个体特质性调节焦点的测量方法研究

目前，学界对于特质性调节焦点测量量表的使用并没有形成共识，提出一个公认的量表，只是BIS／BAS量表以大脑功能和人格特质为测量基础，RFQ量表以成就动机模型为测量基础等，且不同量表考察的角度有所不同，有的关注个体的价值观，有的关注个体为达到目标而采用的方式和策略。为此，建议以调节焦点理论为支撑，开发适合我国文化特点的测量指标，同时在量表的维度和题项的开发上要考虑中西方文化的差异，运用调节焦点理论和工具对个体的行为表现进行评估和预测。     

基于持续年度问卷调查的图书馆管理与服务研究——以湖南理工学院图书馆为例

通过对湖南理工学院图书馆2010-2013年度问卷调查结果和图书馆管理措施纵横对比分析,发现年度问卷调查作为一项常规管理与服务举措,值得采纳与推广;特别要注意的是,未来图书馆的发展要更加注重环境、空间、布局等多方位的管理与服务。     

Social Facilitation Expectancies for Smoking: Psychometric Properties of a New Measure

Abstract

Objective: Expectancies about social outcomes for smoking are relevant to college student smokers, who frequently report “social smoking.” A new measure, the Social Facilitation Expectancies (SFE) scale, was developed to assess these beliefs. Participants: The SFE was administered to undergraduate college student smokers (N = 1,096; study completed in May 2011). Methods: Items were scored on a 5-point scale with a summed total score. The sample was randomly split and principle axis factoring and confirmatory factor analysis applied to determine scale structure. The structure was tested across sex and smoking groups and validation analyses were conducted. Results: A 9-item, 1-factor scale was replicated within each group. Higher SFE scores were observed among those with greater smoking experience and higher scores were associated with greater endorsement of other smoking-related beliefs. Conclusions: These preliminary findings provide support for the sound psychometric properties of this measure for use with young adult college students.     

Risk Factors Associated With Overweight and Obesity in College Students

College obesity is increasing, but to the authors' knowledge, no researchers to date have evaluated risk factors in this population. Objective: The authors assessed whether abnormal eating perceptions and behaviors were associated with overweight in college students. Participants and Methods: A sample of undergraduates (N = 4,201) completed an online survey containing demographic questions and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) questionnaire. The authors stratified participants into normal-weight and overweight/obese groups and evaluated physical activity, EAT-26 score, purging behaviors, and answers to selected overweight screening questions on the basis of body mass index. A modified EAT-26 score of ≥ 11 was associated with overweight (p = .016). Results: Compared with normal-weight peers, overweight participants displayed an increased fear of bingeing, preoccupation with food, desire to be thinner, and engagement in dieting behavior. Mean body mass index also increased with age and physical inactivity (p < .001). Conclusions: Because physical inactivity, disordered eating perceptions, and disordered behaviors are associated with increased rates of overweight and obesity, identification of these risk factors in obese youths may increase understanding of weight loss barriers and facilitate the treatment of adolescent obesity.     

Health System Reform and the Elderly: The Case of Israel

Abstract

Following the implementation of the National Health Insurance Law in January 1995, major changes have taken place in the provision of health services by Israel's sick funds and the way these services are funded. This article presents the principal changes that have occurred and assesses their impact on those aged 65 and older, using findings of a survey conducted one year after the law's enactment. While the findings show that the elderly's situation has improved in some areas, they also raise concerns that the elderly are having difficulty navigating the reformed health system and that they are not benefiting from the new competition among the sick funds.     

Child Support Noncompliance and Divorced Fathers:

Despite the wide citation of the number of children not receiving child support, not enough is known about the charac- teristics and conditions that might be related to fathers' child support payments. The purpose of this discussion is to ex lore the issue of child support compliance with the larger scope ofpost-divorce pa- ternal involvement. Three areas of concern, fathers' visitation, the coparental relationship, and custodial arrangement, are examined as they relate to child support compliance and overall postdivorce pa- ternal involvement. Points of intervention and policy recommenda- tions which would facilitate child support payment and father in- volvement in general are discussed.     

Hormonal homeostasis in a group of 216 aging Czech males and correlation with responses to a questionnaire of the University of St Louis

The male aging process is accompanied by changes in the levels of several types of hormones. Falling levels of androgenic-anabolic steroids (total testosterone, free testosterone, biologically accessible testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone) correspond to a group of symptoms referred to as PADAM syndrome (Partial Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male). In the case of those carefully examined patients with symptoms of PADAM and proven hypogonadism, administering androgen supplements can alleviate some of the undesirable manifestations. In its literature, the University of St Louis repeatedly refers to its questionnaire as a verbal tool for the detection of possible hypogonadism.

The aim of this study was to ascertain to what extent the aging process is evident in hormonal homeostasis detected in laboratory testing, and the extent to which this data is in accord with the evaluation of responses to questions in the University of St Louis questionnaire. Method: 216 men aged over 50 years were examined. Measurements were taken of: testosterone; the index of free testosterone; androstenedione; dihydrotestosterone; dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulfate; isomers 7α- and 7β-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone; epitestosterone; luteinizing hormone (LH); follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH); prolactin; and sexual hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Evaluations of the patients' responses to the University of St Louis questionnaire were compared with the results of the laboratory tests. Results: The study confirms that the most prominent phenomenon is that of an age-related decrease in the index of free testosterone, which is indicated in particular by an increase in the level of SHBG, and by a decrease in dehydroepiandrosterone and its derivatives. No significant correlation was found between levels of hormones and single items on the questionnaire, nor with the overall score arrived at by studying the patients' data.     

新型城市化背景下统筹城乡发展的实证分析——以广州为例

以广州为蓝本,对问卷调查结果进行实证分析,了解城乡居民对统筹城乡发展现状的满意度及期望、城乡之间的主要差距和突出问题,对新型城市化背景下统筹城乡发展的路径进行分析．并提出相关对策建议。     

大学宿舍文化建设现状的调查与研究——关于湖北师范学院学生宿舍文化建设的现状调查

本文采用问卷调查和日常访谈方式分析了湖北师范学院大学生宿舍的现状,指出目前宿舍文化建设存在的不足,最后提出了相应的对策:加强大学生核心价值观的教育,树立"以生为本"的思想,加强宿舍文化制度建设,填写宿舍成长档案,充分发挥学生干部的骨干作用,积极开展丰富多彩的宿舍文化活动等。     

理工科院校导师对研究生管理问题的研究

文章通过一个小范围的调研来了解理工科院校研究生指导教师对学生的选择,管理的方式和方法,指导教师的结构和教学、科研.初步分析了问卷统计中的情况和问题,希望学校和社会从中认识到指导教师对研究生管理的必要性,并进一步认识到指导教师在研究生教育中的重要性.