The social construction of the medical malpractice crisis: A case study of Massachusetts physicians

This study used observations from the 1985 Massachusetts malpractice insurance rate hearings, semistructured interviews conducted in 1985–1986, a survey of Massachusetts physicians in February 1988, and newspaper reports from theBoston Globe. Physicians and the Massachusetts Medical Society have promoted the medical malpractice crisis as an economic one. The after-expense income of most physicians, however, has remained relatively constant. The more serious threat to physicians appears to be the reduction of their autonomy. It is concluded that the medical malpractice crisis has been socially constructed in economic rather than autonomy terms because, traditionally, economics has been a more acceptable basis for labor unrest in the United States. Constructing malpractice as an economic crisis presents a more viable argument for stemming social change adverse to the medical profession.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 57th annual meeting of the Eastern Sociological Society, May 1987, Boston, Massachusetts.     

就业导向下高职生创业教育及创业能力培养的途径

促进就业是现代高等教育的重要目的之一,是高职教育的基本发展导向。文章从高职生创业教育的必要性和紧迫性、高职生创业教育的现状与问题、高职生创业能力培养的途径三个方面进行论述。     

Multi-faceted psychiatric rehabilitation teams and their relation to social workers’ competencies and self-experience

Psychiatric rehabilitation social workers’ professional activity takes place within a multi-faceted rehabilitation team that includes other professionals, community agents and clients’ family members and its structure changes according to the clients’ clinical status and recovery needs. Participating effectively in such a complex team work requires social workers’ competencies of adapting, communicating, negotiating and collaborating with other professionals and non-professionals. This paper discusses the influence of the constantly changing rehabilitation environment on the social workers’ professional self-experience and suggests a few implications of this phenomenon and conclusions which may contribute to professional development of social workers.     

职业责任感是医护工作者的核心职业素养——基于对8家医院812位患者的调查

通过对8家医院812位患者的问卷调查，系统了解患者对医护工作者的职业素养需求。分析结果显示，在患者对医护工作者职业素养需求的诸多因素中，职业责任感排在首位。职业责任感应当成为医学专业精神的核心。     

粤东高校英语教师专业发展研究--以揭阳职业技术学院与韩山师范学院为例

通过揭阳职业技术学院和韩山师范学院的英语教师在学历结构、职称结构和教学学术三方面对比的方式，分析了两校英语教师队伍的现状，指出高职院校英语教师专业发展的瓶颈所在。提出高职院校英语教师专业发展策略，即加强政策支持力度，强化高校与政府合作、普高与高职院校合作，以及增强教师专业发展的自觉性等。     

探讨中法授课理念的差别及其联合授课方式

中法合作办学作为新兴的文化现象在全国各地陆续出现,而实践中中法双方在教育理念和人才培养目标等方面存在的差异日益引起重视. 通过对中法两国在专业课程设置、专业课教学内容等方面差异的分析,结合自身教学经验,从授课内容、授课语言及授课形式等方面着手,提出了一系列弥补专业课差异的对策,并以此在"过程工程"课程的教学实践中取得了明显的效果. 此外,200名中法的学生受邀参与调查问卷,反馈他们对联合教学中矛盾的认识和施行对策的态度,证实了他们对这些对策的认可.     

美国电影教育概谈

美国的学院电影教育具有发达又完备的体系,既有专业化的电影创作人员培养机制,也有阶梯化的电影研究教学架构。在这其中,美国电影教育体现出了一些突出的特点,比如制作专业细分化,同时电影研究的综合性又不断加强。在一些著名电影学府的入学机制、课程体系中,也体现出了美国学院电影教育注重学生创造性的特点。在研究美国学院电影教育的现状和类型、特点,总结其突出之处基础上,给中国的电影、电视教育带来一些有益的启示。     

编辑学发展困境与专业编辑学教育模式

近年来编辑学这门既古老又新颖的学科迅速崛起,中国的编辑学专业教育也得到快速发展。在肯定成绩的前提下,调研中国编辑学发展及编辑学教育的现状,并分析目前编辑学发展及编辑学教育中存在的问题。目前编辑学面临的发展瓶颈是编辑学教育存在着与各学科专业教育脱节现象,使得编辑学研究失去了立足点。这也是编辑学理论发展极其缓慢和导致培养的编辑出版专业的学生就业困难的根本原因,据此提出专业编辑学的概念,需要进行在有条件的高等院校开设专业编辑学的必要性和可行性分析。研究表明,编辑学应该与自然和社会科学相关专业紧密结合,而且要将各学科专业教育贯穿于编辑本科、硕士、博士培养及终生的编辑工作中,这样的编辑学教育模式才是研究和发展的方向,在数字化时代和科技迅速发展的今天,依附于编辑工作主体专业的编辑学才能长盛不衰并拥有广阔的发展前景。     

Practitioners' perceptions and decision‐making regarding child sexual exploitation – a qualitative vignette study

There has been intense controversy about the appropriate response to child sexual exploitation, with debates in the UK particularly hinging on the meaning of consent and coercion. For professionals with a duty to safeguard young people from child sexual exploitation, a key site of tension is how to avoid limiting young people's experience of agency without placing them at risk. Drawing on new qualitative research findings from a vignette study designed to trace professional perception and decision‐making, this paper argues that practitioners' perceptions regarding what counts as consent are refracted through conceptions of age and choice. However, many initial perceptions of agency and its links to age were modified through the interview process. This has implications for how supervision should operate. These topics raise issues of the need for practitioners to have nuanced conceptions of consent in the context of manipulation.     

Skills and professional practices for the consolidation of the support group model to foster families

The research presented here is justified by the lack of tradition in Spain with regards to socio-educational intervention programmes based on training and group support, as well as the proven benefits of these methods in foster care. It addresses the need to go deeper into the acquisition and consolidation of the core professional competences for running socio-educational groups with foster families. After a process of participatory action-research with 39 professionals from the Child Protection System from different regions of Spain, we see an improvement in the development of the competences necessary to establish a supportive relationship with families, management and group dynamics, as well as the crystallization of attitudinal changes in professional practices. Data have been collected on the basis of methodological complementarity and a pre-test–post-test design that has identified and explained the changes in the evolution of competences and professional practices.