稠油油藏注蒸汽储层热伤害规律实验研究

针对稠油油藏注蒸汽过程中储层的热伤害问题，研究了稠油油藏热采过程注入的高温、高pH 热流体对储层 渗透率的影响，研究中利用正反向流动实验方法，研究了高温冷凝液注入疏松砂岩后引起的微粒运移作用及储层渗透 率的变化特征；并利用储层矿物的水热反应实验，分析了疏松砂岩油藏注蒸汽开发过程中的微粒运移机理。实验结果 表明，注蒸汽过程中，稠油油藏储层渗透率随温度及pH 值的升高而降低。高速流动的蒸汽及冷凝液造成储层内固相 微粒的运移及滞留，使储层非均质性进一步加剧；同时，高温、高pH 的蒸汽冷凝液既促使黏土矿物发生膨胀又造成储 层矿物发生溶解与转化，从而进一步加剧了稠油油藏疏松砂岩储层的储层热伤害。     

甘肃特色农产品地理标志国际法律保护

立足甘肃丰富的特色农产品资源和出口量逐年上升的实际,提出利用地理标志制度对甘肃特色农产品进行国际保护,从而形成甘肃特色农产品产业自己的"品牌",提高在国际市场上的竞争力,保证甘肃特色农产品的可持续发展.从提高保护意识,进行特色农产品资源普查,协调政府部门的职能,积极进行海外注册,加强国际监测等方面,加强国际法律保护.     

Demand Systems Estimation With Microdata: A Censored Regression Approach

Demand systems estimation increasingly makes use of household-level microdata, mainly to measure the effects of demographic variables. Data based on these household-expenditure surveys present a major estimation problem. For any given household, many of the goods have zero consumption, implying a censored dependent variable. Techniques which do not take this censored dependent variable into account will yield biased results. We utilize a censored regression approach that is computationally simple, consistent, and asymptotically efficient. The results are then presented and compared with those obtained using an uncensored technique.     

离子电子法配平方程式的简便方法

本文介绍了离子电子法在配平半反应时,利用离子、电子及溶液的介质,来调节反应式两边的电荷数,使之相等.     

秦汉时期的损伤检验

秦汉时期的法医检验重视对活体的伤情检验 ,这与当时法律上的保辜制度密切相关 ,人们依据伤情的轻重确定辜限的长短。因此在长期的伤情检验实践中 ,产生了伤、创、折、断、、、痍、瘢等不同等级伤型和伤情的概念和术语。从今天所能见到的秦汉时期伤情检验的实例及司法爰书中可以看出 ,当时的法医检验已总结出了致命伤的概念 ,并对“生活反应原理”有所认识。     

低频度事件保险产品选择谈判决策模型

本文考虑在低频度事件中保险产品选择问题,用效用理论及模糊数学知识建立了产品选择模型,并给出了算例,找到了使双方均满意的最优产品。     

基于投入产出技术的企业价格变动模型及其应用

本文建立了企业产品价格综合变动影响的四种不同的测算模型。可用于测算中间产品价格和初始投入变化及其连锁影响。     

产品品种繁多类型企业投入产出表的处理思想与方法

对于生产装配性产品的机械企业，由于产品与原材料种类繁多，将造成企业投入产出表的规模庞大，致使投入产出表的编制、计算和使用产生诸多问题，甚至难以实现。为了控制表的规模，常采用将消耗量相近、生产工艺相近的产品合并的做法。但这种做法严重影响了投入产出表的精度和应用效果。因此，本文讨论了更为有效的解决这类问题的思想和方法。     

Measurement error, skewness, and risk analysis: coping with the long tail of the distribution.

Probabilistic risk analyses often construct multistage chance trees to estimate the joint probability of compound events. If random measurement error is associated with some or all of the estimates, we show that resulting estimates of joint probability may be highly skewed. Joint probability estimates based on the analysis of multistage chance trees are more likely than not to be below the true probability of adverse events, but will sometimes substantially overestimate them. In contexts such as insurance markets for environmental risks, skewed distributions of risk estimates amplify the "winner's curse" so that the estimated risk premium for low-probability events is likely to be lower than the normative value. Skewness may result even in unbiased estimators of expected value from simple lotteries, if measurement error is associated with both the probability and pay-off terms. Further, skewness may occur even if the error associated with these two estimates is symmetrically distributed. Under certain circumstances, skewed estimates of expected value may result in risk-neutral decisionmakers exhibiting a tendency to choose a certainty equivalent over a lottery of equal expected value, or vice versa. We show that when distributions of estimates of expected value are, positively skewed, under certain circumstances it will be optimal to choose lotteries with nominal values lower than the value of apparently superior certainty equivalents. Extending the previous work of Goodman (1960), we provide an exact formula for the skewness of products.     

论文化产品与“政府文化需求”

文章试图用经济学原理,以"需求"为基本范畴,分析社会文化产品生产、流通、消费的基本规律,揭示文化产品的价值和使用价值相统一的商品属性.文中特别提出了文化产品"政府消费"的概念,意在解决"公益文化"的市场定位问题,并为转变文化行政部门职能、改革现有文化事业单位体制、创新政府文化投入的拨款方式提供一定的理论依据.