网络论坛公共事务讨论语言的修辞特征和成因

近年来,我国网络论坛公共事务修辞勃兴,然而关于其修辞特点的研究却比较鲜见。文章在综括网络语言修辞特征研究的基础上,运用文本分析和内容分析方法,探讨了网络论坛公共事务讨论语言的修辞特征和成因。研究发现,网络论坛公共事务讨论语言很少使用非语言符号;倾向于书面语;话语风格严肃、具有强烈的批判性,但理性程度低。这些特征折射出我国社会转型期激烈的社会矛盾、长期集权政治文化对民众的深远影响,同时也反映了我国公共领域事务讨论方兴未艾和公众公共参与意识的不断增强与公共修辞能力的不断提高。     

日本传本《古文孝经》回传中国考

《古文孝经孔传》当是汉魏以后长期流传的《孝经》注本之一 ,未必是孔安国所作 ,其书在梁末亡逸。隋朝开皇十四年以后 ,经刘炫之手又出现了所谓的《孔传》本 ,对于其真伪问题当时即有争议。此本在隋唐时期传入日本 ,而五代以后在中国却已佚失。《古文孝经》在日本的传授源流是清楚的 ,祖本当是隋唐旧本 ,非日本人伪造。日本江户时代学者太宰纯校刻的《古文孝经孔氏传》正是以日本足利学所藏刘炫《孝经直解》本为底本 ,参校众本 ,旁及他书所引 ,更加音注而成。此书回传中国 ,在清朝学界产生了较大影响 ,也引起不少争议。     

人工智能背景下在线调解的现状与未来

在调解领域,人工智能的应用主要表现为在线调解平台的搭建与使用。一方面,人工智能的应用有效提升了在线调解的效率、促进了在线纠纷解决机制的标准化发展、增强了当事人纠纷解决的便捷性。另一方面,也面临调解“大数据库”不全、人才与技术保障缺失、威胁调解保密性的挑战。当前,我国在线调解平台的智能性主要体现在调解程序引导、帮助当事人推荐和联系调解员、分流案件以及语音识别等方面。虽然给线上调解工作带来了便利,但却多为一些相对简单的辅助性工作,智能性不强。另外,在线调解平台也面临地域发展不平衡、平台使用率低、立法和保障机制缺失等问题。在在线调解的未来发展中,一是要强化调解平台建设,既通过技术革新增强调解平台的智能性,又兼顾调解队伍的职业化发展,实现“人工”与“人工智能”的协同效应。二是要树立正确的观念认识,将人工智能定位为调解工作中的“辅助人”。三是要完善立法规定,在制度层面保证在线调解的良性发展。     

民事诉讼中网络聊天证据取证的困境与出路

社交软件在互联网、大数据时代得到了飞速发展,网络聊天证据在民事诉讼中的运用增长迅速。网络聊天证据能否合法有效地收集对最大限度地再现案件真实和实体正义的实现影响甚巨。鉴于网络聊天证据在实务中采信率较低的司法现状,有必要对聊天证据收集的指导原则加以明确,并在此基础上对收集程序和取证主体等配套制度予以完善,赋予网络服务商之法定协助取证义务,以寄望破解当前网络聊天证据原件模糊、取证主体受限、成本高昂之困境。     

双重规训：平台可见性与读者赋权——网络文学平台签约作者的数字劳动研究

以J网络文学平台为研究对象,采用参与式观察与半结构化访谈的研究方法,基于马克思劳动过程理论分析范式,揭示出网络文学平台签约作者的数据劳动实践。研究发现,平台作为技术中介与制度中介,塑造了网络文学领域参与者的表现,策划了签约作者创作作品的可见性,这种可见性由可计量的数据指标构成,对劳动主体进行着隐蔽规制。此外,读者在消费赋权下拥有了参与文化产品生产的主动权,形塑了作者的劳动策略,需要作者投入感情以维系与读者的亲密关系。因此,签约作者在劳动实践的过程中看似具有高度自主性,实则受到了网络文学平台和读者的双重规训。     

Online Control Charts for Process Averages Based on Repeated Median Filters

Two types of estimates of process level, namely repeated median estimates (Siegel, 1982 Siegel , A. F. ( 1982 ). Robust regression using repeated medians . Biometrika 69 : 242 – 244 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) and full online estimates (Gather et al., 2006 Gather , U. , Schettlinger , K. , Fried , R. ( 2006 ). Online signal extraction by robust linear regression . Computational Statistics 21 : 33 – 51 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) based on repeated median filters, are used to develop control charts. The distributional properties of the estimates are studied using simulation and these are found to closely follow normal distribution. The repeated median being robust against outliers with asymptotically 50% breakdown value and having small standard deviation is found to be useful as a basis for monitoring process averages. The control charts using repeated median estimates have been recommended for general use.     

Disabled or differently-enabled? Dyslexic identities in online forum postings

This study presents a novel exploration into how people with dyslexia construct personal identities within anonymous, unsolicited, postings to an online discussion forum. An interpretational phenomenological analysis suggested three key identities: learning-disabled, differently-enabled and societally-disabled. These are discussed in terms of the extent to which they draw differentially on a discourse of disability as opposed to one of individual difference. The identities are to an extent malleable and overlapping according to context. Postings suggested overall that while some contributors constructed themselves as differently-enabled and celebrated dyslexia-related abilities, others sensed themselves having a disabled identity imposed upon them. Dyslexia is perceived as negatively construed within a society which promotes literacy and cognitive acuity as essential aspects of educational and social competence and where learning differences are poorly tolerated. In addition, this study highlights the potential of online forum contributions in the study of social influences in under-researched groups.     

Help-seeking behaviors and attitudes of emerging adults: How college students reporting recent suicidal ideation utilize the internet compared to traditional resources

Abstract

Objective: Suicide is the second leading cause of death among emerging adults, yet little is known regarding their online help-seeking. Participants: The National Research Consortium of Counseling Centers in Higher Education's dataset (N=26,292). Methods: Students across the United States were recruited from 73 four-year institutions to participate during the 2010–2011 school year. Results: Observed the effectiveness of online and traditional help-seeking stratified by recent suicidal ideation related to their most distressful period in the past year. Females and younger students endorsed both types of help-seeking, yet those with recent ideation were less likely to disclose any help-seeking. Among those reporting recent ideation, only females reported that traditional supports were more than moderately helpful. Regardless of whether students endorsed ideation, students who were younger, engaged in risky behaviors and identified as females reported that online resources were more than moderately helpful. Conclusions: Online resources could potentially bridge barriers to traditional help-seeking for those reluctant to seek out care, yet traditional resources were reported to be the most effective among this sample.     

我国幼儿教师职业道德研究回顾与前瞻——基于2009至2018年CNKI学术期刊论文的分析

采用文献计量学研究方法和主题内容分析法，回顾了2009至2018年我国幼儿教师职业道德研究的概貌，发现该领域文献研究的热点方向依次为：幼师师德失范与因应对策、幼师专业学生职业道德培养、幼师师德的规范建构与评价等。为进一步推动我国幼儿教师职业道德研究，关切该问题的学者可以形成研究共同体，从均衡研究维度着手，不断拓展研究视野的广度，并通过开展后续研究推进成果转化。     

考虑实时预倒箱的出口箱堆场多场桥调度优化

在出口集装箱堆场的实际作业过程中，倒箱是制约场桥作业效率的瓶颈之一。为提高出口箱堆场的作业效能，减少船舶装船作业时间，采用实时预倒来降低倒箱的影响，研究出口箱堆场多场桥调度优化问题。考虑待提箱作业次序固定、场桥间保持安全距离及不可跨越的现实约束，兼顾内集卡的等待上限，侧重场桥作业过程中的实时预倒箱，构建了以带惩罚因子的内集卡总等待时间最少为目标的混合整数线性规划模型。基于问题自身的特点设计了混合和声模拟退火算法，得出了各场桥的行走路径与实时预倒箱方案。在算例实验中，通过与不考虑实时预倒箱的方案、FCFS方案以及下界进行对比，验证了考虑实时预倒箱的场桥调度模型及算法的有效性，为集装箱码头出口箱堆场的场桥调度提供参考。