加拿大养老金制度的状况与改革

肇始于20世纪50年代和60年代的加拿大养老保险制度,在人口老龄化的压力所推动的养老保险紧缩改革的背景下,虽然经过了多次改革,但是仍相对完整地保持了下来。文章详细探讨了加拿大养老保险制度的确立、由养老金的激烈争论到紧缩政策、实现普遍覆盖的失败、老年津贴计划的沉浮和政治磋商———改革加拿大养老金计划等。     

城市产业集群：概念、识别与规划

城市产业集群是依托特定城市功能和发展环境,由城市基础产业、配套产业和服务产业相互联系地发展而形成的跨产业集合。城市产业集群的成长分为萌芽、发展和成熟三个阶段,在明确城市基础产业的前提下,构建城市产业集群的识别指标体系,具体方法包括规模识别法、联系识别法、空间集聚度识别法和效率创新程度识别法等。城市产业集群的生成与发展需要市场机制与政府机制的相辅相成,而产业集群规划是其健康发展的保证。     

昆曲剧目发微

有些昆曲剧目因为原本湮没 ,来历不明 ,艺人口传心授时又常加改动 ,误标戏名。这里对《铁冠图》、《五代兴隆传》和《西川图》等 15个剧目进行探考 ,阐明原委。     

个性——电视栏目的生命

个性是电视栏目的生命,栏目定位与栏目个性化的形成有着紧密联系。栏目定位可以从文化层面、受众群体、社会专业化分工及栏目地方特色等方面着眼进行。     

我国失业问题的理性思考

随着政府机构改革和国有企业改革的不断深化,失业问题日益成为大家关注的热点问题,也成为影响我国改革、发展和稳定的重要因素.为解决失业问题,国家应加快劳动力市场建设,加强职业技术教育,尽快建立和完善失业保险制度;失业人员也应转变旧的择业观念,积极创业.     

Micro politics of Social Safety Net Programmes: The case of the Food‐For‐Work Programme in Bangladesh

A number of studies have established that politics has a role in shaping and implementing Social Safety Net Programmes (SSNPs) and, conversely, SSNPs also influence national or local politics. This study qualitatively analyzes the micro level political discourses of the Food‐For‐Work programme, one of the top 10 SSNPs in Bangladesh, using the concepts of access, institutions and agency under livelihood framework. The analysis of the findings reveals that the programme is not effective in terms of the stated objectives of reducing poverty, but rather serves the interest of political elites. Beneficiary access to the projects depends on categorical membership, ability to participate and gender, which lead the programme to be reduced to subsidized infrastructure projects.     

独立学院应用型人才培养方案优化研究

基于华南农业大学珠江学院应用型人才培养方案优化的实践,提出独立学院应用型人才培养方案优化应当坚持保证基础、强化实践、培养能力、提升素质4个原则,通过更新人才培养理念、整体优化课程结构、改革人才培养模式、推进实践教学建设4种优化模式来保证应用型人才培养目标的实现,努力提高应用型人才培养质量。     

The Clash of Voices: Community-based Targeting of Safety-net Interventions in Malawi

Using the principle of community targeting, the 2003 Winter Targeted Input Programme was designed to extend free inputs to about 400,000 households in rural Malawi on the basis of access to dambo, and poverty status. The tendency for most communities was, however, to modify the stipulated criteria on the basis of their perceptions and interpretations of need, entitlement and equity. Strikingly, even though the resulting criteria often reflected priorities conflicting with the officially prescribed guidelines, they were nevertheless not necessarily motivated by fraudulent intentions, though there were some isolated cases of ill‐intention. This article therefore advocates at least the incorporation of views from below in the design of interventions of this nature in order to ensure that they achieve the overall desired strategic impact.     

引进竞争机制，增强后勤活力

为了转换运行机制，深化后勤改革，必须引入竞争机制。有校内竞争，外部竞争，后勤内部的竞争。招标是引进竞争机制，提高效益，增强后勤竞争的途径之一，我们已多次实践。尊重人才，培养人才，提高职工队伍素质，是竞争中取胜的关键。     

Supply and Demand Factors in the Fertility Decline in Matlab, Bangladesh in 1977–1999

A model family planningprogramme started as a component of areproductive and child health project in partof Matlab (the Intervention area), a rural areaof Bangladesh, in 1977 while another part ofMatlab served as a comparison area. Thepaper analyses data from a vital registrationsystem, censuses and sample surveys, and usesboth cross-sectional and longitudinaltechniques of analysis. The supply factoralone, i.e., the model family planningprogramme, contributes substantially to theobserved decline in fertility in theIntervention area. Of the several demandfactors (indicators of socio-economic status)studied, women's education has the largestimpact on the fertility decline. A veryimportant role in the fertility decline isplayed by changes in attitudes towardsfeasibility and acceptability of birth control.The overall conclusion is that not only thesupply factor, but also demand factorscontribute to the fertility decline observed inthe Intervention area. Due to limitations instudy design and data, we cannot provide aprecise, quantitative answer to the question onthe specific contributions of both types offactors.