思考

做好大学生工作必须采用抓两头促中间的方法,即一头建设大学生干部队伍,一头重视大学生问题人群工作。前者是战略性工作,后者是战术性工作。要做好大学生问题人群的教育引导工作,就应对大学生问题人群进行必要的分类,并对产生的原因进行分析,以便教育工作者有针对性地开展工作。     

Affiliative Structures in Preschool Peer Groups.

Changes in affiliative organization of 15 age-graded toddler and preschool play groups were examined in terms of assessed similarity in patterns of playmate association. Measures of peer association were derived from direct observation of social interaction during free play. The degree of between subject similarity in association profiles was derived using complete linkage hierarchical clustering procedures. Findings revealed distinct social subgroups in all social groups. Secondary analyses showed a linear increase in the size of affiliative subgroups as a function of age. Measures of interactive reciprocity within social subgroups suggested progressive consolidation of affiliative structures with age. Among older children, membership within affiliative subgroups was associated with more frequent preferences for subgroup members. Findings are discussed in terms of how children's insertion within the affiliative network of their peer group constrain socialization of their behavior and provide specific experiences that serve as contexts for the construction of more intimate interpersonal relationships.