西方失业理论与我国失业问题的分析及治理

本文从现代西方经济学关于失业的理论解释出发 ,分析了我国失业问题的由来、原因及趋势 ,提出了我国失业问题的治理方式和途径 :从宏观上 ,运用宏观经济管理政策措施 ,从微观上 ,把解决再就业问题与深化企业改革结合起来 ;着力培育新的就业机制和社会保障制度 ,并从不同角度解决再就业问题。     

云南少数民族妇女与旅游业的互动发展

随着中国西部大开发战略的推进、云南旅游业的大举拓展,云南少数民族妇女以此为契机,打破了传统观念的束缚,纷纷以不同的方式跻身于旅游业这一新兴产业。少数民族妇女与旅游业的互动发展,有着经济、社会、文化等多层面的积极意义,对于少数民族妇女自身的发展、旅游业的可持续发展以及民族优秀传统文化的传承有着重要而深远的现实意义。     

羌族口头传统的灾后境遇及思考

羌族口头传统的口头传统遗留较为完整,在灾后重建中获得了有效的保护与传承,同时呈现出传统文化生态恶化、释比减少、羌语濒危等诸多危机,文化展演、释比城镇传承成为羌族口头传统的新特点。坚持保护优先原则,尊重传承主体,达成政府、学者、民众、企业等多元力量的有效整合是传承口头传统的决定性因素。     

大学英语校内测试对英语教学的反拨作用——长春市10所院校英语测试模式调查与分析

测试对英语教学起到十分重要的反拨作用。通过对长春市10所院校大学英语校内测试模式进行了调查,并运用现代测试学的理论对测试的主要环节进行分析比较。在采样上尽量做到科学合理,经过比对分析确定比较科学的校内测试模式,并提出了改进测试模式的建议。     

De l'indocilité au travail d'une fraction des jeunesses populaires.: Les apprentis et la culture ouvrière

Research on apprentices in two big public enterprises leads us to put in perspective the prevailing theses based on arguments about the rejection of the working-class heritage and the disappearance of forms of resistance among young people with working-class origins. Focusing on contexts of apprenticeship it sheds light on how apprentices cope with requirements related to situations at the workplace. Apprenticeship — an uncertain, contingent, unsteady position in the world of work — does not motivate these young people to identify collectively with other wage-earners; nor does it facilitate the acquisition of class consciousness. In this sense, it relates to a process of social rather than occupational integration. However apprentices reinvent traditional and/or new practices of resistance (opposition, evasion or pretending) that enable them to skirt around or even modify work-related requirements. Entry into the world of work, as well as the resulting pleasure or disenchantment, can be marked by feelings other than “disaffection” with labor, a sense of submission or individualism, or a fascination or identification with the middle classes.     

再就业与中小企业发展

我国中小企业在发展过程中 ,面临产业结构、产品结构、行业结构的不合理 ,技术水平落后 ,缺乏金融支持 ,人才匮乏等问题 ,导致竞争实力下降 ,发展后劲不足。通过中小企业采取各种扶持政策 ,是保证其健康发展的重要保证 ,也是培育新的就业增长点的客观要求。对策包括 :强化战略规划和政策研究 ,建立企业指导管理机构 ,构筑金融支持体系 ,创建社会化人才服务体系 ,完善法律保障体系 ,搞好结构调整 ,深化内部管理等等。     

Arbeitsteilung,Berufsorientierung und Partnerschaftsstabilität – Ehen und nichteheliche Lebensgemeinschaften im Vergleich*

The central finding of this paper is that the link between the division of labour and the risk of separation differs depending on the type of relationship. Marriages tend to be destabilised by the wife’s participation in the labour force and stabilised by the traditional division of labour. Empirical evidence of this is manifest in a positive effect of the wife’s income and a negative effect of the husband’s relative income on the likelihood of separation. In contrast to this, unmarried long-term relationships are stabilised by egalitarian division of labour. This is evident from the absence of negative effects of an employment of the female cohabiter on stability of relationship. Furthermore, in unmarried cohabitations the relative income of the man increases the risk of a separation. In addition to the income ratio, homogamous attitudes have explanatory value. Cohabitations are stable when both partners are career-oriented. This finding points to an egalitarian gender-role-orientation among unmarried men. It also implies that an egalitarian orientation has an impact on the living arrangement which needs to be accepted by both partners – for instance when family planning and timing of marriage are concerned.     

Coexisting principles and logics of elder care: Help to self‐help and consumer‐oriented service?

Healthy and active ageing has become an ideal in Western societies. In the Nordic countries, this ideal has been supported through a policy of help to self‐help in elder care since the 1980s. However, reforms inspired by New Public Management (NPM) have introduced a new policy principle of consumer‐oriented service that stresses the wishes and priorities of older people. We have studied how these two principles are applied by care workers in Denmark. Is one principle or logic replacing the other, or do they coexist? Do they create tensions between professional knowledge and the autonomy of older people? Using neo‐institutional theory and feminist care theory, we analysed the articulation of the two policy principles in interviews and their logics in observations in four local authorities. We conclude that help to self‐help is the dominant principle, that it is deeply entrenched in the identity of the professional care worker and that it coexists with consumer‐oriented service and without major tensions in the logics identified in their practices.     

A practical comparison of blinded methods for sample size reviews in survival data clinical trials

This paper presents practical approaches to the problem of sample size re-estimation in the case of clinical trials with survival data when proportional hazards can be assumed. When data are readily available at the time of the review, on a full range of survival experiences across the recruited patients, it is shown that, as expected, performing a blinded re-estimation procedure is straightforward and can help to maintain the trial's pre-specified error rates. Two alternative methods for dealing with the situation where limited survival experiences are available at the time of the sample size review are then presented and compared. In this instance, extrapolation is required in order to undertake the sample size re-estimation. Worked examples, together with results from a simulation study are described. It is concluded that, as in the standard case, use of either extrapolation approach successfully protects the trial error rates.     

报刊审读及其规律探析

针对报刊的质量监控问题,提出了管理部门审读（媒介管理批评）与报刊自身审读（专业媒介批评）相结合,是报刊传播质量监控的有效途径。并结合报纸《西北信息报》、期刊《陕西青年职业学院学报》的实际,从对媒介产品内容、形式的审读,对传者行为、媒介传递效果、广告经营等方面的审读,阐述了审读工作检测传媒作为信息传递工具的科学性,关注传播活动的行为价值与文化意义,遵循媒介批评原则,是审读的内在规律,有着无可替代的外谏和内省作用。