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41.
Ranjan Ray 《Journal of population economics》2000,13(1):3-19
This paper analyses child labour participation and its key determinants using data sets from Peru and Pakistan. The results
include tests of the ‘Luxury’ and ‘Substitution’ hypotheses that play key roles in recent studies on child labour and child
schooling. The results reject both hypotheses in the context of child labour in Pakistan and suggest that income and related
variables do not have the expected negative effect on children's work input. Rising wages of adult female labour in Pakistan,
and falling adult male wage in Peru lead to increased participation of children in the labour market. The results on the combined
country data formally establish the presence of strong individual country effects in the estimated regressions. For example,
ceteris paribus, a Peruvian child is more likely to experience schooling than a Pakistani child. However, both countries agree on the positive
role that adult female education and infrastructure investment in basic amenities can play in discouraging child labour and
encouraging child schooling.
Received: 24 August 1998/Accepted: 10 March 1999 相似文献
42.
Petter Osmundsen Guttorm Schjelderup Kåre Petter Hagen 《Journal of population economics》2000,13(4):623-637
This paper analyses how governments should tax labour income accruing to a group of highly skilled and geographically mobile
individuals who divide their time or career between several jurisdictions. The analysis differs from previous models on migration
and taxation by addressing optimal regulation when agents work for several principals. Optimal taxation is developed for social
welfare functions with exogenous and endogenous welfare weights. Marginal income taxes are applied for screening purposes,
and the rates are lower with endogenous than with exogenous welfare weights.
Received: 22 January 1998/Accepted: 3 July 1999) 相似文献
43.
通过对MCAI课件《爬行纲分类》的制作,探讨了在设计MCAI课件时所需要注意的问题。 相似文献
44.
Yongxin Liu 《Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation》2019,89(12):2239-2260
The traditional classification is based on the assumption that distribution of indicator variable X in one class is homogeneous. However, when data in one class comes from heterogeneous distribution, the likelihood ratio of two classes is not unique. In this paper, we construct the classification via an ambiguity criterion for the case of distribution heterogeneity of X in a single class. The separated historical data in each situation are used to estimate the thresholds respectively. The final boundary is chosen as the maximum and minimum thresholds from all situations. Our approach obtains the minimum ambiguity with a high classification accuracy allowing for a precise decision. In addition, nonparametric estimation of the classification region and theoretical properties are derived. Simulation study and real data analysis are reported to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. 相似文献
45.
D. C. Wickramarachchi B. L. Robertson M. Reale C. J. Price J. A. Brown 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》2019,61(3):380-391
We present an algorithm for learning oblique decision trees, called HHCART(G). Our decision tree combines learning concepts from two classification trees, HHCART and Geometric Decision Tree (GDT). HHCART(G) is a simplified HHCART algorithm that uses linear structure in the training examples, captured by a modified GDT angle bisector, to define splitting directions. At each node, we reflect the training examples with respect to the modified angle bisector to align this linear structure with the coordinate axes. Searching axis parallel splits in this reflected feature space provides an efficient and effective way of finding oblique splits in the original feature space. Our method is much simpler than HHCART because it only considers one reflected feature space for node splitting. HHCART considers multiple reflected feature spaces for node splitting making it more computationally intensive to build. Experimental results show that HHCART(G) is an effective classifier, producing compact trees with similar or better results than several other decision trees, including GDT and HHCART trees. 相似文献
46.
在对目前高校分类进行考察的基础上,指出现行高校分类模式存在着层次与类型混淆、科研与教学对立、重点与类型匹配、学制与类型挂钩等弊端。提出了高校类型划分的社会功能视角,将高等学校划分为:学术型高校、行业型高校和职业型高校。 相似文献
47.
刘志群 《湖北民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,24(1):118-122
英语写作策略分类研究是一个基础研究课题,对英语写作研究及写作教学实践具有实际价值和现实意义。本文分析了目前研究中的英语写作策略分类存在的问题,并回顾了英语写作及策略的相关理论,提出了英语写作及写作策略的学习和产出性质,最后文章提出了一个便于取舍同时也便于实证研究展开与操作的英语写作策略分类框架。 相似文献
48.
张福全 《合肥学院学报(社会科学版)》2006,23(4):59-62
中国古代有关于汉字笔迹特征的论述,却没有系统的分类。汉字笔迹特征的分类有两大角度:笔迹鉴定的角度和笔迹心理分析的角度。文章阐述了汉字笔迹特征的分类情况,提出了力量特征、空间特征、关系特征和神韵特征的汉字笔迹特征的分类方法。 相似文献
49.
50.
利用《汉语方言地图集》的材料,对苏沪嘉地区方言的语音、词汇、语法进行综合比较.在此基础上,运用历史行政地理分析法,对苏沪嘉方言的分区方案进行讨论,指出维持原来划分的苏沪嘉小片是最佳方案. 相似文献