中国农民工问题:理论判断与政策思路

农民工是中国改革开放以来伴随着工业化、城市化、现代化进程而出现的一个规模庞大的特殊群体,它正在由中国发展进步的重要推进力量向新时期必须应对的重大挑战转化。农民工问题直接牵涉到亿万农民工及其家属的切身利益,是一个包含了经济利益、社会权益、政治权力及文化融洽、精神和谐等内容的综合性问题。这一问题的存在与发展变化,正在全方位地影响着中国新型工业化、城市化、现代化的进程,从而迫切要求国家通过调整制度安排及政策措施来加以解决。妥善解决农民工问题,既是能否最终解决好“三农”问题的关键所在,也是能否加速推进中国工业化、城市化和现代化进程的关键所在。应该将解决农民工问题作为我国未来十年发展中的头等大事,采取统筹考虑、综合协调、近中长期目标相结合的思路,稳妥有序地为农民工提供融入工业化、城市化进程的机会,最终促使整个社会和谐发展。     

元曲研究失落的两部珍贵域外文献——对《朴通事谚解》与《老乞大谚解》的几点认识

关于《朴通事谚解》与《老乞大谚解》的编著年代 ,据朝鲜李朝《世宗实录》与《成宗实录》记述 ,“此乃元朝时语也” ,由当时的朝鲜译官编定。二书中有不少可资元曲研究借鉴的珍贵材料。在曲学语言学方面 ,以前的元曲释词著作都未见引据二书。如对“丽春院”等词语的解释均有极高的参证价值。此外 ,对儿化音的描述也可补《中原音韵》之缺。关于元曲形式内容方面的资料 ,如二书多处记述了唱曲、弹弦子的情况 ,特别是所记交“五个钱”入构栏看“诸般唱词” ,对于研究金元演艺的发展 ,弥足珍贵。元曲多写田园山水风光 ,表现避世隐逸的倾向 ,过去总以为是元代士子受压迫、无出路所致。《朴》书会话中也多有此种内容 ,与元曲精神一致 ,看来是一个普遍的社会审美思潮 ,有待作出更切实际的解释     

复合句中时、体用法的几个问题

本文从主、从句间事件所发生的时间关系入手,探讨了复合句中时、体用法的三个问题：复合句中时、体使用的一般规则;影响复合句中时、体选用的其他因素;句法功能测检。研究表明：在许多情况下,主、从句间事件所发生的时间关系决定时、体的使用;除时间关系因素之外,事件类型、从属连词、因果关系等因素也会影响时、体的选用;句法测检是句法研究中获取客观依据的行之有效手段,它能帮助人们区分那些貌似相同,其实功能各异的从句。     

A three-stage hybrid approach for weight assignment in MADM

How to determine weights for attributes is one of the key issues in multiple attribute decision making (MADM). This paper aims to investigate a new approach for determining attribute weights based on a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model without explicit inputs (DEA-WEI) and minimax reference point optimisation. This new approach first considers a set of preliminary weights and the most favourite set of weights for each alternative or decision making unit (DMU) and then aggregates these weight sets to find the best compromise weights for attributes with the interests of all DMUs taken into account fairly and simultaneously. This approach is intended to support the solution of such MADM problems as performance assessment and policy analysis where (a) the preferences of decision makers (DMs) are either unclear and partial or difficult to acquire and (b) there is a need to consider the best "will" of each DMU. Two case studies are conducted to show the property of this new proposed approach and how to use it to determine weights for attributes in practice. The first case is about the assessment of research strengths of EU-28 member countries under certain measures and the second is for analysing the performances of Chinese Project 985 universities, where the weights of the attributes need to be assigned in a fair and unbiased manner.     

Mechanisms of Organizational Commitment: Adding Frames to Greedy Institution Theory

How do organizations that make significant physical, emotional, and intellectual demands foster commitment and loyalty from voluntary participants? Greedy institution theory (Coser 1974 ) answers this question by identifying structural elements that foster participants' undivided commitment to “greedy” groups, those in which participants' involvement interferes with and takes precedence over their involvement in other social spheres. In this article, I argue for the expansion of greedy institution theory to include frames and framing processes as “greedy” organizational tools that work on the microinteractional level. Using data from an ethnographic study of an intensive program that prepares low‐income students of color to attend elite boarding high schools, I show how the organization's “family” frame mobilized participants and encouraged interpretations and interactions that helped students persist in the program and remain committed to the organization. I argue that turning our attention to frames and framing processes will increase our understanding of the tools organizations use on a microinteractional level to build and repair participants' loyalty and commitment.     

Hiding Spinach in the Brownies: Frame Alignment in Suffrage Community Cookbooks, 1886–1916

Recent studies have examined how the conventions of cultural genres help advance frames. This line of scholarship can be used to study how activists might popularize radical frames that fundamentally challenge widespread beliefs. In this article, I analyze how the gendered character of suffrage community cookbooks aids in frame alignment. I determine how these cookbooks advance ‘femininity frames’ that drew on widespread beliefs about femininity (and thus were more likely to resonate with a broad audience). I also examine how suffrage cookbooks advance ‘republican citizenship frames’ that argued that women should vote because they could embody the masculinized republican ideals of civic virtue and public responsibility. Republican citizenship frames challenged widespread beliefs about femininity (and thus were likely to be viewed as more radical). I find that the embrace of domestic femininity in community cookbooks amplifies femininity frames by intensifying traditional beliefs about women. Furthermore, the gendered character of community cookbooks extends republican citizenship frames to the average housewife by proving that women could incorporate new practices into their lives without abandoning their traditional feminine roles. This study enriches our understanding of the roles of cultural genres in framing, and it demonstrates how activists may try to popularize radical frames.     

A Bayesian control chart for a common coefficient of variation

By using the medical data analyzed by Kang et al. (2007 Kang, C.W., Lee, M.S., Seong, Y.J., Hawkins, D.M. (2007). A control chart for the coefficient of variation. J. Qual. Technol. 39(2):151–158.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]), a Bayesian procedure is applied to obtain control limits for the coefficient of variation. Reference and probability matching priors are derived for a common coefficient of variation across the range of sample values. By simulating the posterior predictive density function of a future coefficient of variation, it is shown that the control limits are effectively identical to those obtained by Kang et al. (2007 Kang, C.W., Lee, M.S., Seong, Y.J., Hawkins, D.M. (2007). A control chart for the coefficient of variation. J. Qual. Technol. 39(2):151–158.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) for the specific dataset they used. This article illustrates the flexibility and unique features of the Bayesian simulation method for obtaining posterior distributions, predictive intervals, and run-lengths in the case of the coefficient of variation. A simulation study shows that the 95% Bayesian confidence intervals for the coefficient of variation have the correct frequentist coverage.     

Bridging semantic and social network analyses: the case of the hashtag #precisamosfalarsobreaborto (we need to talk about abortion) on Twitter

This paper presents an innovative method design that combines semantic with social network analysis in order to measure opinion leadership in social networking sites in a more accurate way. We used this method to assess the efficacy of the TPM magazine in disseminating its pro-decriminalization of abortion frames (contained in the cover story of its 148th issue) that were associated with the hashtag #precisamosfalarsobreaborto (a trending topic in November 2014). The data were collected from Twitter through the data-mining application NodeXL (N?=?1010). A content analysis of a random sample was carried out (N?=?376; margin of error?=?4%; confidence interval?=?95%; Krippendorff’s alpha?=?0.661). Using the software Gephi, we plotted the data on a socio-semantic graph, which indicates that (a) the border of the social network does not represent a semantic gap with the center and (b) despite the network being extremely like-minded, one of its hubs appears to be what we conceptualize as a hotspot of contestation. We discuss how future research may replicate and refine our methodology to handle population datasets and big data as well.     

构建我国自驾车旅游网络的初步探讨

构建自驾车旅游网络是规范自驾车旅游市场的保障,是旅行社竞争的新创意,可以促进相关产业的发展.旅游活动的日益普及化、私人轿车的大量拥有以及初步完善的配套服务为自驾车旅游网络的构建提供了可能性,但旅游信息和配套服务的缺乏、旅游者自身的原因等制约着自驾车旅游网络的构建.自驾车旅游网络是一项系统工程,它需要供给系统、需求系统、信息系统和支持系统四者相互配合、相互作用,才能促进其健康发展.     

对网易新闻及新闻漫画的框架分析

以网易新闻及网易新闻漫画为研究对象,收集140个样本进行内容分析,探讨传播框架的两级建构。在参照六种经典类型框架的基础上,分析新闻框架与漫画框架之间的关联性,同时考察媒介框架及意见领袖框架对受众评论立场的影响。研究结果表明:所选新闻和漫画中,最常出现的框架是责任归因、冲突和人情趣味框架;新闻框架会显著影响漫画框架及受众评论立场,但漫画框架和漫画立场对受众评论立场影响不显著。