浅谈农村区域划分研究在农业政策学教学中的应用

如何将教学和科研结合起来是大学课程建设中值得长期探索的问题.农业政策学教学中常会遇到关于“农业政策能否普适于全国”的疑问,针对此问题,尝试将农村区域划分的研究成果应用在教学中.按照县级农民人均纯收入把农村划分为五类地区：发达地区、相对发达地区、中等发展地区、相对滞后地区、滞后地区.对来自不同地区的学生采用不同的教案,使他们深刻体会农业政策的地区差异性,能够较好地解决农业政策学的理论教学和科研成果有机结合的问题.     

澳大利亚外语教育政策探析及对中国的启示

运用语言规划和政策理论,通过对澳大利亚外语教育政策的思考,结合我国外语教育的现状,以期为我国外语教育规划和政策的制定提供参考。     

俄罗斯刑事执行法典的发展变革及对我国的启示

俄罗斯现行刑事执行法典源于沙俄监狱规范与苏维埃劳动改造法典,该法典借鉴二者基本框架与内容构设了俄罗斯现行刑事执行立法体系,对刑事执行法律的各项基本原则做了较为明确的规定,较好地反映了俄罗斯当代刑事执行政策的立法导向,对刑罚执行人道化、刑罚执行差别对待与个别处理等价值目标贯彻得比较彻底,既有利于被处刑人员的矫正,也有利于其释放后回归社会。该法典对我国刑事执行立法法典化及刑事执行政策的推行与贯彻具有重要的启示意义。     

Chapter 6 Life-Span Design in the Near Environment

Abstract

Elderly are influenced daily by their buildings and their very independence can be shaped by the design of residential structures and interiors. This article addresses the incorporation of assistive technology into the design of near environments for this population. First, a brief overview of assisted living in the United States, identifying the definitional and regulatory problems confronting assisted living is provided. Next, we identify the importance of the near environment in life-span design. We then examine the Nordic model of design for assisted living and efforts in the United States relating to the design component of assisted living facilities. We conclude by reviewing the importance of the near environment and its role in housing policy, regu-lation, productdesign, andfacilitydesign.     

A Systematic Analysis of College Substance Use Policies

College substance use policies provide guidelines for student behavior and influence campus culture. Although they are the primary environmental strategy to address campus substance use, policies have not been systematically compared and studied. We constructed a systematic review method to examine the accessibility, comprehensiveness, enforcement procedures, and clarity of college substance use policies. We developed an objective evaluation scheme for each of these 4 dimensions and then applied it to documented substance use policies from a sample of colleges and universities (N = 24). Policies were found to vary considerably but tended to specify compliance with local laws and emphasize student health and well-being. The next stage of campus policy review should examine actual implementation, evaluate potential differentiating factors among institutions, and assess the influence of policy on campus climate and student outcomes.     

Policymakers' Use of Social Science Research: Looking Within and Across Policy Actors

Evidence‐informed policy creates the conditions for families to perform the functions they provide for their members and society. To increase research utilization in policymaking, we must better understand policymakers and the professional and institutional cultures in which they operate. This exploratory cluster analysis examined within‐group differences in valuing, seeking, and use of social science research among 68 legislative staffers and 56 high‐ranking officials from 8 family‐serving executive agencies in Wisconsin. The findings are compared with a parallel study of 109 legislators from New York and Wisconsin. Among all 3 policy actors, a substantial proportion highly value research, actively seek it, and frequently use it in policy decisions; these Enthusiastic High Users of research are more attuned to political considerations compared to other clusters. Enthusiastic High Users in the legislative institution place a higher priority on innovative and action‐oriented research, whereas those in the agency institution prioritize the quality of research.     

计生药物的使用调查与发展趋势分析

调查我国避孕药物的品种及使用情况,探析形成避孕药使用误区的主要原因,并分析我国避孕药的发展应用趋势,为计划生育工作提供参考。     

It Is Expected by the Year 2000

Abstract

Authors in the Encyclopedia of Social Work (formerly the Social Work Year Book), beginning in the 1930s, have proffered forecasts to help social workers anticipate the composition and needs of the current cohort of older adults. First 1980 and later the year 2000 were often targeted in these forecasts. The purpose of this article is to analyze accuracy and utility of these earlier forecasts and to examine implications for social service professionals now attempting to make forecasts and develop practice and policy strategies for the 21st century when the baby boom cohort will become the elder boom.     

It Takes a Village (Perhaps a Nation): Families,States, and Educational Achievement

Research in the United States has shown that children growing up in 2‐parent households do better in school than children from single‐parent households. We used the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) data to test whether this finding applied to other countries as well (N = 100,307). We found that it did, but that the educational gap was greater in the United States than in the other 13 countries considered. Results from 2‐level hierarchical linear models demonstrated that international differences in the educational gap were associated with several indicators of national policy and demographic contexts. No single policy appeared to have a large effect, but several policy combinations were associated with substantially reduced educational gaps between children from different family structures.     

Participation and Emotions: Troubling Encounters Between Children and Social Welfare Professionals

This paper explores the emotional aspects of participation within social welfare contexts. The focus is on individual professionals, such as social workers and children’s rights workers and their articulation, management and negotiation of the emotional when working with children and young people. The institutions of welfare are also shown to be ambiguous in their approaches to participation. Lastly, the dimensions of power that are enacted in relations between professionals and children reveal some of the complex dynamics in this fraught area of social welfare policy and practice.