技术创新联盟的伙伴竞争与决策形成过程研究

技术创新是否成功主要取决于创新参与者是否具有投资能力、技术能力和经济能力,根据这三种能力,可将我国技术创新主体分为大型企业、中小型技术企业、研究机构、高等院校和风险投资企业。我国的创新参与者在很多情况下都会决定参与形成技术创新联盟,如缺少创新投资、技术竞争力、新产品的生产或营销能力等。联盟的决策形成过程就是集聚这些能力的过程,即创新参与者根据创新目标、行业和企业的特征,评价各类互补创新参与者,竞争匹配创新伙伴的过程。     

西方经济学家关于大学行为的市场调节理论发展轨迹——斯密、穆勒和凡伯伦的高等教育市场调节思想比较研究

当代高等教育市场化的改革趋势,已从新自由主义经济学家哈耶克和费里德曼等的理论主张,发展成了世界范围内的高等教育改革运动,新自由主义关于高等教育市场化改革的主张,在新的公共管理理论和全球化理论领域中也得到共鸣和支持.但是学术界对这一改革运动在理论上产生了争议和分歧.在西方经济学思想发展的进程中,高等教育的市场化改革在思想理论方面有其自身的发展轨迹.西方早期的经济学家,从18世纪到20世纪初的亚当·斯密、约翰·斯图加特·穆勒和托尔斯坦·凡伯伦三个著名的西方经济学家,从大学行为的经济学调节这一角度,开启了当代高等教育市场化的思想理论的先河.探析这一思想的渊源及其发展状况,对于我们今天辨别高等教育市场化改革的利弊得失,具有重要的意义.     

商业购物中心人本设计中的空间环境

以人为本,是建筑设计首先要考虑的问题。现今的商业购物中心设计,大多数只是关注到功能或效益的问题,真正从人的感受和行为出发的设计很少。商业购物中心人本设计涉及是的许多方面,本文通过一些实例及在广东南海城市休闲购物广场的设计实践,对我国商业购物中心人性化设计的空间环境问题,从环境对人的行为的影响、商业空间的使用密度与规模二个方面进行探讨和研究。     

基于领导有效性的管理者领导风格抉择——关于中国企业管理者有效领导风格的实证研究

本文在汲取了过往领导风格理论精华的基础上,设计和组织了针对中国企业管理者的有效领导风格问卷调查。在对样本答卷统计分析后,形成的研究结论是:基于有效性的领导风格实质上包含了领导者对多样化领导风格的具备、使用和改进三个层面的系统内容。有成效的领导者应具备多样化的领导风格,并根据具体情境随机制宜地组合使用,持续不断地改进领导风格,才能最终提高领导行为的有效性。     

Interdisciplinary and Interorganizational Research: Establishing the Science of Enterprise Networks

We review and discuss the evolution of interdisciplinary and interorganizational research in operations management and suggest directions for future investigations. The proposed operations management research focus is one that embraces a more holistic view of an “extended enterprise” which involves working with a new business model—the organization as a network. This methodology starts by treating the organization as a system that is enabled by information technology and is characterized by ubiquitous information sharing across traditional enterprise. Proper integration of technology, business processes and people factors needs to be developed to create higher value from networked enterprises. Operations management research future lies in establishing this science from an interdisciplinary perspective. We analyze this perspective in the context of papers published in the first 50 issues of Production and Operations Management and the related literature.     

Do actions reduce perceived risk? A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between risk perception and actions in response to forest disturbance in Colorado

As residents living in hazard-prone areas face on-going environmental threats, the actions they take to mitigate such risks are likely motivated by various factors. Whereas risk perception has been considered a key determinant of related behavioral responses, little is known about how risk mitigation actions influence subsequent perceived risk. In other words, do actions to prevent or mitigate risk reduce risk perception? This longitudinal study considers the dynamic relationships between risk perception and risk-mitigating behavior in the context of forest disturbance in north-central Colorado. Based on panel survey data collected in 2007 and 2018, the results provide a first look at changes in perceived forest risks as they relate to individual and community actions in response to an extensive mountain pine beetle outbreak. Analysis revealed that the perception of direct forest risks (forest fire and falling trees) increased, whereas indirect forest risk perception (concern on broader threats to local community) decreased across the two study phases. Higher individual or community activeness (level of actions) was associated with subsequent reductions in perceived forest fire risk, smaller increases in direct risk perception, and larger decreases in indirect risk perception. These findings contribute insights into the complex risk reappraisal process in forest hazard contexts, with direct implications for risk communication and management strategies.     

试析网络交往行为的戏剧化特点

随着网上生活的不断拓展,网络交往行为越来越广泛,并且明显呈现出戏剧行为的特点。同时,由于虚拟角色的自由转换,它又与传统的戏剧行为有所区别。文章从理论上分析了它们的异同,以便更深刻地理解并正确引导网络交往行为。     

基于动态无标度网络的信息策略与羊群行为演化研究

传统的人工股票市场效率不高,对投资者的异质性假设缺乏经济学含义,更没有考虑市场中广泛存在的羊群行为的影响。本文以国外期权市场异质信息交易者模型为基础,结合互联网金融特点在传统人工股票市场中引入异质信息策略与动态无标度人际关系网络刻画的羊群行为构建出新的人工股市模型,进行投资者的信息策略与羊群行为演化研究,对比分析不同机制的引入所带来的影响,揭示动态关系网络环境下信息策略演化结果。研究发现：一方面,信息策略演化机制的引入加快了市场均衡速率并提高了市场效率,同时也大大降低了投资者财富水平并拉大了财富差距;信息策略与羊群行为的演化并不会导致投资者完全向内幕信息交易者聚集,高、低信息档次投资者明显居多且其他信息档次投资者仍然存在。另一方面,动态关系网络下羊群行为的引入增强了投资者的被传染程度,并进一步缩小了财富差距且显著提高了内幕信息的扩散质量与效率。所以,互联网关系网络环境下高、低信息档次投资者占据相对优势,但其他信息档次投资者并不会被挤出市场;监管部门在努力寻求高市场效率的同时,也应在投资者财富与社会总财富等方面进行适当权衡。     

Resilience to Discrimination and Rejection Among Young Sexual Minority Males and Transgender Females: A Qualitative Study on Coping With Minority Stress

Sexual minority and transgender status is associated with mental health disparities, which have been empirically and theoretically linked to stressors related to social stigma. Despite exposure to these unique stressors, many sexual minority and transgender individuals will not experience mental health disorders in their lifetime. Little is known about the specific processes that sexual minority and transgender youth use to maintain their wellbeing in the presence of discrimination and rejection. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 sexual minority males and transgender females aged 18–22 years, who currently met criteria for an operationalized definition of resilience to depression and anxiety. Data were analyzed qualitatively, yielding information related to a wide variety of problem-solving, support-seeking, and accommodative coping strategies employed by youth in the face of social stigma. Results are discussed in light of their clinical implications.     

Essentialist Beliefs About Homosexuality Predict Positive and Negative Behavioral Intentions Toward Lesbian Women and Gay Men

This study focuses on essentialist beliefs about homosexuality as determinants of discriminatory intentions against gay men and lesbian women (LG) and the readiness to engage in positive action toward them. A sample of 997 exclusively heterosexual adults participated in an online study set in Croatia, a country with high homophobia undergoing social change that threatens the higher status of the heterosexual majority. Beliefs about immutability and universality of homosexuality were associated with less intention to discriminate and more readiness to engage in positive behavior, while discreteness beliefs were inversely related to both. Furthermore, attitudes toward LGs seem to be the mechanism behind the observed links. Results suggest essentialist beliefs might be fuel for attitudes, which are in turn associated with behavioral intentions. Importantly, essentialist beliefs had both indirect (with attitudes as mediators) and direct effects on behavioral intentions speaking in favor of their robust role in explaining LG-related phenomena.