312经络锻炼法治疗农村中老年原发性高血压病的疗效和相关机理研究

目的探讨"312"经络锻炼法(简称"312")在农村,对高血压病的近、中期疗效追踪及相关机理的研究。方法对66例农村原发性高血压病志愿者,进行教、学、练、督导312。自身对照分组,312前为对照组,312后为试验组。于312前及后第2,5,9,12个月分别追踪其症状、体征、血压、用药、疗效等指标的变化,观察数据比较,分析总结。结果①血压:66例高血压病患者,其血压于312后2,5,9,12个月与312前比较,各均有显著差异,P<0.01(表1,图1)。②临床疗效:症状、其他指标、用药等亦相应地有所好转。312后2,5,9,12个月的显效率逐渐递增,各分别为31%,56%,61%,75%;总有效率各为:67%,80%,88%,95%;无效率:各分别33%,20%,12%,5%,呈逐步递减趁势(表2,图2)。结论①312的特点:自治、全治、根治,长期坚持312,对高血压病及其它病症均具有显著效果。②形势和任务:适合目前国情,奉献这一简单、有效、无副作用、经济实惠的医疗保健法给全国9亿农民,为国争光,为民造福。     

云台山风景名胜区古树名木社会生态调查

古树名木在园林规划、人文景观、生态旅游、生态环境建设等方面具有重要作用。通过调查,概述了云台山古树名木的种类、数量、树龄、分布以及生长环境,分析了云台山风景区古树名木生存环境的保护情况,在此基础上,对云台山古树名木的开发利用和可持续保护方面提出了建设性建议。     

甘肃民族地区新型农村合作医疗运行研究

农村医疗保障制度是社会保障体系的重要组成部分,对保障广大农民身体健康、促进农村经济和社会发展起重要作用。民族地区农民＂因病致贫、因病返贫＂现象严重,甘肃民族地区新型农村合作医疗存在政府财政投入不足,筹集资金困难,基金使用率低;基金补偿率低,农民参合意愿较差;定点医疗机构偏少,医疗设备缺乏,卫生人员水平低;报销程序繁琐,报销比例低。甘肃民族地区完善新型农村合作医疗制度应进一步加大宣传,提高农民对新型农村合作医疗的认识;大力支持民族地区的经济发展,提高农民参合积极性;改善医疗条件,加大农村医疗队伍的培养和再培训力度;制定便捷的报销政策,鼓励使用中医药和民族医药;结合民族地区实际,采取各种方式拓宽筹资渠道。     

灾疫伦理研究的基本内容·核心问题·多元维度——灾疫伦理学：通向未来的桥梁（下）

灾疫伦理学所探讨的根本内容,是如何为当代灾疫防治和灾疫后重建提供全新的伦理认知、伦理人性和伦理方法论;为此,它所必须解决的核心问题是灾疫制度重建。在此基础上,灾疫伦理研究展开为时间和空间两个序列：在时间序列上,灾疫预防伦理研究、灾疫预警伦理研究和灾疫后重建伦理研究构成其基本内容;在空间序列上,灾疫生态环境伦理、灾疫生命伦理、灾疫生境-家园重建伦理、灾疫康复伦理和灾疫教育伦理,此五者构成了灾疫伦理学的完整表述。     

稀土抑菌剂的研究现状

二十世纪以来,稀土领域的研究日益受到人们的关注,尤其在稀土生物化学领域,取得了令人鼓舞的成绩。人们陆续发现,一些稀土化合物及稀土有机配合物具有抗炎、抗菌、抗凝血、降血糖等作用。本文系统介绍了各类稀土抑菌剂的抑菌效果及其在医药、纺织、粘合剂等领域的应用前景。     

罕见病保障机制：部分国家与地区的经验与启示

建立健全罕见病保障机制有助于加快我国全民健康覆盖和健康中国建设进程,也有助于推动我国生物医药产业转型升级。文章从罕见病的定义、药品供应保障和费用分担,以及对医药产业发展的促进等方面对部分国家和地区的做法进行梳理,总结其经验启示与建议。一是界定罕见病范围是建立罕见病保障机制的前提和基础,需要从多维度对罕见病进行界定,更好地推动罕见病保障机制的建设。二是改善药品可及是建立罕见病保障机制的重要内容,需要进一步加强对国内企业的支持力度,及时将国内企业涉及罕见病的相关产品纳入医保目录,更好地改善罕见病患者的药物可及性。三是普惠与特惠相结合的医疗保障制度是缓解罕见病患者就医负担的主要手段,应优先建立普惠性制度,让所有罕见病患者均能获得基本医疗保险制度的待遇保障。在此基础上,探索建立特惠性保障制度,缓解罕见病患者因病返贫、因病致贫问题。四是建立健全罕见病保障机制是实现我国生物医药产业转型升级的重要助推器。应加强医疗保障政策与医药产业政策的衔接,进一步完善我国罕见病保障机制,推动医药产业转型升级和高质量发展,更好地满足我国罕见病患者的药品保障需求。     

Food safety in the aging population: Qualitative findings on what to communicate and how

The present study investigated older adults’ risk perception, beliefs, and self-perception in the field of kitchen hygiene and food safety. A qualitative study with semi-structured focus groups was conducted. A total of 37 older adults (60–80 years of age) from Germany participated in four focus groups that were stratified by gender. Focus groups covered older adults’ food-handling practices, their perceptions of vulnerability, and their informational needs in the field of food safety. A thematic analysis approach was adopted. The coding categories and subcategories were developed inductively by the researchers based on the data. The coded data were then used to identify overarching themes and subthemes. Main results showed that older adults had confidence in their knowledge and skills with regard to food safety, perceived their post-war generation overall to be resistant and other so-called at-risk groups to be more vulnerable. Moreover, they expressed low informational needs in the area of food safety. The results suggest that age-specific aspects play a role in older adults’ risk perception and highlight the need to develop age-specific risk communication strategies that take into account older adults’ beliefs, knowledge, and informational needs.     

大学生网络成瘾调查及干预措施探讨

互联网的飞速发展给人类的社会生活带来了巨大的变革,既给人们的工作、学习和生活带来了极大的方便,同时又有它负面的影响,甚至会影响人们的身心健康.研究表明,目前大学生的一些身心问题与网瘾有关.因此对大学生网络成瘾情况不能忽视,应尽快采取有效的干预措施,防止身心疾病的发生.     

Impact of Model Choice on LR Assessment in Case of Rare Haplotype Match (Frequentist Approach)

The likelihood ratio (LR) measures the relative weight of forensic data regarding two hypotheses. Several levels of uncertainty arise if frequentist methods are chosen for its assessment: the assumed population model only approximates the true one, and its parameters are estimated through a limited database. Moreover, it may be wise to discard part of data, especially that only indirectly related to the hypotheses. Different reductions define different LRs. Therefore, it is more sensible to talk about ‘a’ LR instead of ‘the’ LR, and the error involved in the estimation should be quantified. Two frequentist methods are proposed in the light of these points for the ‘rare type match problem’, that is, when a match between the perpetrator's and the suspect's DNA profile, never observed before in the database of reference, is to be evaluated.     

富铈混合稀土及锶对铸铝A356组织和力学性能的影响

本文通过加入不同富铈稀土变质剂和Sr对A356铸铝进行变质,分析了枝晶及共晶硅形貌,测试了几组材料的延伸率、拉伸强度和疲劳行为。试验及分析表明:变质剂对微结构的主要作用是改善了枝晶分布的均匀度,使共晶硅形态趋向短粗和圆棒状。随变质剂加入量的增加,A356合金的拉伸强度和延伸率逐渐增加。变质剂对A356铝合金的低周疲劳性能影响甚微,而提高了高周疲劳寿命。综合分析表明,变质剂对枝晶组织的均匀化和对共晶硅形貌的变化减小了初始缺陷尺寸,对疲劳裂纹萌生寿命的提高有显著影响。