象征交换、诱惑与女权主义的社会批判

象征交换是鲍德里亚的核心概念,它具有非实在性、互惠性等特征,其诱惑概念也具有上述的特征;鲍德里亚还赋予了诱惑以不同于象征交换的特征,即恶的计谋性和娇柔的女性气质特征。鲍德里亚试图超越男女性别的两极划分时代,走向一种超性别的时代,并以此为基础反对当代女权主义的性别观。在他看来,女权主义所标榜的女权仍深深地受制于男权中心论的对立逻辑。鲍德里亚有关诱惑的恶与娇柔的女性气质的特征构成了其后来技术批判的理论基础。     

交互记忆系统对团队隐性知识转移的影响研究——基于互惠性偏好

在知识经济时代,隐性知识成为企业知识创新和价值创造的源泉,隐性知识转移成为企业日益关注的焦点。以互惠性偏好环境为情境因素,构建了交互记忆系统与隐性知识转移模型,实证研究结果表明,在互惠性组织文化环境下,交互记忆系统对团队隐性知识转移具有积极的促进作用,同时互惠性偏好有利于交互记忆系统的维护和隐性知识的转移。     

Changes in marital status and links to self-rated health: A study of temporal relationships

This study examines whether self-rated health (SRH) changes predict marital status changes or vice versa, and tests whether changes in trust mediate the relationship between marital transition and SRH change. A logistic regression model and a mediation analysis method are used separately to analyze the longitudinal data on 2,042 respondents from the Panel Study of Family Dynamics (PSFD) in Taiwan. The survey achieves response rates above 70%. The findings show that none of health status at either time point predict the three types of marital transitions including never married to married, married to divorced/separated, and married to widowed. Bonding trust plays a more important role than generalized trust in mediating the adverse effect of remaining widowed status on health change within a context of Confucian culture. Those who maintain a widowed state have a lower likelihood of sustaining high levels of bonding trust, which in turn leads to poor SRH. Hence, the findings provide more support for a social causation hypothesis rather than a health selection hypothesis.     

学业自我概念的建构研究述评

学业自我概念是指个体在学业情境中形成的对自己在学业发展方面的比较稳定的认知、体验和评价。学业自我概念的建构一直是研究者广泛关注的一个重要研究方向。目前,交互影响模型、大鱼小池效应、内/外参照模型及其相关整合模型是学业自我概念建构的主要理论模型,揭示了比较方式对学业自我概念建构的重要影响性。在未来的研究中要加强对学业自我概念建构的跨文化研究、加强不同比较方式之间的整合研究、改善学业自我概念的建构研究范式。     

意识的形而上学与两视一元论

斯瓦伯在最近的著作中提出“我即我脑”这一命题。若要在存在论和认识论上阐明心、身范畴及其关系,那么单纯的“我即我脑”这个命题不但显得“褊狭”,而且会引来不必要的误解。近代以来,科学物质主义和二元论在面对心-身问题时都有其不可解的困境。对于这些困境,有必要在两面一元论、泛心论和泛体验论的基础上提出“两视一元论”的形而上学构想。这个构想的核心观念是： 任何现实实体在存在论和认识论上都是以主体-客体统一的模式存在的,人类描述意识现象的两个范畴(即心和身)是现实实体在作为体验主体的第一人称和作为被观察的客体的第三人称视角下的分别呈现,由这两个视角所呈现的体验方面与物理方面之间的关系是一种法尔自然的相应关系,而不是产生和被产生的关系。因此，意识体验与脑神经活动之间不应该用因果作用的概念来刻画,世界的物理方面是因果封闭的,意识本身是非因果作用的。     

Generalised Variance Function Estimation for Binary Variables in Large‐Scale Sample Surveys

Generalised variance function (GVF) models are data analysis techniques often used in large‐scale sample surveys to approximate the design variance of point estimators for population means and proportions. Some potential advantages of the GVF approach include operational simplicity, more stable sampling errors estimates and providing a convenient method of summarising results when a high number of survey variables is considered. In this paper, several parametric and nonparametric methods for GVF estimation with binary variables are proposed and compared. The behavior of these estimators is analysed under heteroscedasticity and in the presence of outliers and influential observations. An empirical study based on the annual survey of living conditions in Galicia (a region in the northwest of Spain) illustrates the behaviour of the proposed estimators.     

阿奎那对共有之善的三重区分

阿奎那认为,向往善是意志的必然倾向,但意志之所以会选择一个善的目标,并不总是因为它与最大的善,即上帝有关,而主要因为它是“共有之善”的体现。他所说的共有之善包含着三个层面的含义。其中,表述性的共有之善并不是道德行为的直接原因,而只是后者的种类和形式。因此,每个人所追求的幸福都需要服从原因性的共有之善,即公正秩序的安排,而保持这种秩序的手段则在于实用性的共有之善。     

从理雅各英译《论语》看使役概念的翻译策略

认知语言学认为,使役概念表达是指人们对客观世界中典型使役事件的临摹或概念化。不同的语言学家对其有不同的理解,但大致将其分为词汇使役和句型使役。理雅各英译本《论语》中,采用多种翻译策略,如词汇使役、被动句式,位移-使役句式,双及物句式等来丰富使役表达的多样性。     

Stochastic comparisons of sample spacings in single- and multiple-outlier exponential models

This article studies some ordering results for the sample spacings arising from the single- and multiple-outlier exponential models. In the single-outlier exponential models, it is shown that the weak majorization order between the two hazard rate vectors implies the hazard rate order as well as the dispersive order between the corresponding sample spacings. We also extend this result from the single-outlier model to the multiple-outlier model for the special case of the second sample spacing. Furthermore, we obtain some necessary and sufficient conditions such that, on the one hand, the hazard rate, dispersive and usual stochastic orders, and on the other hand, the likelihood ratio and reversed hazard rate orders of the second sample spacings from two independent heterogeneous exponential random variables are equivalent.     

行为方式与经济社会的和谐发展

分析了人的行为方式即自利行为、互惠行为、强互惠行为和利他行为与经济社会和谐发展之间的关系。分析认为：不同的行为方式要适合不同的环境,才能促进经济社会的和谐发展;在市场环境中,如果信息是对称的、行为不具有外部性,那么自利行为是帕累托最优的;如果这2个条件不满足,那么互惠行为应当得到鼓励;在企业、政府等组织中,强互惠行为有利于组织的生存与发展;在社会交往中,鼓励利他行为,有助于营造和谐、互帮互助的社会氛围。