城市扩容中拆迁安置小区公共管理模式研究——以常德市公寓楼安置模式为例

征地拆迁是城市扩容面临的重要课题。常德市采取的公寓楼安置模式在城市扩容和保护耕地红线之间找到了平衡点,创新了拆迁安置模式,达到了城市发展集约节约用地的目的。公寓楼社区公共管理模式不仅关系到征地拆迁工作本身的成效,更关系到安置户的民生福祉和城市的科学发展。要直面公寓楼社区公共管理的突出问题,明确主要任务,创新理念,构建"政府主导+多方参与+业主选择+社区整合"的公共管理格局,按照统筹推进、健全体制、整合资源、责任考评的路径,使公寓楼社区公共管理成为推进安置居民城市融入的重要推手。     

信息不对称下价格随机的应急数量折扣契约研究

以市场需求和市场价格随机波动的二级供应链为研究对象,寻找其在信息不对称条件下绩效优化的路径。通过显示原理分别构建生产成本和销售成本信息不对称时应急供应链的数量折扣契约模型,得到最优订货量与最佳批发价策略。通过具体的算例加以验证,分析了信息不对称程度对供应链上成员及整个供应链绩效的影响。研究结果表明：当突发事件造成市场价格随机波动和市场需求变化时,供应链上的跟随者能从隐瞒私人信息中获利。但当市场需求增大时,整个供应链绩效受损,反之则反是。这与以往研究在市场需求随机、市场价格固定和信息不对称条件下的结论迥异。     

资本利润率趋向下降规律的启示

劳动社会生产力的发展致使在资本主义商品经济中有资本利润率趋向下降的规律,文中基于相同的原因又得出了在商品经济社会中也存在着工人生活必需品扩大的规律,并通过对于主要资本主义国家经济史的考察,验证了这一规律的正确性。最后,本文运用OLS法对我国国民收入结构进行线性回归分析发现：增加低收入者、工人阶层的工资收入,自觉运用工人生活必需品扩大规律,是当前破解宏观经济问题的关键。     

On pseudo-values for regression analysis in competing risks models

For regression on state and transition probabilities in multi-state models Andersen et al. (Biometrika 90:15–27, 2003) propose a technique based on jackknife pseudo-values. In this article we analyze the pseudo-values suggested for competing risks models and prove some conjectures regarding their asymptotics (Klein and Andersen, Biometrics 61:223–229, 2005). The key is a second order von Mises expansion of the Aalen-Johansen estimator which yields an appropriate representation of the pseudo-values. The method is illustrated with data from a clinical study on total joint replacement. In the application we consider for comparison the estimates obtained with the Fine and Gray approach (J Am Stat Assoc 94:496–509, 1999) and also time-dependent solutions of pseudo-value regression equations.     

资本扩张、资本逻辑悖论与科学发展观

剩余价值一旦转化为资本,投入社会生产系统内部而使其得到增值,就会使整个经济系统不断扩张。这种资本扩张给社会发展提供了强大动力,也产生了深层危机,它引起社会经济系统、社会结构、资源环境和人的全面发展等方面的冲突,使资本无法扩张,形成“资本逻辑悖论”。科学发展观是实现这种价值复归的路径选择,是对资本扩张产生种种危机历史之谜的解答。     

扩招后高校课程表的编排、管理的优化

课程表是学校每学期教学计划的具体体现,是高等学校日常教学活动的“指挥调度表”,是教学任务能够很好完成的重要保证。扩招后如何优化高校课程表的编排和管理,是关乎教学运行的关键。     

西方国家意识形态扩张的现代性路径及应对方略

生态、潮流、反恐、普世等问题已异化为西方意识形态扩张的现代性路径;从全球化趋势的形成和发展、主流意识形态建设的弱化、新媒体发展和普及等方面着力分析西方意识形态扩张现代性路径的诸多原因,加强马克思主义意识形态宣传教育、提升马克思主义意识形态交往的主动权和影响力、促进社会发展和惠民建设等进行应对。     

Testing for bioequivalence of highly variable drugs from TR‐RT crossover designs with heterogeneous residual variances

Traditional bioavailability studies assess average bioequivalence (ABE) between the test (T) and reference (R) products under the crossover design with TR and RT sequences. With highly variable (HV) drugs whose intrasubject coefficient of variation in pharmacokinetic measures is 30% or greater, assertion of ABE becomes difficult due to the large sample sizes needed to achieve adequate power. In 2011, the FDA adopted a more relaxed, yet complex, ABE criterion and supplied a procedure to assess this criterion exclusively under TRR‐RTR‐RRT and TRTR‐RTRT designs. However, designs with more than 2 periods are not always feasible. This present work investigates how to evaluate HV drugs under TR‐RT designs. A mixed model with heterogeneous residual variances is used to fit data from TR‐RT designs. Under the assumption of zero subject‐by‐formulation interaction, this basic model is comparable to the FDA‐recommended model for TRR‐RTR‐RRT and TRTR‐RTRT designs, suggesting the conceptual plausibility of our approach. To overcome the distributional dependency among summary statistics of model parameters, we develop statistical tests via the generalized pivotal quantity (GPQ). A real‐world data example is given to illustrate the utility of the resulting procedures. Our simulation study identifies a GPQ‐based testing procedure that evaluates HV drugs under practical TR‐RT designs with desirable type I error rate and reasonable power. In comparison to the FDA's approach, this GPQ‐based procedure gives similar performance when the product's intersubject standard deviation is low (≤0.4) and is most useful when practical considerations restrict the crossover design to 2 periods.     

Approximate Bayesianity of Frequentist Confidence Intervals for a Binomial Proportion

The well-known Wilson and Agresti–Coull confidence intervals for a binomial proportion p are centered around a Bayesian estimator. Using this as a starting point, similarities between frequentist confidence intervals for proportions and Bayesian credible intervals based on low-informative priors are studied using asymptotic expansions. A Bayesian motivation for a large class of frequentist confidence intervals is provided. It is shown that the likelihood ratio interval for p approximates a Bayesian credible interval based on Kerman’s neutral noninformative conjugate prior up to O(n^{? 1}) in the confidence bounds. For the significance level α ? 0.317, the Bayesian interval based on the Jeffreys’ prior is then shown to be a compromise between the likelihood ratio and Wilson intervals. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.