State Responses to Alcohol Use and Pregnancy: Findings From the Alcohol Policy Information System

This article describes U.S. state policies related to alcohol use during pregnancy, using data from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Alcohol Policy Information System. Specifically, this study examines trends in policies enacted by states over time and types of policies enacted across states in the United States, with a focus on whether laws were supportive or punitive toward women. Findings revealed substantial variability in characteristics of policies (19 primarily supportive, 12 primarily punitive, 12 with a mixed approach, and 8 with no policies). Findings underscore the need to examine possible consequences of policies, especially of punitive policies and “mixed” approaches.     

Positive Reaction to Disclosure and Recovery from Child Sexual Abuse

ABSTRACT

Factors associated with improvement in the behavioral-emotional functioning of sexually abused children, from 6 to 18 years of age, were investigated. Children were classified by their therapist according to current level of disclosure regarding past abuse. Ratings of degree of support offered by significant people in the children's lives were also made. Findings showed children who were in an actively disclosing stage to be exhibiting significantly less externalizing behavior problems than non-disclosing children. Children who were fully disclosing without recantation showed significantly lower dissociation than did all other subjects. Children who recanted with or without re-disclosure showed significantly more post-traumatic stress symptomatology. As all the subjects were in foster care, the reactions to disclosure of foster parents proved to be most salient with respect to current functioning. Children who received full support from foster parents showed significantly lower depression scores than did children who received only partial support.

Other significant findings pertain to the effects of time since initial disclosure, age of subjects, and type of sexual abuse on behavioral-emotional functioning. Implications for developing structured training programs for foster parents and their caseworkers are discussed. Recommendations are made for future study using the present design with a non-foster care population and investigating the effect that the timing of supportive reactions to disclosure has.     

忧生与逃世：作为心态典型的阮籍

嗜酒、不拘礼法,阮籍这些放达的行为隐藏的是魏晋易代的时代悲患。其《咏怀》诗旨隐避,寄托深远,不仅包含着深刻的现实喻指和心理内涵,更传达出整个人生不幸的悲哀。阮籍的忧生之嗟既是正始之音的主题,也是中国诗歌史上的一种典型心态。     

公共艺术作品在灾后重建中的心理干预作用分析

地震灾害是破坏力极强的自然现象,其威力巨大,能在瞬间使城市夷为平地,给人类生活生产带来巨大的损失。而这些损失不仅仅表现在物质上的损失,对于受灾居民来说,在精神上也承受着巨大的压力。研究表明,历次灾害后各个年龄层中都会出现各式各样的心理问题。本文重点讨论地震后的重建过程中,公共艺术作品设计以及使用中对灾民的心理干预作用。     

浅谈美术创作过程中作者的创作心理活动

美术作品创作过程是创作者的心灵与生活中的素材相互碰撞和磨合的过程。文章通过论述创作心理活动在创作者的创作过程中的作用，分析影响创作心理活动的主要因素，提出培养创作者健康心理活动的方式：一是培育创作者的内在情感；二是丰富创作者的审美想象；三是提高创作者的审美理解力；四是形成健全的人格和高尚的审美情操。     

论写作活动中的心理外化

作者的心理机制与作者创作活动中的表达有着密切的联系 ,研究这种关系对理解作家作品和指导作者写作有着非常重要的理论意义和现实意义     

进化论视野中的符号自我

本文简要介绍了近 2 0年来西方进化论观心理学家对符号自我的概念、内容及功能所作的研究。这些研究认为 ,符号自我是一种适应 ,而且由于其高度的适应性意义 ,它还是一种被选择的、仅属于人类的、具有广阔基础的能力。符号自我不仅具有适应功能 ,而且还在人的心理生活中具有重要的作用     

WTO机制下的中国经济特区

比较研究表明中国经济特区的设立、特殊优惠政策及其措施,同WTO的机制并不矛盾;WTO成员国多数都设立经济特区,中国加入WTO后,经济特区要发展,就应继续发挥特殊政策优势,并不断调整和完善优惠政策.     

Alcohol Problems,Marriage, and Treatment: Developing a Theoretical Timeline

SUMMARY

While research findings over the past twenty years have consistently supported the efficacy of couples work with people experiencing alcohol related problems, in the field of practice in Ireland there is little evidence of the development of interventions based on a couples/marital perspective. This paper examines the place of marital work in the alcohol field through a review of the literature from 1950s to the present in order to discover the limitations in theory and research that might explain the reluctance of practitioners to adopt this method of intervention.     

对高校成立心理咨询机构若干问题的思考

高校成立心理咨询机构是时代的呼唤与学生的实际需要 ,意义十分重大。本文就高校成立心理机构的意义和任务做了思考 ,并在具体操作中提出“三步走”的看法。