自由意志问题新解

自由意志问题是哲学的基本问题,但哲学家们对这一问题并未形成统一见解。自由的实现是一个过程,而自由意志即是对作为目的本身的人类的理性和实践能力的终极关怀。立足马克思对自由阐释的视角,透视实现自由的四个前提,其一是实践;其二是物质资料生产方式;其三是分工的依据;其四是消灭阶级。     

A DOCUMENTARY REGIME OF VERIFICATION

This essay is concerned with a critical but under theorized practice of modern society – official identification. It makes two arguments about modern identification technologies: they develop within an archival problematization of identity, and secondly, they should be critically analyzed as practices of verification. Although the essay is historical in focus these two arguments are intended as an intervention in debates about contemporary practices of identification and surveillance. The essay examines the emergence of the passport in the US from the 1850s to the 1930s. The contested development of the conviction that the identity in a passport is in ‘fact’ someone's identity is the subject of this history of the passport. The passport is used to argue that official identification, as a modern problem was rethought as the collection, classification and circulation of information through new bureaucratic logics of objectivity. The subsequent assemblage of modern identification practices formed what is best understood as a documentary regime of verification that produced identity as a stable object critical to the governing practices of the modern state. The passport as a technology of verification foregrounds that the modern production of this ‘official identity’ through documents is collapsed into a truth claim, which presents that identity as self-evident.     

Grid-group cultural theory and the causal mechanism approach as requisite partners. Explaining enforcement decisions in West European labor inspection

As street-level bureaucrats, labor inspectors enjoy much autonomy and discretion in the performance of their job. To avoid this freedom being abused, two measures are often taken. First, supervisors keep oversight by inspecting case files. Second, labor inspectors are subjected to a competitive system of targets that encourages competition. These two measures resemble two subtypes of organizational control in grid-group cultural theory, respectively hierarchical and individualistic control. The impact of both types of control has been analyzed in an ethnographic case study in four field organizations of West European labor inspection. The overarching grid-group cultural theory framework was particularly valuable to illustrate how tensions between hierarchical and individualistic control lead to inconsistencies in the enforcement styles that labor inspectors apply. However, it did not seem sufficient to explain why labor inspectors apply a hierarchical enforcement style in some investigations and an individualistic enforcement style in others. This paper illustrates how the integration of grid-group cultural theory with two middle-range theories in the causal mechanism approach (i.e. moral disengagement and role strain theory) could provide such proximate explanations and thus strengthen the explanatory power of grid-group cultural theory.     

中国人学美学思想从理性到非理性的异变——以明万历年间李贽与耿定向的笔战为论述中心

中国人注重直觉、意象的思维方法带有更浓厚的非理性色彩,而思维成果——思想——借助政治力推行之思想则是理性的。这种理性思想在受佛教思想影响而不断心化的过程中,非理性因素日趋滋长,至明代中后期,在经济发达期与渐重衣食日用之实和直面功利之势相结合而走向了突破理性的门槛。耿定向的攻讦,将强调这种思想的李贽逼出原有地界,从而在价值观、人性论、伦理观、审美观等一系列问题上形成整体变异完成了从以家族血缘为本到非家族血缘——以自我为命;从尊经崇圣的等级观念到非圣非权威的平等观念;从人性公义说到非公义——人性私利说;由道德本体论至非道德本体论——情欲本体论;由倡中和之美到非中和之美——倡狂狷、真率之美的转换过程。它标志着中国人学思想、美学思想由理性到非理性的一次历史性异变。     

异化劳动：马克思现代性批判的切入点

理性形而上学是西方资本主义现代性的存在论基础,在资本主义状态下人被物(如资本、商品)统治的实质是抽象理性在现实生活中所造就的异化。马克思在异化劳动中找到了理性形而上学的现实根源,异化劳动理论成为马克思现代性批判的切入点,并指明了回归现实生活的过程是马克思哲学革命的理论根基。     

回归自然——精神家园的终极

长期以来 ,理论界对庄子的人生哲学多揭露其消极厌世的一面。近年来 ,有学者开始揭示其积极意义 ,但也仅从他的生死观等方面作哲理分析。本文认为从庄子的思维方向入手 ,在揭示庄子的唯心主义哲学前提的基础上 ,可以挖掘出庄子人生哲学中蕴藏的合理内核。他为后人提供了启迪性的思想资料 ,是今人正确认识人与自然的关系 ,坚持社会可持续发展的一种有价值的思想渊源     

太行山隧道膏溶角砾岩地段合理断面型式研究

石太客运专线太行山隧道膏溶角砾岩地层，围岩松动压力和膨胀压力大。对圆形、马蹄形、椭圆形三种断面型式进行计算、分析对比，提出膏溶角砾岩地层区段隧道的合理断面型式。     

新时期文学的疯癫主题研究

看似与理性背道而驰的疯癫意象却与以理性为核心的启蒙文学有着内在联结,新时期文学中塑造了大量疯子和痴傻者形象。从理性角度考察,大致可分为三类:常轨的旁落者、启蒙的布道者和破碎的示喻者。他们共同表达了自恋又自弃的心理特质和残缺扭曲的幻化真实等矛盾而复杂的精神世界。     

历史在这里凝固——论张恨水小说中抗日军人形象的崇高美

张恨水小说中抗日军人的形象反映了他对军人态度的转变,其以崇高美为突出特征,分别体现为人格世界的理性美、生命极限的壮烈美和形象世界的深度美.     

生态建筑形态软化趋向--解读生态建筑形态特征

在生态建筑发展过程中，形态软化趋向日显突出。通过对近年各具代表性的生态建筑形态特征的表述和分析，指出其形态创作的内涵有着理性的思考和科学的依据。