共犯违法的从属性和相对性

共犯的处罚根据论上的各学说在违法从属性和相对性上表现出不同态度,责任共犯说和违法共犯论坚持质的不同的违法相对性;在因人不同的违法相对性上,引起说内部各学说对"没有正犯的共犯"和"没有共犯的正犯"表现出不同态度。站在以结果无价值为基础的修正引起说基础上,应当在消极意义上理解"没有正犯的共犯",即没有正犯的不法就没有共犯的不法;在"没有共犯的正犯"方面,不应当承认正犯是违法的而共犯是适法的这一另一种意义上的质的不同的违法相对性。     

试论环境标准的法律意义

环境标准是环境法上一项重要而又特殊的制度,随着对环境标准认识的日渐深入,研究环境法实施过程中环境标准的法律意义尤为必要。环境标准的法律意义依其作用的领域主要可划分为两类,一是作为环境行政管理尤其环境执法的重要手段和依据的特殊意义,二是作为环境行为违法性的判定标准之一在司法中所起的作用。目前的分析研究偏重于环境标准与环境法律责任关系问题,过分夸大了其在司法领域的作用;事实上,环境标准法律意义的重心还在于它是环境行政管理的重要手段和环境执法的重要依据,环境标准还不足以成为司法判断行为违法性的唯一依据。重视和充分发挥环境标准在环境行政中的作用,具有重要的现实意义。     

对大陆法系违法性理论的理性思辨——兼与台湾中央警察大学余振华教授商榷

大陆法系违法性理论存在的法理根基是对个人自由独立性的保障,亦是该理论所要求和体现的价值,其新客观违法性理论弥补了主观违法性理论与旧客观违法性理论在解决实际问题时所表现出来的缺陷与矛盾,这对我国目前的刑法犯罪论体系的改革与重构来讲具有十分重要的现实意义。在司法过程中仍应坚持"刑事违法性",这是法治社会所要求的形式合理性所决定的。     

安乐死的经济学分析及立法建议

从经济学角度来看,安乐死具有节约社会资源、减轻病人痛苦并维系其生命尊严等益处,但也必须承担心理伤害、使病人失去医学进步带来的受益机会以及引起更坏结果的担心等成本。权衡利弊,安乐死合法化是利大于弊的。从法学角度考虑,安乐死是生命自主权的当然内容,不具有违法性。考虑到安乐死的现实需要,我国应加快安乐死立法进程,从适用对象、申请、审查、执行等方面作出具体规定。     

论阶层不法评价向整体不法评价之发展

贝林在构建客观构成要件理论的基础上,认为不法评价是和构成要件关系不大的“违法性”评价,仅需进行违法性评价,而不需进行构成要件评价,就能得出行为是否具有不法性的结论。自从发现了主观构成要件要素和规范构成要件要素,构成要件就无法再作为一个客观的观念形象而存在;不法评价中,应将构成要件和违法性两者共同作为不法评价的基本要素。由此,要维持“构成要件是不法类型”的基本判断,就必须将构成要件和违法性共置于“整体不法构成要件”之下,使之成为“整体不法构成要件”的两个组成要素;如此,构成要件即不法的正面构成要件要素,违法性即不法的负面构成要件要素。“整体不法构成要件”理论正是在这样的理论背景下发展起来的,整体不法评价理论经历了从负面构成要件要素理论到整体不法构成要件理论的发展历程。     

Impossible children: illegality and excluded belonging among children of migrants in Sabah,East Malaysia

This article makes a case for attending to the specificities of child illegality in migrant contexts. This is not simply because children have been left out of previous accounts, but also because their status as minors makes both their citizenship and their illegality different to that of adults. The analysis is based on research with children born to migrants in the state of Sabah, East Malaysia. I argue that such children are configured as Sabah’s impossible children, and that this configuration influences their experiences of illegality and exclusion in distinctive ways. From a young age, children are aware of document ‘checking’ raids and, as ‘foreigners’, are unable to attend Malaysian schools. However, informal documents from learning centres, as well as age and contingent circumstances, may give them a temporary, ‘liminal’ legality. Finally, given that irregular migrants experience both exclusion and inclusion in a host nation, the article describes children’s urban forms of belonging. These forms of inclusion demonstrate children’s engagement with Sabah as a home, as against their political construction as an impossible problem.     

斗殴行为及其特征

斗殴行为历来是刑罚打击的重点。斗殴行为的本质属性是暴力性,其侵犯的刑法法益包括社会公共秩序和他人的健康权,但不包括生命权。对向性是斗殴行为的外在特征,表现为互相攻击的殴打行为,但不应扩展到主观内容方面。非法性是斗殴行为的主观特征,即明知自己的行为会侵害公共秩序和他人的健康权,但为了和对方争夺非法利益而放任这一结果的发生,这是刑事责任的根据。     

可罚的违法性理论探究

可罚的违法性是指具有作为犯罪而科处刑罚程度的质与量的违法性.这一理论是基于刑法的谦抑性、实质的违法性、违法的相对性三个方面的基础而提出来的,其在犯罪论上的体系地位应当认为是阻却违法性.该理论对我国刑法具有启示意义,具体而言,一是要适当调整我国的犯罪构成模式,为但书出罪功能的发挥提供运作空间;二是借鉴日本的做法,在但书出罪的免责事由上适当放宽.     

Postnational acts of citizenship: how an anti-border politics is shaping feminist spaces of service provision in Toronto,Canada

Postnationalism has seen a modest resurgence in recent years as both a theory of citizenship and as a set of claims frequently articulated by anti-border movements. Yet the implications of postnationalism for feminist politics remain relatively under-theorized. Using interviews with feminist advocates in Toronto, Canada, this research examines how postnational challenges to state power are being mobilized in spaces of service provision addressing gender-based violence. I show how, for some advocates, a postnational politics deeply informed their critiques of state borders and restrictive immigration controls as fundamental sources of gendered and racialized violence. However, postnational approaches were also limited in offering few concrete alternatives to state protection from domestic or interpersonal violence, particularly for women with precarious immigration status. Significantly, it was through advocates’ everyday practices of service provision that they blueprinted an alternative feminist ethics of solidarity. I argue that these practices constitute postnational acts of citizenship, in so far as they attempt – albeit imperfectly – to de-border institutional spaces from within.     

刑事政策置于刑法体系内之倡导——少数民族刑事政策置于刑法体系的必要性

罗克辛教授将刑事政策置入刑法体系内,解决了刑法体系与刑法教义学、社会发展与立法相对滞后的矛盾,这对我国构建刑法体系具有重大的借鉴意义。将少数民族刑事政策置于刑法体系内,在构成要件符合性、违法性和罪责中融入刑事政策,形成目的理性的犯罪论体系,能解决个案正义与刑法体系稳定性的冲突,兼顾刑法体系逻辑性与刑事政策价值性双重优点,防止刑法体系僵硬化之危险,发挥少数民族刑事政策灵活性之优势。