Psychiatric Symptomatology in a Deaf College Population Affecting Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

As the mental health needs of the deaf receive increased recognition, issues of diagnosis and treatment become vital. Several characteristic behavioral patterns are frequently encountered which often confuse diagnosis, particularly in clinicians inexperienced with hearing-impaired individuals. These behavioral characteristics of suspiciousness, the use of odd or idiosyncratic language, difficulties in expression of affects, and acting out behaviors may create a tendency to overdiagnose serious mental illness. In addition, an understanding of the impact of deafness on an individual's personality development is crucial to an intelligent choice of treatment approach. These difficult issues of differential diagnosis and treatment are discussed in the context of the psychotherapeutic experiences of a hearing and nonsigning clinician working with deaf college students.     

论我国职业病民事赔偿制度的完善——从《职业病防治法》第59条出发

《职业病防治法》第59条明确规定职业病病人有获得赔偿的权利,但该条规定的实施现状却不尽人意,其案件胜诉率低且计算模式混乱,究其原因在于业界对第59条规定的合理性存在质疑且该规定本身存有歧义,应当结合职业病的特性对职业病民事赔偿制度进行完善,以期职业病群体能够获得民事赔偿,保障其日常的医疗、用药需求。     

Child Sexual Abuse Intervention: An Exploratory Study of Policy Concerns and Implications for Program Development

ABSTRACT

This exploratory study was designed to determine public opinion regarding intervention options for intrafamilial child sexual abuse offenders, victims, and families. The study investigated the public's willingness to support strategies of victim protection, offender control, and treatment services in various types of child sexual abuse intervention strategies. The respondents to the statewide survey generally supported established, adversarial intervention strategies, and had mixed reactions lo several of the diversion program strategies. The findings suggest that policy makers may have to compromise lo obtain public support when designing and implementing intervention programs for intrafamilial child sexual abuse. The article addresses policy issues and concludes with implications for program development.     

Sexual Behaviors and Sexually Transmitted Diseases of Lesbians

ABSTRACT

The Boston Lesbian Health Project surveyed 1633 lesbians about their health status, health related behaviors and health problems. This paper reports on those parts of the questionnaire that dealt with sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted diseases. The sample was predominantly monogamous, but few had been in their present relationship for more than five years. Sexual practices were similar to those reported in previous studies of lesbians and to those reported in a study of heterosexual women. Sexually transmitted diseases were rare in women who had never had sex with a male partner. The majority of the sample did report a history of male sexual partners and therefore are at risk for abnormal pap smears and other sexually transmitted diseases.     

Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Risk Behaviors from the NIMH Collaborative HIV/STD Prevention Trial

ABSTRACT

This cross-sectional study describes the baseline prevalence and correlates of common bacterial and viral sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and risk behaviors among individuals at high risk for HIV recruited in five low- and middle-income countries. Correlations of risk behaviors and demographic factors with prevalent STDs and the association of STDs with HIV prevalence are examined. Between 2,212 and 5,543 participants were recruited in each of five countries (China, India, Peru, Russia, and Zimbabwe). Standard protocols were used to collect behavioral risk information and biological samples for STD testing. Risk factors for HIV/STD prevalence were evaluated using logistic regression models. STD prevalence was significantly higher for women than men in all countries, and the most prevalent STD was Herpes simplex virus-type 2 (HSV-2). HIV prevalence was generally low (below 5%) except in Zimbabwe (30% among women, 11.7% among men). Prevalence of bacterial STDs was generally low (below 5% for gonorrhea and under 7% for syphilis in all sites), with the exception of syphilis among female sex workers in India. Behavioral and demographic risks for STDs varied widely across the five study sites. Common risks for STDs included female gender, increasing number of recent sex partners, and in some sites, older age, particularly for chronic STDs (i.e., HSV-2 and HIV). Prevalence of HIV was not associated with STDs except in Zimbabwe, which showed a modest correlation between HIV and HSV-2 prevalence (Pearson coefficient = .55). These findings underscore the heterogeneity of global STD and HIV epidemics and suggest that local, focused interventions are needed to achieve significant declines in these infections.     

Risk of Tumorigenesis in First-in-Human Trials of Embryonic Stem Cell Neural Derivatives: Ethics in the Face of Long-Term Uncertainty

While the successful differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into high purity populations of specialized cells is viewed as a major step towards the safety of prospective human transplantation trials, concerns about the possible risks of tumor formation remain. The potential tumorigenicity of transplants derived from embryonic stem cells raises distinctive ethical challenges regarding trial design, evaluation of their risks to potential benefits ratio, population selection, and post-trial subject monitoring. These challenges are examined within the context of foreseen trials for disorders of the central nervous system.     

The Use of a Mutual Aid Group with Home Attendants

SUMMARY

This article reflects the experience of six home attendants whose clients were individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer's and other related dementias. It examines how they used a mutual aid group to discuss the stresses, professional and personal problems that resulted from their work.     

农村老年人日常生活自理能力的性别差异研究

随着中国农村老龄化进程的加快 ,老年人日常生活自理能力问题日益突出 ,而目前对生活自理能力性别差异的研究还不够深入。本文运用逻辑斯缔回归模型 ,利用安徽省巢湖市的农村老年人生活福利状况调查数据 ,研究了慢性疾病、认知能力、老人得到的日常生活上的照料和经济帮助因素分别对男性和女性生活自理能力的不同影响 ,得到了一些有意义的结果     

类书、总集误收颜延之诗文辨正

《海录碎事》中误辑、误引颜延之诗文句十二则,《诗渊》中误辑颜延之佚诗二首,逯钦立《先秦汉魏晋南北朝诗·宋诗》中误辑颜延之佚诗残篇三则。其中多数都是把江淹的拟作误系于颜延之名下,有少数属于文字讹误和文句颠倒。此外,严可均《全宋文》据《艺文类聚》,误辑颜延之文一篇。有必要进行考辨厘正。