The impact of infectious diseases on remittances inflows to India

The economic crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic seems to be grimmer when observed from the migration perspective. Remittances play a vital role in economic development of India through promoting output growth, household spending on health and education, poverty alleviation, financial inclusion and entrepreneurship. Given the importance of remittances, it is important to analyse how the current pandemic will influence the remittances inflows to India. Towards this end, the study employs a gravity model approach to the determinants of remittances with special attention to the impact of infectious diseases in the host countries. The present study constructs a dataset on bilateral remittances from 99 destination countries and utilizes the data on prevalence of infectious diseases in the host countries during the period 2000–2018 to assess the impact of the latter on the inflows of remittances to India. The results of the study based on a variety of estimators tackling various econometric issues suggest a statistically significant negative impact of prevalence of infectious diseases in the host country on the inflows of remittances. The negative impact of infectious diseases on remittances suggest that while there are downside risks in the wake of current pandemic, the scenario does not seem to be that bleak as the remittances to India are countercyclical with respect to economic growth in the home country and largely decoupled from host country macroeconomic fundamentals. As the remittances act as shock absorbers during the time of low economic growth in the home country, India must further build up a conducive eco system to nurture these valuable foreign exchange in a well directed manner.     

Local perspective and practical knowledge: Social work practice research on chronic diseases of the nomadic area in China

Taking a nomadic community in Inner Mongolia autonomous region of China as an example, this paper analyzes the local characteristics of chronic diseases suffered by families and nomads in the nomadic area of Inner Mongolia and puts forward the problem of ignoring the local cultural and ecological factors in the social welfare system dealing with the chronic diseases of nomadic area. The paper describes disregard of the welfare system, institutions, communities, families, and individuals of chronic diseases in the nomadic area and points out that social work practice research should be carried out based on the cultural and ecological relevance and local knowledge of the nomadic area. It is believed that the family healthcare model suitable for nomadic area has practical significance for effectively dealing with chronic diseases in the nomadic area.     

气候伦理研究须先确立的基本理念——根治灾疫之难的全球伦理行动方案

在当代进程中,气候失律标志人类存在安全和健康生存的宇观环境不复存在。为谋求自救,气候伦理研究必须为恢复气候的时空韵律而重建全新的伦理认知理念体系：气候失律导致灾疫失律,灾疫失律进一步推动气候失律,其根本的推动力是人类无限度的地球活动。要全面节制人类的地球活动,必须重建人与环境的亲缘性存在关系,以此为整体要求,遵循生态逻辑法则,学会限度生存,重建生境利益机制,实施国际协作减排。这既是恢复失律的气候、根治灾疫、重建世界和人类生境的根本认知前提,亦是其恢复失律的气候、根治灾疫、重建世界和人类生境的基本进路。     

棉针织物染色用稀土作助剂初探

本文选用活性嫩黄X—6G染料,使用稀土作助剂,对棉针织物的染色进行了系统的试验,得到了最佳染色条件,结果表明,使用稀土作助染剂上染,用固色剂y代替纯碱固色效果更好,上染率比传统工艺提高87.8％,同时对稀土增深作用作出解释。     

番茄主要病害防治技术

对我市大田和大棚内番茄的主要病害进行观察及防治试验，总结出各种主要病害的特征，提出了相应的综合防治技术措施。     

风险、预算、信息与有效预防--传染病预防的经济学分析

对传染病的经济学分析才刚刚开始,分析主要集中在对艾滋病、天花等疾病的分析上,给出了传染病防治的一些基本模型.但这些分析没有形成一个系统的框架.我们从传染病的个人预防出发,分别讨论了风险、预算、信息三个因素对个人预防行为的作用,得出的结论是基于上述约束的个人预防无法实现传染病的有效预防,需要政府等外力的介入以突破个人预防困境.     

郑和下西洋反思

通过对十五世纪中、西方远航船队的比较 ,昭示世人郑和船队的伟大。通过对郑和下西洋目的的辨析 ,阐明了明成祖朱棣和明宣宗朱瞻基派遣郑和下西洋的真实意图 ,追求“天下共主”的虚名和“贸采琛异”的耗费 ,给明朝社会经济带来了沉重打击。这是“埋葬”伟大郑和船队的根本原因     

Inverse Adaptive Cluster Sampling with Unequal Selection Probabilities: Case Studies on Crab Holes and Arsenic Pollution

Adaptive cluster sampling is an efficient method of estimating the parameters of rare and clustered populations. The method mimics how biologists would like to collect data in the field by targeting survey effort to localised areas where the rare population occurs. Another popular sampling design is inverse sampling. Inverse sampling was developed so as to be able to obtain a sample of rare events having a predetermined size. Ideally, in inverse sampling, the resultant sample set will be sufficiently large to ensure reliable estimation of population parameters. In an effort to combine the good properties of these two designs, adaptive cluster sampling and inverse sampling, we introduce inverse adaptive cluster sampling with unequal selection probabilities. We develop an unbiased estimator of the population total that is applicable to data obtained from such designs. We also develop numerical approximations to this estimator. The efficiency of the estimators that we introduce is investigated through simulation studies based on two real populations: crabs in Al Khor, Qatar and arsenic pollution in Kurdistan, Iran. The simulation results show that our estimators are efficient.