大宗物资集中采购的调运计划研究

大宗物资调运问题是一个受多因素影响的复杂问题,一般来讲,其调运数量大、地域跨度大、时间紧。如何协调供需以及运输能力,保证物资采购部门的经济利益是本文所要研究的问题。本文首先给出了大宗物资集中采购的调运模式,然后针对采购部门在大宗物资调运过程中遇到的困难,为采购部门提出了以获取数量折扣、准时采购、降低库存成本和协调运输能力为准则的调运计划模型。数值计算表明应用本文所建模型编制调运计划能够达到降低采购费用、协调运输能力的目的,为大宗物资调运计划的编制提供了一种较为有效的方法。     

战略联盟寻租博弈分析

战略联盟中的超额利润是租金的重要来源,为了寻求租金,想加入战略联盟中的企业展开博弈。在此背景下,通过对比与古诺博弈与斯坦克伯尔格博弈中的个体和总体均衡支付的不同种情况,本文论述了战略企业先后行动的寻租博弈分析,并对这种寻租博弈提出有意义的结果。     

Assessing Engineering Resilience for Systems with Multiple Performance Measures

Recently, efforts to model and assess a system's resilience to disruptions due to environmental and adversarial threats have increased substantially. Researchers have investigated resilience in many disciplines, including sociology, psychology, computer networks, and engineering systems, to name a few. When assessing engineering system resilience, the resilience assessment typically considers a single performance measure, a disruption, a loss of performance, the time required to recover, or a combination of these elements. We define and use a resilient engineered system definition that separates system resilience into platform and mission resilience. Most complex systems have multiple performance measures; this research proposes using multiple objective decision analysis to assess system resilience for systems with multiple performance measures using two distinct methods. The first method quantifies platform resilience and includes resilience and other “ilities” directly in the value hierarchy, while the second method quantifies mission resilience and uses the “ilities” in the calculation of the expected mission performance for every performance measure in the value hierarchy. We illustrate the mission resilience method using a transportation systems‐of‐systems network with varying levels of resilience due to the level of connectivity and autonomy of the vehicles and platform resilience by using a notional military example. Our analysis found that it is necessary to quantify performance in context with specific mission(s) and scenario(s) under specific threat(s) and then use modeling and simulation to help determine the resilience of a system for a given set of conditions. The example demonstrates how incorporating system mission resilience can improve performance for some performance measures while negatively affecting others.     

新世纪城市交通发展态势及其影响——以南京市为例

以南京市为例 ,就决定大城市未来交通结构与模式的三种关键交通方式———小汽车、自行车、公共交通的发展前景、态势及其影响进行分析研究 ,以期为制定跨世纪的城市交通发展战略与政策提供依据     

抗战时期西部的航空运输业建设

抗战爆发后,为打破日军封锁和开展大后方正常对外贸易,国民政府采取了一系列措施以重庆为中心发展西部航空运输业.西部航空运输业在发展中呈现出航线变动频繁、航空运输建设服从军事需要为主等特点.西部航空运输业经过三个阶段的发展,在一定程度上支持了抗战,并推动了整个中国民航运输业的发展.但由于航空人才缺乏、航空制造技术落后等原因,西部航空运输业的发展又难尽人意.     

试论交通运输行为准则的形成与发展

交通运输行为准则作为特定行业的职业规范和职业道德 ,伴随着交通运输业的出现、发展而逐步形成和发展起来。从中国古代社会的礼让文明到当代社会的“安全优质、文明服务” ,这一变化过程表现出交通运输行业行为准则的独特性和社会关联性     

Influence of Safety Measures on the Risks of Transporting Dangerous Goods Through Road Tunnels

Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) models are used to estimate the risks of transporting dangerous goods and to assess the merits of introducing alternative risk reduction measures for different transportation scenarios and assumptions. A comprehensive QRA model recently was developed in Europe for application to road tunnels. This model can assess the merits of a limited number of "native safety measures." In this article, we introduce a procedure for extending its scope to include the treatment of a number of important "nonnative safety measures" of interest to tunnel operators and decisionmakers. Nonnative safety measures were not included in the original model specification. The suggested procedure makes use of expert judgment and Monte Carlo simulation methods to model uncertainty in the revised risk estimates. The results of a case study application are presented that involve the risks of transporting a given volume of flammable liquid through a 10-km road tunnel.     

论会盟在春秋争霸中的特殊功能

春秋争霸过程中,会盟以其特殊的功能发挥着极其重要的作用,这些功能至少可以归纳为三个方面,即:可以建立比较稳定的军事联盟关系,有效的开展争霸战争;可以确立公认的霸主地位,把军事胜利转化为政治成果;可以实现暂时的"弭兵",在和平状态下共同瓜分小国利益。会盟所以具有这些特殊功能,是与春秋时期的时代特征分不开的,也是春秋争霸的性质所决定的。     

构建铁路“车站信号自动控制“课程新体系思考

"车站信号自动控制"这一传统的铁路特色专业课程,其课程体系日显陈旧,在教学中存在的问题越来越突出。构建新的课程体系,要重组传统内容、加强新技术内容、拓宽应用。新体系实现途径是:提高理论层次,拓宽知识面,突出主干内容教学、改革教学手段和方法。     

交通事业单位预算管理方式研究

针对我国交通事业单位在预算编制目标、预算编制方式中存在的问题,通过对国外预算编制方式的比较,就我国交通事业单位预算管理在预算编制目标确定、预算控制组织构建、预算控制方式和预算管理方法等方面提出了建设性的意见,以加强交通事业单位预算管理。