财政体制改革:逻辑起点与改革思路

国内大部分学者将财政体制改革的目的归结于县乡财政解困,县乡财政困难只是问题的表象,其实质在于部分政府无法完成其公共产品供给的职能。文章从分析财政体制改革的逻辑起点出发,在借鉴IMD分析政府效率指标的基础上,建立符合我国实际且操作性较强的政府供给公共产品的评价指标体系,在分析了政府供给公共产品的现状之后,针对政府供给公共产品存在的问题,提出财政体制改革的政策建议。     

A model of corporate social performance: Social satisfaction and moral conduct

This article discusses corporate social performance (CSP) in manager–consumer interactions. The article identifies CSP with the private provision of public goods. The model analyzes two kinds of social preferences: the consumer's taste for CSP and the manager's taste for CSP. The primary force in determining the level of corporate moral conduct is the resulting social satisfaction in the interactions. A behavioral view identifies an alternative source of inertia as the low level of moral conduct insensitive to the social values. The firm operating at the high level of moral conduct focuses on meeting the expectations of socially conscious consumers and improves the provision of public goods.     

动物婚姻起源的经济分析

用动物生存和繁育形成的生存扩展曲线对动物婚姻形式进行分析后指出 ,当个体的生存相对于繁育而言是奢侈品时 ,动物婚姻形成内婚制度 ;当繁育相对于生存成为奢侈品时 ,则形成外婚制度 ;而当生存与繁育的边际替代率大于 1时 ,动物形成对偶婚姻。因此 ,在一定生存能力的预算约束下 ,动物在生存和繁育支出时决策的效用最大化 ,成为动物婚姻不同形式的经济选择。     

农业特性的社会学思考

从自然科学角度看，农业具有的地域性、季节性和周期性三个特点，决定了农户经营是最适合农业生产的组织形式；经济学的外部性理论，指出农业具有产品贡献、就业贡献、社会安全保障和休闲等功能。农业的外部性特征从某种意义上说明仅仅从经济学的角度认识农业已经受到限制。社会学从产业结构和农业功能的角度理解农业，认为其更多地体现为公共产品性。原因在于农业生产和农产品具有其它产业所不具备的四个特性：农业产品的提供具有社会性；农业具有多功能性；农业产品消费的必须性和非排他性。这就决定了国家对农业负有支持和保护的责任。     

"物欲"叙事:中国古代小说研究的新视角

在社会科学各学科研究中,经济研究与文学研究经常互相推动。经济学著作的煽情性与修辞技术,乃至结构框架常常来自文学及文学研究,而文学研究也从经济研究那里获得了很多模式化和规律性的启示。在文学创作实践中,现实社会中的"食货"等物欲世态常常与小说文本的叙事形态达成一种同构共谋关系,发生结构层面的置换。因此,在中国古代小说研究中,我们应当冲破以往"经济基础决定上层建筑"这一强势观念的束缚,不再一味地沿着"反映论"定律下的背景研究或投影研究的老路走下去,而应当别开生面地探讨小说叙述形态与社会物欲世态的同构关系,全面探讨以"食货"为重心的"物欲化"叙事形态及其结构意义。     

北京乡镇—村消费品流通体系建设研究

经过近几年的发展,京郊农村消费品现代流通网络已初步形成。在此基础上,进一步完善京郊消费品流通体系建设的重点是,增强企业综合实力,在竞争中提高市场集中度和市场绩效;以乡镇为网络主要节点,推动郊区零售网络建设;走综合服务之路,提高企业经营服务的多样化和综合性;加快乡镇一村流通体系建设,推进城市现代化和城乡协调发展。     

Material vs. spiritual—A novel economics perspective on marriage and divorce

By dividing household-produced commodities into material and spiritual goods, and incorporating Maslow's psychological theory of motivation into this economic framework, I explore why individuals with different preferences choose different mates, and how the drive to enter marriage has changed as society becomes more developed. I then study the optimal effort for individuals to devote to marriage. I argue that divorce is mainly caused by the reduction of effort that couples devote to marriage, which might be a rational decision in response to changes in preferences, household productivity, and the opportunity cost of effort.     

Where are you from? Cultural differences in public good experiments

We study the effect of cultural differences on contributions in a public good experiment, analysing real-time interactions between Italian and British subjects in their home countries. In the first treatment, subjects play in nationally homogeneous groups. In the second treatment, Italian and British subjects play in heterogeneous groups, knowing the nationality of the group members. In the third treatment, we control for a possible “country effect” by giving players no information on nationality. The data suggest that, in homogeneous groups, British subjects contribute significantly more to the public good; contributions are lower in heterogeneous groups; there is no country effect.     

知识经济对我国外贸出口的影响及对策

知识经济的产生和发展 ,对我国的外贸出口产生了深远的影响 :它使我国的传统货物贸易环境恶化 ,对弱小的服务贸易产生冲击 ,从而推动贸易方式向无纸化贸易转化。为扭转我国出口创汇的不利局面 ,应从产生创造优势 ,对企业进行知识化改造 ,扶植中小企业 ,组建跨国集团公司 ,产、学、研相结合等方面促进我国的外贸出口。     

Allocation and Pricing of Substitutable Goods: Theory and Algorithm

Motivated by the thriving market of online display advertising, we study a problem of allocating numerous types of goods among many agents who have concave valuations (capturing risk aversion) and heterogeneous substitution preferences across types of goods. The goal is both to provide a theory for optimal allocation of such goods, and to offer a scalable algorithm to compute the optimal allocation and the associated price vectors. Drawing on the economic concept of Pareto optimality, we develop an equilibrium pricing theory for heterogeneous substitutable goods that parallels the pricing theory for financial assets. We then develop a fast algorithm called SIMS (standardization‐and‐indicator‐matrix‐search). Extensive numerical simulations suggest that the SIMS algorithm is very scalable and is up to three magnitudes faster than well‐known alternative algorithms. Our theory and algorithm have important implications for the pricing and scheduling of online display advertisement and beyond.