基于层次分析法的创新型中小企业融资能力

根据创新型中小企业的自身特性,以市场环境为出发点,建立创新型中小企业融资能力评价含20个指标的三级指标体系,采用层次分析法,依据专家评分计算出各指标相对权重,并选取深圳证券交易所20家创新型中小企业的2014年公司年报相关数据进行实证分析。实证结果表明利用层次分析法能够很好地对创新型中小企业融资能力进行合理评价与分类。     

共同富裕:社会主义的最终目标

邓小平根据马克思主义基本原理 ,总结国内外社会主义实践的经验教训 ,明确提出社会主义的最终目标就是达到共同富裕。深刻理解共同富裕的内涵 ,对正确处理当前改革开放过程中出现的各种新问题有重大意义     

行业、资本结构和盈利能力关系的实证研究

文章首先用因子分析法得出代表上市公司盈利能力的综合指标———综合因子得分,然后用该指标作为被解释变量,以行业和资本结构为解释变量进行多元回归分析,发现我国上市公司行业门类和资本结构对上市公司的盈利能力具有显著的解释能力。文章对此进行了经济分析,并据此提出了相关政策建议。     

中国商业银行盈利能力的实证分析

商业银行盈利能力的大小是衡量其效率高低的主要指标。近年来,理论界从商业银行的规模经济、成本效率来研究中国商业银行效率的文献较多,而对中国商业银行盈利能力的研究则较少。对中国14家商业银行1994-2003年期间的盈利能力进行财务指标对比分析,发现中国四大国有商业银行的ROE、ROA明显低于10家股份制商业银行;利用计量经济学方法对中国商业银行的盈利能力与市场结构、银行产权性质关系进行回归分析,结果发现中国商业银行的盈利能力与其存款市场份额、存款资产比之间存在负相关关系,与其银行产权性质存在正相关关系。因此,建立和完善中国商业银行法人治理结构是提高其盈利能力的关键。     

Power Structure and Profitability in Assembly Supply Chains

This paper studies the impact of supply chain power structure on firms' profitability in an assembly system with one assembler and two suppliers. Two power regimes are investigated—in a Single Power Regime, a more powerful firm acts as the Stackelberg leader to decide the wholesale price but not the quantity whereas in a Dual Power Regime, both the price and quantity decisions are granted to the more powerful firm. Tallying the power positions of the three firms, for each power regime we study three power structures and investigate the system's as well as the firms' preference of power. We find that when the assembler is the most powerful firm among the three, the system‐wide profit is the highest and so is the assembler's profit. The more interesting finding is that, if the assembler is not the most powerful player in the system, more power does not necessarily guarantee her a higher profit. Similarly, a supplier's profit can also decrease with the power he has. These results contrast with the conclusion for serial systems, where a firm always prefers more power. We also find that when both suppliers are more (less) powerful than the assembler, it can be beneficial (indifferent) for everyone if the two suppliers merge into a mega supplier to make decisions jointly. When the assembler is more powerful than one supplier and less so than the other, it is always better for the system to have the two suppliers merge, and for each individual firm, merging is preferred if the firm becomes the more powerful party after merging.     

Customers’ Capital Market Information Quality and Suppliers’ Performance

We empirically examine the association between downstream firms’, i.e., customers’ capital market information quality, and the operating performance of upstream firms, i.e., suppliers. Customers’ capital market information quality is measured by the customers’ provision of earnings forecasts, the customers’ reported earnings quality, and the customers’ coverage by financial analysts and credit rating agencies. We hypothesize and find a positive association between customers’ capital market information quality and suppliers’ operating performance measured by the DuPont profitability ratios. The association is stronger for suppliers with higher sales volatility, no order backlogs, customers who are less dependent on their input, and shorter business relation with customers. Collectively, the results suggest that the quality of information provided by the customers to the capital market has a spillover effect in the input market, i.e., helps the suppliers improve their performance.     

人民币汇率波动对纺织品出口企业盈利能力的影响

构建固定效应面板模型,通过分析2005年至2018年上市纺织企业的财务指标和出口数据,研究人民币汇率波动对纺织品出口企业盈利能力的影响。结果表明:(1)人民币汇率与纺织品出口企业的盈利能力指标之间存在非线性相关性,升值和贬值同一幅度对盈利能力产生的冲击是不对称的;(2)人民币汇率波动对纺织品出口企业大部分财务盈利指标的冲击呈现了“微笑曲线”或倒“微笑曲线”模式;(3)当人民币汇率处于6.6-7.2区间时,升值会对纺织品出口企业总资产净利润率产生不利影响,而贬值则会对销售净现率产生不利影响。相关企业应根据汇率所处区间和变化趋势采取灵活的策略应对汇率波动的冲击。     

客户利润贡献度评价的数据挖掘方法

讨论了客户关系管理中的客户利润贡献度评价这一关键问题. 为了提高客户利润贡献度评 估的可操作性,本研究在评价方法中引入数据挖掘技术,给出了这一方法的步骤和基于判定树的分 类模型. 最后结合实例对该方法的应用进行了说明.     

企业盈利能力、机构投资者与股票波动风险

现有文献中对股票波动风险的研究大都从市场因素方面入手进行分析,而本研究则从企业层面因素出发,利用我国沪深上市公司2008-2012年的面板数据,考察了企业的盈利能力对股票波动风险的影响,并在此基础上重点分析了机构投资者持股在其中所起的作用。实证分析表明,企业的盈利能力越好,其股票收益的风险越小,波动性越低,反映出盈利好的企业与市场上投资者间的信息不对称程度可能越低。同时,对于机构持股比例较高的上市公司,其盈利能力与股票波动风险之间的负相关关系更加显著。说明机构投资者的存在能够"帮助"向市场传递关于企业盈利方面的信息,有助于降低企业与市场上投资者间的信息不对称程度,进而起到降低投资风险的作用。     

Performance Impacts of Strategy,Information Technology Applications,and Business Process Outsourcing in U.S. Manufacturing Plants

This paper develops a conceptual model to study the role of outsourcing strategies and plant‐level information technology (IT) application infrastructure in the outsourcing of production and support business processes, as well as their subsequent impact on overall plant performance. We validate this model empirically using cross‐sectional survey data from U.S. manufacturing plants. We find that some IT applications are more effective at enabling the outsourcing of business processes than others. For example, the implementation of enterprise management systems is associated with the outsourcing of both production and support processes, whereas operations management systems are not associated with the outsourcing of plant processes. Plants with a low‐cost outsourcing strategy are more likely to outsource support processes than plants with a competency‐focused outsourcing strategy. However, both cost‐ and competency‐based strategies have a positive and similar impact on the outsourcing of production processes. In terms of implications for plant performance, our findings indicate that the outsourcing of production and support processes is associated with higher gross margins. Although plant IT infrastructure is positively associated with favorable on‐time delivery rates, there is no positive association between the incidence of plant outsourcing and on‐time delivery rates. These results have implications for crafting plant‐level outsourcing strategies and for investments in IT systems to facilitate the outsourcing of business processes for enhanced plant performance.