我国农村医疗保障制度的经济补偿能力分析——基于江苏省调研数据

经济补偿是农村医疗保障制度的基本职能,新型农村合作医疗制度(简称新农合)是我国农村地区的主体医疗保障制度。确保新农合具有持续、稳定的高水平经济补偿能力是提高农村居民卫生服务可及性、减少农村居民"因病致贫、因病返贫"的关键。本文基于江苏省各地新农合相关机构调研数据,全面系统地研究我国农村医疗保障制度的经济补偿能力,宏观剖析了我国农村医疗保障制度的经济补偿水平、经济补偿结构和经济补偿可持续性。研究结果显示:(1)经济欠发达地区的新农合相对经济补偿水平高于经济较发达地区;(2)合理的经济补偿结构是经济欠发达地区新农合具有较强经济补偿能力的关键;(3)相比于经济较发达地区,经济欠发达地区的农村医疗保障制度的经济补偿能力更具有可持续性。     

农业规模化经营的社会基础分析

农业规模化经营离不开农村社会资本的支持。在现代农业型的农村社会中,传统社会"差序格局"的社会结构中穿插着情感、利益、权力等多重因素,对传统农村社会关系网络有了新的影响。其中,人情关系仍发挥着主导性作用,在很多领域超越了利益关系等其他影响因素。通过对X村种粮大户的深度访谈,了解到农村社会的人情关系在土地流转、日常农业生产与管理、农业技术等领域都具有直接或间接的影响与作用。因此,国家除了出台适当的政策与制定制度之外,更需要采取其他有效的措施与方法来构建更好的农村社会关系网络,以期引导与规范农业规模化经营。     

The media of sociology: tight or loose translations?

Sociologists have increasingly come to recognize that the discipline has unduly privileged textual representations, but efforts to incorporate visual and other media are still only in their beginning. This paper develops an analysis of the ways objects of knowledge are translated into other media, in order to understand the visual practices of sociology and to point out unused possibilities. I argue that the discourse on visual sociology, by assuming that photographs are less objective than text, is based on an asymmetric media‐determinism and on a misleading notion of objectivity. Instead, I suggest to analyse media with the concept of translations. I introduce several kinds of translations, most centrally the distinction between tight and loose ones. I show that many sciences, such as biology, focus on tight translations, using a variety of media and manipulating both research objects and representations. Sociology, in contrast, uses both tight and loose translations, but uses the latter only for texts. For visuals, sociology restricts itself to what I call ‘the documentary’: focusing on mechanical recording technologies without manipulating either the object of research or the representation. I conclude by discussing three rare examples of what is largely excluded in sociology: visual loose translations, visual tight translations based on non‐mechanical recording technologies, and visual tight translations based on mechanical recording technologies that include the manipulation of both object and representation.     

Gender‐Related Violence and Young People: An Overview of Italian,Irish, Spanish,UK and EU Legislation

Do laws regarding violence against or sexual exploitation of young people recognise gendered and other power dynamics? Cross‐national comparison of legal texts can illustrate the benefits of framing issues of violence/gender/youth in certain ways and offer critical reflection on particular legal frameworks or cultural understandings. This policy review is based on an analysis of select laws regarding gender‐related violence (GRV) as relates to young people in Italy, Ireland, Spain and the UK. Here, GRV is defined as sexist, sexualising or norm‐driven bullying, harassment, discrimination or violence whoever is targeted. It therefore includes gender, sexuality and sex‐gender normativities, as well as violence against women and girls. A tension emerges between granting young people agency and recognising the multiple, intersecting power relations that might limit and shape that agency. This article draws out the implications for the UK in particular, highlighting the absence of preventative measures and the need for a broader approach to combat GRV.     

农村学前教育机构服务功能的拓展--基于对家长期待的微调查

农村学前教育机构服务功能普遍比较单一,随着农村学前教育的快速发展,农村家长对学前教育机构的服务功能产生了更多的期待和更高的要求。通过调查,了解农村幼儿园教育服务现状及家长满意度状况,并为拓展农村学前教育机构的服务功能提出合理化建议。     

Healthcare Experiences of Latinos in a Nontraditional Destination Area

The purpose of this study was to describe the health and healthcare experiences of immigrant Latinos compared to USA-born Latinos, Whites, and African Americans in Greater Cincinnati, Ohio, a nontraditional immigrant destination area. Immigrant Latinos had significantly worse physical and mental health than other groups and significantly more barriers to healthcare. Latinos rated the degree to which their town is socially accepting of Latinos. Lower social acceptance was correlated with worse mental health and more barriers to healthcare. Geographic information system (GIS) mapping techniques revealed geographic patterns in the association between social acceptance of Latinos and health outcomes.     

Visually Assessing the First Lady in a Digital Age: A Study of Michelle Obama as Portrayed by Journalists and the White House

In a digital age in which the First Lady’s image is captured and disseminated by many different outlets, this article proposes the development of a coding instrument using Goffman’s (1979) gender displays as a new method for exploring the visual frames of the First Lady. Given the manner in which photographs are disseminated via the Internet by both official and journalistic sources, this new coding instrument takes into consideration the different vantage points that these image capturers have. Until recently, visual gender display frames of the First Lady from differing outlets have not been easily studied separately, given the fact that images disseminated by the White House had to go through the journalistic gate prior to dispersion. Ultimately, the study of photos of the First Lady as she appears in the “media” was mixed and confounded journalistic and official framing. The Internet has changed all of this and opens opportunities to study these framing sources separately. As a test of a new coding instrument to study these different framing sources, this article assesses Michelle Obama in her gender portrayal from two different framing sources: journalists and the White House. This visual content analysis demonstrates and supports the use of a new context-independent coding instrument, borrowing from Goffman’s gender displays as a method for visually studying the First Lady.     

视错觉在交互界面设计中的应用

掌握视错觉在交互界面设计中的应用规律,能使交互设计更加符合人的生理及心理特征,提升用户体验。以视觉认知心理学和生理学的理论依据为切入点,结合交互设计特点和理念,展开针对交互界面的视错觉应用研究,总结出五条应用规律。     

毛泽东时代海报设计研究

毛泽东时代的海报设计是一个时代的印记,它是理想化的实现,是时代政治的声音,更是那个时代人们激情与理想的流露.虽然它想象的成分很多,但那个时代的海报设计,从对“救亡运动”到“文艺为工农兵服务”问题的思考,都使它的艺术形式在推进现代民族国家的过程中有别于西方和传统中国的样式而达到了一个全新的高度,成为当时政治和文化的标记.它无论在内容、形式还是数量上都是惊人的,是特定历史时段大众理想与心声的体现.     

鲜卑族在西北地区的迁徙活动

本文叙述了鲜卑族从东北迁往西北的过程及其影响。由于内部矛盾或其他民族的衰落,促使鲜卑各部逐渐迁入西北地区。在迁徙过程中或迁徙后,与当地民族融合,形成新的民族或部族,随着部落的解体,经济生产方式、文化的变迁,为其最终融入汉族或其他民族奠定了基础。