典故的认知模式

典故是一种历史化隐喻,其原义的具体情节常被抽象化,并且与所描述的现时事件发生喻义上的冲突或错置,映现关系也处于隐含状态。本文阐述了典故的认知模式及其喻义在线构建的心理运作过程,认为对典故的认知涉及到意象———图示的跨认知域映射与诸空间域之间部分语义要素的投射合成。     

典故词语的构词与立目问题

通过大量事例着重阐述典故的构词特点,研究典故词的立目原则和方法。指出典故词是“介于词与语之间的非词非语”的一类,结构样式有的像词,有的像语。有偏正、联合、主谓、述补、述宾、状谓等多种。所有典故词基本都离不开入、地、物、事四大要素,由这些要素中的某两个或几个组成,也有少数借助语境只取其中的一个。事典词语往往结构松散,在立目上可取用典故要素提取的方式。立目时要注意尽量彰显典故,显示其与普通词语的不同,立目原则要根据词典性质而有所区分,注意方便读者对典故的查找,可吸取类书的特点,为词典编制人、地、物、事要素索引。     

论辛弃疾词的曲折含蕴美

辛弃疾是宋代成就最高的词人,其词作不仅抒写了雄浑壮阔的内容,而且具有词这一文体幽深精微的美质。文人和英雄的双重身份,使辛弃疾的情感格外深沉复杂,发而为词,就使其词作盘郁顿挫,具有特别动人的力量;与此相应,在意象上"摧刚为柔"和大小意象的对比,在结构上"以文为词"、"引气入词",在用典上丰赡贴切等艺术特点,也使其词作具有一种独特的曲折含蕴美。     

When Everyone Is an Orphan: Against Adopting a U.S.-Styled Orphan Drug Policy in Canada

Putting aside whether diseases that affect only small numbers of people (“rare diseases”) should be prioritized over diseases that are otherwise orphaned, in this article I argue that a new approach to rare, orphan diseases is needed. The current model, first signaled by the United States' Orphan Drug Act and subsequently emulated by several other jurisdictions, relies on a set of open-ended criteria and market-based incentives in order to define and encourage drug therapies for rare, orphan diseases. Given a) the biopharmaceutical industries' growing interest in orphan diseases, b) progress in the sphere of personalized medicines enabling more and more common diseases to be reclassified as rare, and c) empirical evidence suggesting that the most orphan drugs target only a limited, lucrative subset of rare diseases, I argue that Canada, which recently announced plans to develop its own “orphan drug framework” should not follow the United States' orphan drug model.     

毛泽东诗词中典故的文化翻译

典故的翻译对毛泽东诗词的翻译至关重要。毛泽东诗词典故可分为神话、寓言、人名等类别。从文化翻译的角度,对比分析四种《毛泽东诗词》英译本的典故译文,可发现汉语诗词典故翻译的某些规律与经验。     

引喻的文化内涵与翻译

从语言学和跨文化交际学的角度研究了英语和汉语中引喻的基本形式与作用 ,并对引喻的文化内涵及其翻译策略进行了探讨     

Consistent Estimation of the Structural Distribution Function

Motivated by problems in linguistics we consider a multinomial random vector for which the number of cells N is not much smaller than the sum of the cell frequencies, i.e. the sample size n . The distribution function of the uniform distribution on the set of all cell probabilities multiplied by N is called the structural distribution function of the cell probabilities. Conditions are given that guarantee that the structural distribution function can be estimated consistently as n increases indefinitely although n / N does not. The natural estimator is inconsistent and we prove consistency of essentially two alternative estimators.     

艾略特诗歌的用典败笔

本文从艾略特早期哲学思想中考察其追求诗歌的“隐晦”目标，并通过中西诗学观点的比较指出艾略特的“哲学诗歌”误区，这一误区导致他在早期诗歌特别是在《荒原》中使用“生典”和“硬典”的修辞败笔。     

沉淀法提取混合稀土的工艺条件试验

本文对草酸—碳铵混合物(H_2C_2O_4·2H_2O—NH_4HCO_3)作沉淀剂处理离子型稀土矿水的工艺条件作了系统的试验,找出了提取稀土的最佳工艺条件,很有希望降低提取成本和提高效益。     

网络时代下外来生僻人名的汉译策略——以《公共外交》为例

外来人名的汉译国内虽有《世界人名翻译大辞典》可以参考,但对既定文本中出现的不少人名却依然无能为力。在讨论人名翻译的对等原则和罗曼语系人名汉译的特点基础上,以《公共外交》中繁杂的外来人名汉译为例,提出网络检索、官网核查、邮件交流三种策略来解决文本中生僻人名的翻译问题,认为译者在汉译外来人名时,必须要在参考权威辞典的基础之上,充分利用网络带来的便利条件多方求证,力图做到人名汉译的对等与可信,以期为新时代的外译汉研究提供借鉴和思考。