产业转型、公共支持与农民工就业转变研究

产业转型和政府公共支持是影响农民工就业转变的两个重要因素。从产业转型对农民工就业转变影响、公共支持对农民工就业转变影响、产业转型与公共支持二者间的关系等方面对我国产业转型、公共支持与农民工就业结构文献进行了归纳和评述。在评述的基础上,还对促进农民工实现就业转变进行了深入分析。     

Researchers Behind Policy Development: Comparing ‘Age-Friendly Cities’ Models in Quebec and Wallonia

Based on a reflexive method, this article explores the roles of researchers behind Age-Friendly Cities and Environments. Referring to Michael Burawoy's division of sociological work (professional, critical, policy and public sociology), it is structured around the international comparison of two empirical case studies: Walloon region (Belgium) and Quebec (a province of Canada). While the first case shows some difficulties faced by a limited policy sociology perspective with little room for research, the latter presents a more developed public sociology approach with larger involvement from research. If both cases started with policy links, the latter presents a special interest for praxis, through knowledge transfer as an ongoing public dialogue. Based on this comparison, the article concludes with a twofold use of praxis: on one side – knowledge in action – a public sociology position offers an original perspective on what AFC/AFE may mean and produce to avoid a limited field of actions focusing only on some stakeholders or advocates for older people. On the other side – action in knowledge – policy and public sociology question professional and critical sociology facing AFC/AFE programmes: is a purely academic knowledge of such a programme epistemologically realistic or should it necessarily be empirically fuelled?     

Institutionalizing Counter‐Memories of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement: The National Civil Rights Museum and an Application of the Interest‐Convergence Principle

During the post–Reconstruction era in the United States, white southerners marked the cultural landscape with monuments and memorials honoring the Confederate cause and its heroes. These racialized symbols enjoyed an undisputed claim to public squares and parks throughout the South. It was not until the late twentieth century that commemorations to the black freedom struggle were publicly supported. This analysis examines the institutionalization of counter‐memories of the civil rights movement in Memphis, Tennessee at the Lorraine Motel, the site of the assassination of Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The author draws on collective memory, cultural trauma, and social movements research as well as critical race theory to explain the creation of the National Civil Rights Museum. Using primary and secondary data sources the author examines how social memory agents, a changing political culture, and the passage of time mediated the cultural trauma of King's assassination and influenced the institutionalization of oppositional collective memories. Relying on Derrick Bell's interest‐convergence principle, the author concludes that the creation of this major memorial museum was a result of the convergence of white and black interests, specifically the economic and political interests of white elites and the cultural and political interests of black symbolic entrepreneurs.     

我国价格听证制度中利益相关者探析

价格听证会是公共部门价格决策的重要环节,其完善与否决定着公共政策的实施效果。我国法律关于价格听证制度的规定比较概括,使得其中各利益相关者的权利义务得不到实施,导致政府、经营者、消费者三大利益主体结构中消费者处于弱势地位。分析与总结这类现象,提出政府、经营者、消费者三方对策建议,对完善我国价格听证制度,加快公民参与社会管理的步伐大有裨益。     

主体资质影响合同效力之理论探析————以建设工程合同为例

通过案例整理发现,现行法律制度中,判定主体资质有瑕疵的建设工程合同无效的理由主要为违反效力性强制性规定和法人行为能力欠缺,但此种认定路径并不合适,以损害社会公共利益为判定理由更具正当性。对于主体资质失而复得从而恢复合同效力的司法解释,无论是法律行为的补正或确认制度,或以主体资质作为法律行为的特别生效要件等学说,都难以成为其理论依据。从保护特殊建筑的法规立法目的的角度,可以判定主体资质嗣后取得的合同有效,但这只能是少数情形。     

环境保护与世界性的环境正义

现代性发展带来了全球性的环境问题。面对全球性的环境问题,发达国家或地区的人们认为环境问题主要是由于发展中国家或地区急剧膨胀的人口增长所导致的,他们对环境问题具有不可推卸的主要责任。与此相对,发展中国家或地区的人们认为环境问题在根本上是源于以发达国家或地区为首设置的不平等社会制度或结构问题所导致的。然而,归责并不能解决问题,面对全球性的环境问题,提出解决问题的实际方案才是第一要务。我们有理由相信,基于对发达国家或地区和发达中国家或地区的两种不同视角的分析,当我们把人类整体的繁荣昌盛作为思考问题的起点时,一种能力方法理论可以支持我们提出一种多维度、多层次的全球性环境正义理论。     

基于低碳经济视角的建设公共工程项目的前提条件评价

将低碳经济发展的要求与公共工程项目建设的前提条件相结合,采用修正的QFD技术这一评价模型,提出一个普适性的、可以有效监督评测建设这类项目的前提需求的评价指标体系。研究表明该评价体系为开展公共工程项目建设前提条件评价提供了参考依据,能够较好地体现低碳经济的需求,使基于低碳经济需求下公共工程项目的建设有针对性,更加科学有效。     

“半公众参与决策模式”——应对邻避冲突的政府策略

在保持决策高效率的同时控制决策风险是各国政府追求的目标。为了化解日益高涨的邻避冲突,政府决策和公众参与在寻求良性互动的过程中逐渐形成了两种基本决策模式：政府自主决策模式和公众参与决策模式。然中国的情况却与此并不相同,从X市和Z市处置“PX”项目的对比案例来看,我国正在形成一种“半公众参与决策模式”,其特点可简单概括为“封闭决策+半开放的政策过程”。这种决策模式目前已成为政府防止决策失误,应对公众挑战的一个重要机制。     

论我国二元财政的演进及改革策略

我国财政在收入、支出及管理方面,城乡有着明显不同的制度安排。二元财政作为二元经济体制的构成部分,是在建国后的特定历史时期形成的,经历了计划经济时期、市场经济过渡时期、民生财政时期3个阶段。通过测度二元财政强度,发现前2个阶段二元财政好转和恶化交替出现,第3个阶段二元财政改善是主要趋势。现阶段二元财政具有新特征。二元财政改革的方向是实现城乡基本公共服务均等化。通过合理财政分权、协调地区差异、加大支农力度、规范政府行为、打破城乡二元结构的壁垒才能从根本上解决二元财政问题。     

公众参与医疗保障的制度研究

我国医疗保障制度中较多强调的是政府及医保经办机构的权利和义务,但在从社会管理到社会治理转变的大背景下,从正义权义结构的角度来看,完善公众参与医疗保障的制度十分必要?文章先后对公众参与医疗保障的制度构建原因?架构?支撑等方面进行了阐述,通过对权义结构的分析和逻辑结构的设计,认为公众应当实质性地参与到医疗保障中,提出从参与权到参加权?从表达权到表决权?从监督权到监管权的理念转变,以期更好地保护公民健康权?