浅谈歌唱中的“怯场”心理

歌唱中出现的怯场现象是一种正常的心理状态，是客观存在的，不可避免的。我们要分析歌唱者怯场的原因，就要从技术和心理素质两方面着手。正确分析了怯场的原因，才能采取相应的措施来克服紧张，使演唱趋于成功。     

和谐社会应当是公平社会

和谐社会应当是公平社会。公平社会体现在政治法律、经济社会、教育卫生等各个方面。目前我国还存在着一些不公平的问题。这些问题的产生有复杂的原因,如政策导向、制度漏洞、体制弊端等等。社会不公有很多危害,如扩大贫富差距、引发社会危机、影响政权稳固等。解决社会不公问题的关键是深化各项改革,尤其是政治体制改革。     

公司相互持股相关法律问题探讨

公司相互持股,最早始于美国,是资本相互参与的一种重要表现形式。研究其产生原因和相关法律规制问题具有一定的现实意义。公司相互持股的法律问题主要有公司僵局、债权人及少数股东的权益保护问题、相互担保和税法问题等。解决这些相关问题才能使相互持股制度得以在经济市场中健康运行。     

论黑社会性质组织犯罪的特点、原因及防控对策

目前,黑社会性质组织的犯罪的出现并迅猛发展已不是个别城市、地区的现象,而是我国许多省市都存在的事实,特别是在一些大中城市和沿海开放地区的黑社会性质组织犯罪的活动甚至相当猖獗。本文通过对黑社会性质组织犯罪的涵义、特点的阐述,分析了黑社会性质组织犯罪的原因,进而提出了预防和打击黑社会性质组织犯罪的对策。     

苯教的现状及其与社会的文化融合

作者在多年实地调查的基础上叙述了苯教的现状、苯教寺院的分布及其历史和文化原因。重点阐释了佛苯两教在显宗方面的融合,尤其是在内道关键教义上的融合完成了这两个宗教在教义上的最终合流,提出了苯教这种与传统藏族社会的主要意识形态的融合和顺应实际上减少了不同文化传统和思想流派之间的摩擦,起到了积极的社会效应的学术观点。     

Collaboration and censorship in the oral history interview

The objective of this article is to highlight seldom considered aspects of the relationship between the researcher and the interviewee in feminist oral history research. As part of a study of the work of British women sociologists the researcher is undertaking a series of oral history interviews with retired academics. The attempts to follow social science ethical injections concerning the protection of human subjects and feminist injunctions to maximize subject collaboration and researcher reflexivity have raised several issues prior to, during and after the interviews. Issues of collaboration and censorship impinge on the research process at every stage of the work and, along with the personal and structural power relations of those involved, determine, in unanticipated ways, the final research product.     

行动、因果关系和自我——塞尔行动哲学述评

塞尔的行动哲学实际上论证了一个康德式的问题:自由行动如何可能?他将意向性和行动紧密联系起来,指出意向性引起行动,行动使意向性得到满足.这种关系是通过心理因果关系实现的.心理因果关系不同于一般的因果关系,它不是行动的充分条件.正因为如此,在行动中我们需要设定一个不可还原的非休谟式自我.塞尔的这种考察行动的方式避免了内省主义和行为主义的缺陷,推进了行动哲学的讨论.但其分析还显粗糙,有待我们的精细化.     

论禁止不当联结原则行政法领域之适用性

禁止不当联结原则,作为一项公法原则,在行政法领域具有普遍适用性;行政法领域“正当联结”的存在样态表现为行政目的与行政手段的联结、行政主体的给付与行政相对人的对待给付的联结、行政裁量中考虑相关因素的联结及公共利益考虑联结。禁止不当联结原则适用的具体行政领域包括一般意义的行政裁量行为、附款的行政行为、行政契约中的双务契约。     

孵化器管理方与在孵企业间关系对企业技术创新绩效的影响?

科技企业孵化器是科技型企业创业成长的重要平台。当前孵化器数量不断增长，但在运行机制、服务质量、创业文化等方面尚有不足，单方面提高孵化器管理方的服务能力与水平不足以解决问题。以组织间关系理论为基础，分析孵化器管理方与在孵企业间的相互信任、信息交流、互惠承诺对在孵企业技术创新绩效的影响，以及相互信任与信息交流、互惠承诺的相互促进关系。结果显示：孵化器管理方与在孵企业间较强的相互信任、信息交流、互惠承诺有助于提升在孵企业技术创新绩效，为孵化器管理方通过改善与在孵企业的关系提升服务效果提供了启示。     

Coordinability and Consistency in Accident Causation and Prevention: Formal System Theoretic Concepts for Safety in Multilevel Systems

Although a “system approach” to accidents in sociotechnical systems has been frequently advocated, formal system theoretic concepts remain absent in the literature on accident analysis and system safety. To address this gap, we introduce the notions of coordinability and consistency from the hierarchical and multilevel systems theory literature. We then investigate the applicability and the importance of these concepts to accident causation and safety. Using illustrative examples, including the worst disaster in aviation history, and recent incidents in the United States of aircraft clipping each other on the tarmac, we propose that the lack of coordinability is a fundamental failure mechanism causing or contributing to accidents in multilevel systems. We make a similar case for the lack of consistency. Coordinability and consistency become ingredients for accident prevention, and their absence fundamental failure mechanisms that can lead to system accidents. Finally, using the concepts introduced in this work, we identify several venues for further research, including the development of a theory of coordination in multilevel systems, the investigation of potential synergies between coordinability, consistency, and the high reliability organizations paradigm, and the possibility of reframing the view that “sloppy management is the root cause of many industrial accidents” as one of lack of coordinability and/or consistency between management and operations. By introducing and expanding on the concepts of coordinability and consistency, we hope to contribute to the thinking about, and the to language of, accident causation, and prevention and to add to the intellectual toolkit of safety professionals and academics.