走向教学学术：大学教师专业发展的新范式

教学具有学术性特征,走向教学学术的发展路向是对“全能型”教师发展范式的否定,并已成为大学教师专业发展的新取向和新内容。教学学术可以平衡大学教师教学与科研关系,使大学教师专业发展回归大学教学的本真。在教学学术的理念下,大学教师需要广采众取,完善知识结构成为博学型教师;需要投身教学,在教学中研究成为反思型教师;通过广泛交流成为智慧型教师;需要善于整合资源成为创造型教师等方略来完成自己的专业发展。     

高校管理正义视野下的教师职称评聘

实现管理正义是建立现代大学制度的重要内容之一,而开展教师职称评聘工作是坚持高校管理正义的一项重要实践。高校在教师职称评聘工作中,必须坚持以人为本,加强制度化建设,真正发挥教师教书育人的积极性,实践高校管理正义,进而推进现代大学制度建设。     

教师的组织认同与职业认同

教师的组织认同和职业认同都是其社会认同的特殊形式,是教师与组织、职业具有一致性或从属于组织、职业的知觉。采用组织认同问卷和职业认同问卷对198名中小学教师进行调查,结果发现:(1)采用由Mael等人的组织认同问卷修改而成的职业认同问卷,对教师样本进行测量,该问卷具有较好的信度和效度指标;(2)教师的组织认同和职业认同是可以相互区分的两个心理结构;(3)依据认知水平的高低,可以将教师的认同情况划分为高组织认同、高职业认同、混合认同和认同冷漠四种类型。     

资产减值准备判断思考

资产减值准备判断标准是资产减值准备计提的关键。应制定《资产减值准则》,明确各判断标准的准确含义;对"制度和准则"中尚不明确的重要计提比例加以明确规定;专业资产评估师应对资产减值准备计提有所帮助;企业应建立资产减值准备的计提和资产损失处理的内部控制制度;提高会计工作者包括企业会计人员和注册会计师等的诚信度和职业判断能力。     

区域发展需求驱动的交通运输1程专业学位研究生培养模式探索

为了提高交通运输工程专业学位研究生的培养质量,构建解释结构模型,以解析影响专业学位研究生培养质量的指标因素,并获取各影响要素之间的递阶层次关系。在分析云南省社会经济发展需求的基础上,以昆明理工大学交通运输工程专业学位研究生培养模式为例,给出提升专业学位研究生培养质量的优化对策。结果表明：课程设计、跨学科教育、研究生培养质量评估体系与实践考核及激励制度,对专业学位研究生的培养质量具有重要影响,政府支持力度则是提升专业学位研究生培养质量的外部保障。     

高等学校的师德建设初探

教师是立校之本,师德是教育之魂。解读师德的基本内涵,对高校师德建设现状和问题产生的原因进行分析,并提出加强和改进高校师德建设的建议,很有意义。     

Skills and professional practices for the consolidation of the support group model to foster families

The research presented here is justified by the lack of tradition in Spain with regards to socio-educational intervention programmes based on training and group support, as well as the proven benefits of these methods in foster care. It addresses the need to go deeper into the acquisition and consolidation of the core professional competences for running socio-educational groups with foster families. After a process of participatory action-research with 39 professionals from the Child Protection System from different regions of Spain, we see an improvement in the development of the competences necessary to establish a supportive relationship with families, management and group dynamics, as well as the crystallization of attitudinal changes in professional practices. Data have been collected on the basis of methodological complementarity and a pre-test–post-test design that has identified and explained the changes in the evolution of competences and professional practices.     

User‐oriented mental health reform in Sweden: featuring ‘professional friendship’

In developing new forms for society‐based support for mental health service users, authorities implemented a service in Sweden, called Personligt ombud (PO), with the assignment to support service users exercising their rights. The aim of this article is to describe what service users find to be significant features of their working relationships with their PO. Using a phenomenological approach, 23 users were interviewed sharing their experiences of their PO. The results show that service users describe their relationships with the PO as a ‘professional friendship’. The friendship‐like feature refers to reciprocity in sharing life experiences and forming a trustful relationship in which professional assistance can be offered, promoting well‐being and recovery. Conclusions are that the PO provides a service that calls for re‐interpretation of professional and user roles, where both give and receive.     

Health-Care Professionals' Participation in an Online Discussion Forum: The Impact on Structure,Content and Interaction

ABSTRACT

The study investigates the impact by health-care professionals on a Norwegian Internet discussion forum. A comparison of the same forum in time-periods with either high or low level of professional involvement was performed. The hypothesis was that professional involvement would have marked effects on the interaction in discussion forums; among other things encourage short and factual/practical interaction patterns at the expense of social climate. A range of different methods were utilized, quantitative analysis, (qualitative) content analysis, and visual mapping. The results show differences between high and low professional involvement in the forum in terms of activity level, distribution over week-days, social presence density, and structure. Some methodological reflections are offered, as well as recommendations for future research.     

Causal Thinking and Computer Literacy

Summary

Professional practice in the human services often is based on implicit theories of causality regarding assessment of a problem and related interventions in a client's life. Complex applications of computing to this kind of professional activity require literacy about the underlying processes by which individuals make causal judgments. This paper presents a conceptual framework for understanding three components of causal thinking, the causal field, cues-to-causality, and causal theories, and their relationship to computing applications. For each component, several cognitive heuristics are described that can help individuals understand the components of causal thinking and link them to computer applications that might enhance the quality of professional practice.